Cellular infiltrate in cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions and therapeutic outcome

Abstract Background: The treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis is a challenge. A better understanding of the in situ mechanisms involved in the evolution and cure of the disease is essential for the development of new therapies. Objective: Correlate histopathological and immunological characteristics of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions with clinical outcome after different treatment regimens. Methods: The authors analyzed cellular infiltration and immunohistochemistry staining for CD4, CD8 and IL-17 in biopsy samples from 33 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis before treatment. All patients were recruited in a randomized clinical trial at Corte de Pedra (Bahia-Brazil) and assigned to receive Glucantime®, Glucantime® + Oral Tamoxifen or Glucantime® + Topical Tamoxifen. Patients were followed for 2 to 6 months to define disease outcome. Results: A similar expression of CD4, CD8 and IL-17 was observed in lesion samples regardless of clinical outcome. In general, a higher amount of CD8 cells were observed compared with CD4 cells. An important observation was that all patients whose cellular infiltrate did not contain plasma cells were cured after treatment. Study limitations: Isolated quantification of TCD8 and IL-17 using immunohistochemistry is insufficient to analyze the role of these molecules in the immunopathogenesis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. In addition, the expansion of the immunohistochemistry panel would allow a more complete analysis of the immune response in situ. Conclusions: The absence of plasma cells in cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions was related to a favorable therapeutic outcome.

Modelos neuropsicobiológicos para estudo da dor e das emoções / Neuropsychobiological models for the study of pain and emotions / Modelos neuropsicológicos para el estudio del dolor y las emociones

Dor é uma experiência pessoal e subjetiva que pode apenas ser sentida pelo sofredor. A dor aguda tem a finalidade de avisar o indivíduo que algo está errado. Contudo, a dor crônica (DC) é um problema global de saúde, que afeta a qualidade de vida e torna o indivíduo parcial ou totalmente incapacitado. A pesquisa básica utiliza diversos modelos animais para o estudo da dor aguda ou crônica, bem como para o estudo das principais comorbidades oriundas de sua cronificação como a ansiedade e a depressão. Esta revisão aborda os modelos animais mais comumente utilizados neste contexto.

Pain is a personal and subjective experience that can only be felt by the sufferer. Acute pain is intended to warn the individual that something is wrong. However, chronic pain (CP) is a global health problem, affecting the quality of life and making the individual parts or disabled. Basic research uses several animal models for the study of acute or chronic pain, as well as for the study of the main comorbidities arising from their chronicity, such as anxiety and depression. This review focuses on the animal models most commonly used in this context.

El dolor es una experiencia personal y subjetiva que solo puede sentir la víctima. El dolor agudo está destinado a advertir al individuo que algo está mal. Sin embargo, el dolor crónico (EC) es un problema de salud global, que afecta la calidad de vida y hace que el individuo esté parcial o totalmente discapacitado. La investigación básica utiliza varios modelos animales para el estudio del dolor agudo o crónico, así como para el estudio de las principales comorbilidades resultantes de su cronicidad, como la ansiedad y la depresión. Esta revisión se centra en los modelos animales más utilizados en este contexto.