Clinico-Epidemiological and Pathological Characteristics of Breast Cancer in Young Women (<40 Years)

Breast cancer in young women (BCYW) is showing an increasing trend in incidence among women of India and other Asian countries compared to western countries. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on total 579 patients treated between January 2010 and December 2017 to evaluate the clinico-epidemiological and pathological characteristics in BCYW. Cases were divided into two groups i.e the younger (<40 years) and the older (≥40 years) age group. Data were analyzed by chi square test using IBM SPSS version 21 for windows. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The breast cancer in younger women (<40 years) was found in 20.2% of cases and was found to have greater proportion of unmarried women (p=0.002), higher frequency of nulliparity (p=0.006), greater incidence of bilateral breast cancer (p=0.017), greater incidence of multifocal or multicentric tumour (p=0.033), higher grade tumours (p=0.007), advanced T stage (p=0.003), advanced N stage (p=0.012) and overall advanced TNM stage (p=0.011) at diagnosis, higher frequency of lymphovascular invasion (p=0.00013), higher frequency of estrogen and progesterone receptor negativity (p=0.0005 and 0.0001 respectively). HER-2 expression rate was not found different between the two groups, whereas its expression rate was found significantly lower among women of age >50 years at diagnosis (p=0.001). Higher frequency of triple negative breast cancer was found in the younger age group (33.3% vs. 19.3%, p=0.001). Conclusions: Advanced stage presentation of BCYW warrants inclusion of younger age women in breast cancer screening and encouraging for breast self-examination.

Intracranial Germ Cell Tumour with extra cranial extension in a four month old infant – a case report.

Germ cell tumours of the central nervous system infiltrating the ipsilateral extracranial tissues are not a common presentation. A case of intracranial germ cell tumour with extracranial extension in a four month old infant is reported. The patient had undergone excision of the extracranial lesion followed by combination chemotherapy. Twelve months after the completion of the treatment the patient is doing fine and is on regular follow up.

Intra-abdominal desmoplastic small cell tumour--a case report.

Intra-abdominal desmoplastic small cell tumour is a rare malignant neoplasm of childhood. We report a case of this uncommon tumour in a 14-year-old boy. The tumour originated from transverse mesocolon. The case is notable because there was no pain and ascites on presentation and there was transmural infiltration of the transverse colon.