Analysis of risk factors of abdominal wound dehiscence after radical cystectomy

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Wound dehiscence is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors and comorbidities in the patients undergoing radical cystectomy with early postoperative wound dehiscence. METHODS: In all, 539 patients with bladder cancer who underwent radical cystectomy and urinary diversion at a single center between January 2008 and January 2022 were included in the study. The data related to the demographics, medical history, and perioperative clinical features were reviewed. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for wound dehiscence. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 64.2 years (22-91). The mean body mass index was 26.4 kg/m2 (18.7-35.4). Wound dehiscence was observed in 43 (7.9%) of 539 patients. The patients with wound dehiscence had significantly higher mean BMI (27.8 vs. 26.3, p=0.006), ASA scores (p=0.002), history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (30.2 vs. 14.3%, p=0.006), diabetes mellitus (44.2 vs. 17.9%, p=0.003), previous abdominal surgery (18.6 vs. 7.7%, p=0.014), and postoperative ileus (58.1 vs. 16.9%, p=0.006). In the multivariable regression model, diabetes mellitus (odds ratio [OR] 4.9, 95%CI 2.3-10.1; p<0.001), postoperative ileus (OR 8.1, 95%CI 4.1-16.5; p<0.001), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR 2.6, 95%CI 1.2-5.7; p=0.013) were independent predictors of abdominal wound dehiscence following radical cystectomy. CONCLUSION: Diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and postoperative ileus were strongly associated with abdominal wound dehiscence following radical cystectomy. Both potential preventive and therapeutic interventions may decrease the risk of wound dehiscence.

Postchemotherapy retroperitoneal residual mass resection for germ cell testicular tumors: a single-center experience

SUMMARY Objective: Postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (PC-RPLND) plays an important role in the management of advanced germ cell testicular tumors. Bilateral template lymph node dissection is considered a standard treatment in postchemotherapy residual masses; however, modified unilateral templates have gained acceptance in patients with unilateral residual disease. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the perioperative and oncological outcomes of the patients with advanced testicular cancer who underwent unilateral modified template PC-RPLND in our center. Methods: This is a retrospective study in which patients who underwent PC-RPLND in a referred center between 2004 and 2021 were investigated. All patients had three or four cycles of chemotherapy and retroperitoneal residual masses. Data were retrospectively collected from medical, operative, radiology, and pathology records and analyzed. Results: A total of 57 patients underwent PC-RPLND. The mean age was 32.7±8.1 years (19-50). According to the disease stage at presentation, there were 39 patients with stage 2 and 18 patients with stage 3. The average tumor size after chemotherapy was 57.6±2.7 mm (25-117). The overall complication rate was 35% (20/57 patients). No grade 4 and 5 complications were observed. Pathologic review demonstrated the presence of teratoma in 28 (49.1%) patients, fibrosis and/or necrosis in 15 (26.3%) patients, and viable germ cell tumor in 14 (24.5%) patients. The mean follow-up was 69.4 months (8-201). During follow-up after surgery, 14 (24.5%) deaths occurred due to advanced disease. Conclusion: PC-RPLND is a major component of the management of advanced testicular germ cell cancer. Our study demonstrated that modified unilateral template is an effective and safe procedure in the postchemotherapy setting for selected patients.

Biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy: is the disease or the surgeon to blame?

PURPOSE: The PSA recurrence develops in 27 to 53 percent within ten years after radical prostatectomy (RP). We investigated the factors (disease grade and stage or the surgeon's expertise,) more likely to influence biochemical recurrence in men post-radical prostatectomy for organ-confined prostate cancer by different surgeons in the same institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 510 patients that underwent radical prostatectomy were investigated retrospectively. Biochemical recurrence was defined as detection of a PSA level of > 0.20 ng/mL by two subsequent measurements. The causes, which are likely to influence the development of PSA recurrence, were separated into two groups as those related to the disease and those related to the surgical technique. RESULTS: Biochemical recurrence was detected in 23.5 percent (120 cases) of 510 cases. The parameters most likely to influence biochemical recurrence were: PSA level (p < 0.0001), T stage (p < 0.0001), the presence of extracapsular invasion prostate (p < 0.0001), Gleason scores (p = 0.042, p < 0.0001) and the presence of biopsy with perineural invasion (p = 0.03). The only surgical factor that demonstrated relevance was inadvertent capsular incision during the surgery that influenced the PSA recurrence (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The PSA recurrence was detected in 21.6 percent of patients who had been treated with radical prostatectomy within 5 years, which indicates that the parameters related to the disease and the patient have a pivotal role in the PSA recurrence.

Why do men refuse prostate cancer screening? Demographic analysis in Turkey.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men, with a high incidence rates in Turkey. However, the early detection and diagnosis rates are considerably lower among Turkish men as compared with their counterparts in Western countries. This fact reflects a lack of awareness and fear of prostate cancer as well as low prevention activities. To reduce the disparities in prostate cancer survival, there is a great need to increase men's participation in screening programs. The present study was performed to assess why men do not seek screening or participate in screening programs, focusing on the demographics of men refusing a free screening program for prostate cancer.