RESUMO
Obesity is a major public health problem. It causes a significant morbidity and mortality. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents aged (10-19 years) and to describe certain socio-economic, demographic characteristics related to overweight and obesity among adolescents. Methods: A Community Based Cross Sectional Study conducted at the Field Practice Area of Urban Health Training Centre. A total of 900 adolescents between 10-19 years were enrolled. Parameters of height, weight and waist circumference and hip circumference were measured and recorded. Following the completion of the questionnaire, the results were compared against the body mass index (BMI). Questions from the GSHS (Global School- based student health survey) Questionnaire were also applied. Results: The present study showed that out of 900 participants, 167 (18.5%) were overweight while 51 (5.8%) were obese. So, the total prevalence of overweight and obesity was 24.3% (95% CI= 21.4 – 27.5). It was found that the prevalence of overweight and obesity was more in boys compared to girls. The present study found a positive association of overweight and obesity with age, SES. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight and obesity were high among boys and need to be addressed by primary and secondary methods of levels of prevention.
RESUMO
Breast cancer (BC) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The early detection of BC and its early and adequate treatment increases the chance of survival of patients. Breast Health Global Initiative guidelines for low and middle income countries suggests that diagnosing BC early by promoting self awareness and clinical breast examination (CBE) will reduce BC mortality. There is a paucity of data related to knowledge and awareness of BC in Bihar. We designed this hospital based cross sectional descriptive study to evaluate the current status of knowledge; attitude and practices (KAP) related to BC in the female rural population attending a tertiary care teaching hospital in Rohtas, Bihar. Methods: A random sampling was done to identify and enrol 400 women and their female relatives. Women who had already undergone a screening mammography or had a BC were excluded from the study sample. The data was collected by a self-administered questionnaire in local vernacular language. Results: The mean age of study population was 45.21 (±10.2) years. Only 5 (1.25%) females had a family history of BC. A whopping 82.75% of women did not have any knowledge about BC. Almost all of the women had firm belief that CBE by doctors was the only way for detecting BC. Conclusion: It is imperative to increase awareness about BC and its early detection methods in the community through health education campaigns. The government should have major policy changes to increase future screening programmes which could have an overall positive impact on reducing the BC burden in community.