Arteriovenous fistula and arteriovenous malformation modeling and applications / 医学研究生学报

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and arteriovenous malformation (AVM) are the common intracranial vascular malformations. The experimental models of AVF and AVM include animal models, in vitro models and biomathematical models. These models could be used to investigate the pathophysiological characters of AVF and AVM, to simulate the clinical treatment, and to examine the materials for embolization therapy. This article reviewed the formation of these models, evaluated their advantages and disadvantages, and briefly introduced their applications.

Management of lactational infection after breast augmentation by polyacrylamide hydrogel injection / 医学研究生学报

Objective: Breast augmentation by polyacrylamide hydrogel(PAHG) injection has resulted in a series of adverse events in many female patients.This article summarizes the authors' experience in the diagnosis and treatment of lactational infection after breast augmentation by PAHG injection and discusses related preventive measures.Methods: This study included 2 patients who had developed infection during lactation 5 years after breast augmentation with PAHG.We identified the exact position of the PAHG and vomica by color Doppler,computerized tomography and magnetic resonance.We made incisions in the submammary fold or mammary areola to take out the PAHG,drain the pus and place the vacuum pressure tube,followed by application of pressure bandages.Results: One of the patients healed without any complication,while the other developed latex leak in both breasts,but finally cured after milk regurgitation and repeated changing of dressings.Conclusion: Lactational infection after breast augmentation by PAHG injection is detrimental to female patients.Preventive measures should be taken as early as possible.For patients with this infection,operation should be performed to take out the PAHG and drain the pus.Sufficient draining and milk regurgitation are necessary to avoid latex leak.

Back skin donor site:A good choice for repairing Ⅲ? burn wound in children / 医学研究生学报

Objective: It is difficult to repair large-area Ⅲ?burn wound in children.Here we introduce the advantages of the back skin donor site in repairing Ⅲ?burn wound in children.Methods: This clinical study included 15 children with Ⅲ?burn,ranging in age from 18 months to 11 years(mean 7.6 years),with the Ⅲ?burn wound area averaging at 12.6% of the total body surface.The back skin donor site was used to repair the wound.The functional site,such as the joint,was preferentially considered if the skin graft was not enough for all the wounds.Results: Most of the skin grafts survived and the donor sites on the back healed very well.The patients were followed up for six months to three years,which revealed that the skin grafts remained soft without dysfunction and the scar hyperplasia was mild on the donor site.Conclusion: The back donor site supplies larger-area skin with good quality.The donor site heals fast.After healing,patients could sleep on back and compress the scar so as to prevent scar hyperplasia,and the scar does not affect the patient's appearance.With all these advantages,the back donor site is a good choice for repairing Ⅲ?burn wound in children.

The distribution and evolution of immunocytes in infantile hemangioma / 医学研究生学报

Objective:To investigate the distribution and evolution of immunocytes in infantile hemangioma(IH).Methods:Fifty-two infantile hemangioma samples were investigate.The distribution of CD3+T cells,CD8+T cells and S-100+dendritic cell(DC) in IH was observed with.Results:CD3+T cell was not found among the earliest IH.In the middle proliferating stage,the number of CD3+T cells increased;But the CD8+T cells were still scare.In the late proliferating stage,there were many CD3+T cells and the number of CD8+T cells also increased.In the early involuting stage,there were still a number of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells around the microvessels.In the middle involuting and involuted stage,only a few of CD3+T cells and CD8+ T cells existed.In the early proliferating stage,there were some DC in IH.During the middle and late proliferating stage,the number of DC increased significantly.Since the early involuting stage,the DCs decreased rapidly and disappeared.Conclusion:The distribution of T cells and its subsets and DC have close relationship with the pathologic evolution of infantile hemangioma.