Clinical-epidemiological evaluation of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children attended in a public hospital in midwestern Brazil

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is responsible for annual respiratory infection outbreaks in infants and young children worldwide, frequently causing bronchiolitis and pneumonia. We evaluated clinical and epidemiological features of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in children less than five years old. Nasopharyngeal aspirate samples from children with ARI symptoms, attended at the 'Hospital das Clínicas' - Federal University of Uberlândia, MG, Brazil, were collected and tested for RSV by the immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Patients' clinical and epidemiological data were also obtained. From April 2000 to June 2003, 317 nasopharyngeal samples were collected from children less than 54 months old. Seventy-six samples (24.0 percent) were positive for RSV, with 53 percent (40/76) obtained from male patients. Hospitalization occurred in 50 percent (38/76) of the cases, with an average period of 10.6 days, in most cases (87 percent, 33/38) occurring in children less than 12 months of age. Although an association between this age group and the presentation of more severe clinical symptoms was observed, such as bronchiolitis in 51 percent (27/53) of the patients and pneumonia in 19 percent (10/53), no patients died. RSV was found from February to August, with the highest incidence in May. Conclusions: RSV is an important agent that causes ARIs; the clinical manifestations varied from mild to severe and patients frequently required hospitalization; RSV mostly affected children less than one year old.

Associaçäo entre asma, rinite alérgica e eczema, utilizando-se o protocolo ISAAC / Association among asthma, allergic rhinitsis and eczema, using ISAAC protocol

Objetivo: Identificar a associaçäo entre a asma, rinite alérgica e eczema, utilizando-se o protocolo ISAAC, em crianças da zona urbana de Uberlância, MG. Métodos: Aplicaçäo do questionário ISAAC, com oito questöes sobre asma, seis sobre rinite alérgica e seis sobre eczema a 3.002 crianças de seis a sete anos. Na análise dos dados, utilizou-se o teste do qui-quadrado; o índice de rejeiçäo para a hipótese de nulidade foi de 0,05. Resultados: A prevalência de sintomas de asma foi de 15 por cento no grupo de seis a sete anos e 16,8 por cento no grupo de 13-14 anos. A associaçäo de sintomas de asma com sintomas de rinite alérgica ocorreu em 21,3 por cento e 39,1 por cento, respectivamente dos grupos de seis a sete anos, e de 13 a 14 anos. Conclusäo: A associaçäo mais freqüente foi entre sintomas de asma e sintomas de rinite alérgica, seguida por sintomas de asma e sintomas de eczema.