Does resveratrol reduce cisplatin-induced ovarian damage?

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the protectiveness of resveratrol on cisplatin-induced damage to the ovary using experimental models. METHODS: A total of 30 female Wistar-Albino rats constituted the research material. The rats were categorized into three groups: Group 1 was administered one milliliter of 0.9% NaCl solution, Group 2 was administered 7.5 mg/kg cisplatin, and Group 3 was administered 7.5 mg/kg cisplatin and 10 mg/kg resveratrol. Ovaries were extirpated in all groups and subjected to biochemical and histopathological tests. Cisplatin-induced damage to ovarian tissue was graded and scored as the total histopathological findings score. The ovarian function was assessed using immunohistochemical staining for c-kit expression. Rats' malondialdehyde, catalase, and superoxide dismutase levels were determined. RESULTS: The histopathological finding score was significantly higher in Group 2 than in other groups (p<0.05). The superoxide dismutase and catalase levels were significantly higher in Group 3 than in Group 2 (p<0.001 for both cases). The malondialdehyde level was significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 3 (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The study findings demonstrated that resveratrol reduced ovarian injury and enhanced biochemical parameters following cisplatin-induced ovary damage in experimental models.

Investigation of the effect of gestational diabetes on fetal cardiac tissue in streptozotocin induced in rats

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the cause of congenital anomalies resulted from gestational diabetes on fetal cardiac tissue in experimental animal study model. Methods: Totally 12 female Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups, each consisting of 6 rats. Streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to the study group by dissolving in citrate solution. The rats with a blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL and above were considered to be diabetic rats. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidative stress (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) values were calculated in the cardiac tissues and maternal serum samples of the fetuses delivered by cesarean section after the mating process. The cardiac tissues were also subjected to histopathological examination. Results: TOS and OSI values in fetal cardiac tissues of the diabetic rats were found to be significantly higher than that of the control group (p=0.026 and p=0.005). Histopathological examination revealed that the mitotic index was lower and the cell organization was found to be damaged in the fetuses of the study group rats. Conclusion: Increased levels of free oxygen radicals considered to be due to hyperglycemia may cause congenital anomalies, especially during organogenesis period, by disrupting cell homeostasis and adversely affecting mitosis.

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infection: an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with poststernotomy mediastinitis

The mortality rate of patients with poststernotomy mediastinitis remains very high. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with mortality in these patients. Surveillance of sternal surgical-site infections including mediastinitis was carried out for adult patients undergoing a sternotomy between 2004 and 2012. Criteria from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were used to make the diagnosis. All data on patients with a diagnosis of mediastinitis who were included in the study and on mortality risk factors were obtained from the hospital database and then analyzed using SPPS 16.0 for Windows. Of the 19,767 patients undergoing open heart surgery, 117 [0.39%] had poststernotomy mediastinitis; 32% of these 117 died. The independent risk factors for mortality were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] [odds ratio [OR] 12.11 and 95% confidence interval [Cl] 3.15-46.47], intensive-care unit stays >48 h after the first operation [OR 11.21 and 95% Cl 3.24-38.84] and surgery that included valve replacement [OR 6.2 and 95% Cl 1.44-27.13]. The mortality rate decreased significantly, dropping from 38% [34/89] between 2004 and 2008 to 14% [4/28] between 2009 and 2012 [p = 0.018]. In this study, elimination of MRSA from the hospital setting decreased the rate of mortal-ity in patients with poststernotomy mediastinitis