Syndrome and Treatment Rules of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Based on Modern Medical Cases / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the syndrome and treatment rules of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） based on the medical literature and cases with the help of TCM inheritance support system platform （V2.5）， thus providing new ideas for TCM to treat COPD. MethodThe medical cases of TCM treating COPD were retrieved from China national knowledge infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang Database， and VIP China Science and Technology Journal Database. The medical cases that met the inclusion literature were collected in a new Word document， and then input into the TCM inheritance support system platform （V2.5） after data standardization. With the help of the algorithm carried by this software， the frequency statistics of "symptoms， syndrome types of TCM， Chinese medicine， and meridians of Chinese medicine" in the included COPD medical cases were performed， and the correlation analysis of the "prescription rules" in the included medical cases was carried out， thus excavating the potential core drug pairs and new prescriptions for the treatment of COPD. ResultA total of 103 articles were included with 126 medical cases and 131 diagnoses and treatments. According to statistics， the common symptoms of COPD were cough， expectoration， chest tightness， and asthma， and the common TCM syndromes included phlegm-heat obstructing lung， phlegm and blood stasis blocking lung， and lung-spleen Qi deficiency. The common TCM treatment methods included clearing heat and resolving phlegm， banking up earth to generate metal， and descending adverse and relieving dyspnea， among which the high-frequency Chinese medicines for the treatment of COPD were Pinelliae Rhizoma， Armeniacae Semen Amarum， Ephedrae Herba， Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium， and so on. The commonly used drug pairs included Asari Radix et Rhizoma-Pinelliae Rhizoma， Pinelliae Rhizoma-Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， etc. Twelve new prescriptions for the treatment of COPD were found. ConclusionTCM believes that COPD is a lung disease formed by external evil， phlegm， blood stasis， and other pathological factors， with cough， phlegm， and asthma as the main symptoms. The main syndromes of COPD are phlegm-heat obstructing lung， phlegm and blood stasis blocking lung， and lung-spleen qi deficiency. "Strengthening the upright and dispelling evil" is the basic principle of the treatment COPD. In clinical， TCM methods with dispelling phlegm and removing blood stasis， and tonifying lung， spleen， and kidney should be adopted to treat COPD.

Ladder-type decompression in preventing acute encephalocele in the operation of severe craniocerebral trauma / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical curative effect of ladder-type decompression in preventing acute encephalocele in the operation of severe craniocerebral trauma.Methods The clinical data of 178 patients after operation of severe craniocerebral trauma were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into routine decompression group (75 cases) and ladder-type decompression group (103 cases).The former was treated by routine decompression,and the latter was treated by ladder-type decompression.The efficacy was compared and analyzed.Results The incidence of acute encephalocele and delayed hematoma in ladder-type decompression group were 27.18％ (28/103) and 12.62％ (13/103),in routine decompression group were 54.67％ (41/75) and 26.67％ (20/75),and the differences between two groups were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05).Three months after discharge,21 cases were lost in ladder-type decompression group and 15 cases were lost in routine decompression group.Recovery rate and death rate in ladder-type decompression group were 29.27％ (24/82) and 36.59％ (30/82),in routine decompression group were 15.00％ (9/60) and 55.00％ (33/60),and the differences were statistically significant (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Ladder-type decompression can effectively reduce the incidence of acute encephaloceie via the steady release of intracranial pressure,which has positive significance in the improvement of the treatment and prognosis of severe craniocerebral injury.

The effect of root canal preparation with nickel-titanium rotary instruments in reducing post-operative pain / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the effect of nickel-titanium rotary instruments in reducing post-operative pain.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>95 molars with pulpal and/or periapical involvement were randomly assigned to two groups for root canal preparation. One group was treated with ProFile nickel-titanium rotary instruments; the other was treated by using stainless steel hand files-FlexoFile. The incidence and degree of post-operative pain after root canal preparation in the two groups were recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In ProFile group, the incidence of post-operative pain was 27.7%, while 62.5% of the teeth developed post-operative pain after hand preparation. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Root canal preparation on molars with stainless steel hand files resulted in relatively high incidence of post-operative pain. Mechanical preparation using ProFile nickel-titanium instruments generated less post-operative pain and discomfort.</p>

Application of IPS EmpressⅡ castable ceramic onlays in repair of tooth defects / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To evaluate short-term fowllow-up results of castable ceramic-IPS Empress Ⅱ onlays in restoring severe tooth defects with low occlusogingival dimension from clinical aspects.Methods 41 units of the onlay were fabricated and applied in 37 patients,who were divided into experimental group and control group.The experimental group were restored with IPS EmpressⅡcastable ceramic onlay which was bonded by a dual-cure adhesive system.The control group were restored with mental onlay which was bonded by glass-ionomer cements.All these cases were followed at 6 and 12 months after cementation of the restorations.Metewands were established to evaluate its clinical effects.Results Onlay made from IPS Empress Ⅱ castable ceramic demonstrated natural and esthetical appearance.In addition,proximal contact,retention and marginal fit of the restorations were good.No gingivitis was found.Conclusion The reliability of onlay made from IPS Empress Ⅱ castable ceramic is greatly improved due to the strengthening effects of the lithium disilicate structures.In addition,the better esthetics compared to resin filling technique makes it a comparatively ideal all-ceramic system for onlays.