A study of pattern of vitamin D deficiency in newborns with reference to its gestational age and birth weight

Background: Deficiency of Vitamin D is a prominent health problem globally and its severity is significant in countries like India regardless of age, gender, race and geographical distribution. It is presently the most untreated nutritional deficiency worldwide. Vitamin D during pregnancy has an increasingly recognized range of functions such as' immune modulation, lung development etc. Hence, having the potential to' influence many factors in the developing fetus. Effects of vitamin D deficiency on fetal health is abundant; some being for brief period' of' time' and others may become apparent in later life. Objectives of this study the pattern of vitamin D deficiency in newborns with reference to its gestational age and birth weight.Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective observational study. Total 100 neonates born at MMIMSR, Ambala were enrolled out of which 50 were term and 50 preterm.Results: Out of 100 newborns delivered, 53 newborns were vitamin D deficient. Premature' newborns having 32 (60%) and term newborn having 21 (40%) were found to be deficient in vitamin D. Mean 25 (OH) levels were 21.81 ng/dl.Conclusions: More than half newborns were deficient in vitamin D. Premature newborns had relatively low levels as compared to the term newborns and the' difference' between' two were found' statistically significant.

A Radiographic Assessment of Morphological Diversity of Soft Palate in Darbhanga (Bihar) Population: An Original Research

Introduction: Soft palate (velar) plays an important function in head and neck region. Its diverse morphology is implicated invarious diseases.Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological variants of soft palate in each group of normal,oral submucous fibrosis, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphologicvariations of velar using digital lateral cephalogram.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the department of oral medicine and radiology and department of publichealth dentistry. Three groups were made, each of 50 patients. The soft palate morphology was evaluated according to theclassification given by You et al.Statistical Analysis: The collected data were subsequently processed and analyzed using the SPSS statistical packageversion 17.Results: We found that most common soft palate morphology in Group I was rat-tail, whereas in Group II and Group III, themost common morphology was leaf shape.Conclusion: Soft palate has different morphology. It may help in successful functional and structural repair in cleft palate casesand shed some light toward the cause of OSA and related disorders.

A Radiographic Study to Evaluate the Course and Visibility of the Mandibular Canal in Darbhanga Population: An Original Research

Introduction: Mandibular canal or inferior alveolar canal isan important anatomical landmark in mandible which containsneurovascular bundles. Mandibular canal is considered asreference anatomical landmark in maxillofacial surgeries.The aim of this study was to evaluate the course and visibilityof the mandibular canal in Darbhanga (Bihar) populationon digital panoramic radiographs, and the objective was toassess the normal variation of mandibular canal on panoramicradiographsMaterial and Methods: A total of 500 panoramic radiographswere selected from the archives of our department as softcopies. The course of mandibular canal was evaluated onpanoramic radiographs. The collected data were subsequentlyprocessed and analyzed using SPSS statistical package version17.Results: We found that elliptic curve is most common curve.Visibility of mandibular canal is more in the third molarregion compared to first molar region. Conclusion: In thepresent study, most common curve was elliptic curve (64.8%)followed by linear curve (22.2%). Visibility of mandibularcanal in third molar region was 98.1%. In both gender, ellipticcurve was most common curve.

A Radiographic Study on the Visualization of the Anterior Loop in Darbhanga Population - An Original Research

Introduction: Knowledge of alveolar loop of inferior alveolarcanal is important to prevent any post operative complicationsafter mandibular surgery or any prosthesis placement inmandible parasymphysis region. The aim of this study wasto visualize anterior loop in Darbhanga (Bihar) populationon digital orthopantomogram radiographs and the objectivewas to evaluate the frequency of anterior loop in different agegroups on digital orthopantomogram radiographs.Material and Methods: The study was done in the Departmentof Oral Medicine and Radiology and Department of PublicHealth Dentistry. A total of 303 panoramic radiographs wereexamined by a single radiologist. Anterior loop was examinedin all 303 radiographs. The collected data were subsequentlyprocessed and analyzed using SPSS statistical package version17.Results: We found that anterior loop was visible in 39.6%of population. Anterior loop was most commonly seen inyounger age group. As the age advanced visibility of anteriorloop was reduced.Conclusion: In the present study, a total of 606 sites wereexamined on radiographs. Out of 156 male subjects, anteriorloop was visible in 68 subjects and out of 147 female subjects,anterior loop was visible in 52 subjects only. Visibility ofanterior loop in subjects aged 50 or more than 50 years wasseen in only 9 subjects.

Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma: A Rare Case Report

Minor salivary gland carcinomas are rarely reported. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is one of the most common salivary gland malignancies. MEC accounts for 1% to 2% of major salivary gland neoplasms and 9% of minor gland tumors. It is most commonly seen in the parotid gland and usually appears as asymptomatic swelling. However, the palate is a frequent site when it occurs in the minor salivary glands. Follow-up of the patient is very important as local recurrence rate with conservative treatment is high. Here we are reporting a low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma involving palatal region in a 25-years-old female patient. The patient presented with a fast-growing swelling, invading the underlying anatomical structures and was treated successfully through the antrostomy procedure

In vitro assessment of antimicrobial activity of the selected essential oils.

The present study evaluates the antimicrobial activity of three essential oils of Eucalyptus globulus, Eugenia caryophyllata and Psoralea corylifolia. The agar well diffusion method was used to assess the antimicrobial activity against five selected microorganisms S. aureus and B. subtilis (Gram-positive bacteria); E. coli and P. aeruginosa (Gram-negative bacteria) and P. chrysogenum (Fungus). The results revealed that the E. globulus was found to be most significant in comparison to the other oils. All the three oils have revealed higher antimicrobial activity against S. aureus.