RESUMO
Acne vulgaris is a type of chronic disease of the skin which is mainly caused by the blockage in the sebaceous gland or having any inflammation in those glands which is together is known as pilosebaceous units. It mainly affects the areas having the highest number of sebaceous follicles; those are the face, the back and upper region of the chest. It is a disease that mainly affects the adolescent age group but can be found in any age group. These are present as inflammatory pustules, papules, cysts and nodules, non-inflammatory closed comedones (whiteheads), ripen comedones (blackheads), or a mixture of lesions. Acne is most commonly seen in almost every human being at some point in their lives. There are 20-25 chances of progression of acne to the severe case which leads to permanent scarring. These complications lead to psychological problems like depression, social isolation, lowered self-esteem, and lowered self-confidence. The aim of treating acne is to prevent severe and long-term complications. The present review focuses on novel drug delivery systems for the treatment of acne. It also includes conventional treatments currently available in the market, its limitation and different strategies to overcome these
RESUMO
Solid dispersions (SDs) are resulted by dispersion of drug in biologically inert matrix. They can be used to increase the solubility of a drug with low aqueous solubility, thereby improving its oral bioavailability. Higher drug dissolution rates from a SD can be facilitated by optimizing the wetting characteristics of the compound surface, as well as increasing the interfacial area available for drug dissolution. Although the latter can be easily accomplished by, for example: decreasing the particle size of the drug powder but micronized powders may result in further complications as they occasionally tend to agglomerate. A more preferable solution would be to introduce the drug in the form of a molecular dispersion. The aim of present study was to enhance the dissolution rate of diclofenac a practically less water-soluble drug. The same was done by preparation of solid dispersions of the drug employing different ratios of established polymers. This was done by using polymers namely; hydrophilic polymer β-cyclodextrins, PVP and PEG. The kneading method was used to prepare solid dispersions in various ratios with polymer. The dissolution data was studied for all the three formulations. The data obtained was compared with that of physical mixtures containing drug, polymer and lactose in the same ratio as that of solid dispersions. The dissolution data showed that best release was obtained in formulation f1 containing beta –cyclodextrins, PVP and PEG as polymer. The comparative data showed 98% release at approximately 4 hours with polymer β –cyclodextrins, whereas, 90% and 88% release were obtained using PEG and PVP respectively in the same time frame.