Relative performance of wheat genotypes under individual and combined water deficit and salinity stress

Ascertaining the genetic variability and its relationships among valuable genetic resources is important for crop improvement programme. Here, we assessed the response of eleven wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes using cluster and principal component analysis (PCA) based on morphophysiological data and yield under nine different environments. Wheat genotype WH 1080 maintained higher photosynthetic efficiency under individual stress of 50% water deficit (drought) and 100 mM NaCl (salt), whereas under interactive stresses KRL 370 and KRL 283 were found to be the best genotypes. The highest value of Na+/K+ ratio in shoots was recorded for WH 1080 (1.167) and lowest in KRL 283 (0.612) under combined stresses. Proline accumulation was maximum in KRL 330 (3.17 mg g-1 FW) and minimum in KRL 283 (2.8 mg g-1 FW). Significantly higher reduction (73.4%) was observed in HD 2009 for grain weight/plant at 100 mM NaCl + 50% WD stress treatment whereas minimum reduction of 39.18% was recorded in KRL 370 in comparison to the control treatment. The PCA showed that the first three components comprising about 91% of the total variation for which the variables were analyzed. AMMI model revealed KRL 210 to be stable genotype as being close to center on biplot. E5 environment (100 mM NaCl) was most stable followed by E9 (50% WD + 100 mM NaCl). HD 2888, C-306, HD 2851 and HD 2009 were having positive interaction with E1 (Control) whereas WH 1080 had positive interaction with water deficit environments i.e. E2 and E3 (25 and 50% WD) while KRL 433 had highest positive interaction with combined water deficit and salt stress environments E6, E7, E8 and E9, followed by KRL 370. Similarly, KRL 283, KRL 330, KRL 210 and Kharchia 65 had high positive interaction with saline environments E4 and E5. Findings of the experiment would be beneficial to wheat breeders, specifically the location-specific promising genotypes could possibly be used to develop/breed MAGIC populations to tag genes/alleles conferring drought and salinity tolerance.

Role of Chemical Vasectomy by using Various Chemical Agents as a Method of Male Sterilisation

Introduction: Chemical vasectomy being a non-surgicalprocedure is safe, convenient and functionally reliable, havingfewer complications in comparison to surgical vasectomy.Therefore aim of present study was to develop a simple nonsurgical technique of male sterility which consists of injectionof chemical agents, sclerosant, inducing the obstruction ofvas, through the skin of the scrotum directly.Material and Methods: Present clinical study was carriedout on the cases of benign hyperplasia of prostate, admitted insurgical wards of L.L.R Hospital, Kanpur for Prostatectomyduring the period of August 1982 to June 1983. Forty fivepatients were classified in 3 equal groups by using threedifferent chemical agents.Results: Best results were achieved with 0.2ml, since itobliterated about 1 cm of vas in each case sufficient length tobring about satisfactory obliteration. Quantity more than 0.2ml up to 0.3 ml was useful but more than 0.3 ml was not ableto obliterate length of vas in proportion to quantity.Conclusion: Best chemical appears to be 95% ethanolhaving better results than other two chemical agents and leastcomplications were observed with 95% ethanol.