Laparoscopic cholecystectomy with or without percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage for acute severe cholecystitis: a meta-analysis / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective@#To compare laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) with or without percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGD) for acute severe cholecystitis.@*Methods@#According to the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 articles were selected for this meta-analysis. All patients were treated with LC with or without PTGD. A meta-analysis was used to analyze the clinical efficacy.@*Results@#Compared with LC, all the surgical indicators of LC with PTGD were significantly better than LC alone (all P≤0.05), including the operation time: 95%CI(-27.24, -9.27); intraoperative blood loss: 95%CI(-50.25, -40.19); postoperative hospital stay: 95%CI(-3.63, -0.64); rates of conversion to open abdomen: OR=0.48, 95%CI(0.32, 0.74); rates of incision infection: OR=0.49, 95%CI(0.25, 0.99); drainage tube indwelling time: 95%CI(-2.07, -1.19); gastrointestinal function recovery time: 95%CI(-1.73, -0.77); rates of bile leakage: OR=0.23, 95%CI(0.12, 0.44); and rates of complications: OR=0.36, 95%CI(0.27, 0.48).@*Conclusion@#Compared with LC alone, PTGD+ LC is the preferred treatment for acute severe cholecystitis.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy with or without percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage for acute severe cholecystitis:a meta-analysis / 中华肝胆外科杂志

0bjective To compare laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)with or without percutane-ous transhepatic gallbladder drainage(PTGD)for acute severe ch01ecystitis.Methods According to the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.23 articles were selected for this meta.analysis.A1l patients were treated with LC with or without PTGD.A meta-analysis was used to analyze the clinical efficacy.Results Compared with LC.a11 the surgical indicators of LC with PIGD were significantly better than LC alone(all P≤0.05),including the operation time:95％CI(-27.24,-9.27);intraoperative blood loss:95％CI(-50.25,-40.19);postoperative hospital stay:95％CI(-3.63,-O.64);rates of conversion to open abdomen:OR=0.48,95％CI(0.32.0.74);rates of incision infection:OR=0.49,95％CI(0.25,O.99);drainage tube indwelling time:95％CI(-2.07,-1.19);gastrointestinal function recovery time:95％CI(-1.73,-0.77);rates of bile leakage:OR=0.23,95％CI(0.12,0.44);and rates of compli-cations:OR=0.36.95％CI(0.27,0.48).Conclusion Compared with LC alone,PTGD+LC is the preferred treatment for acute severe cholecystitis.

Progess of the broad spectrum anti-viral effect of ginsenosides / 国际中医中药杂志

Ginseng is a precious herbal medicine and can treat many diseases. Ginsenosides, the major components of ginseng, have various biological activities. This review aims at describing the antiviral inhibitory of ginsenosides through summarizing the research progress on different virus such as hepatitis virus, respiratory virus, herpesvirus and HIV.

Tat-based cell-cell fusion method for screening HIV-1 fusion inhibitors / 生物工程学报

An HIV-1 cell-cell fusion system was developed to screen HIV-1 entry inhibitors that block cell-cell fusion. In this system, the pEGFP-Tat plasmid was constructed and cotransfected into effector cells (HEK-293T) with HIV-1 envelope plasmid. TZM-bl cell, a genetically engineered cell line that expresses CD4, CXCR4, CCR5 as well as Tat-inducible β-galactosidase and luciferase reporter gene, was used as target cell. Thus, the co-culture of target cells and effector cells allows the cell fusion via Env and the activity of the fusion inhibitor can be quantified by measuring the reporter protein expression. The experimental parameters were optimized and 11 anti-HIV-1 agents including CCR5 antagonist maraviroc, reverse transcription inhibitor zidovudine (AZT) and integrase inhibitor raltegravir were tested. The result showed that the system exhibited high specificity and sensitivity. Two of eight tested anti-HIV-1 agents were found to block the cell-cell fusion. The system is suitable for efficient screening of HIV-1 cell-cell fusion inhibitors.

Review of Social Trust Mechanism and Doctor-patient Trust Evaluation / 中国医学伦理学

Objective:Through literature search,this paper aims to understand the current situation of social trust mechanism and the research progress of trust evaluation methods,and thus to provide theoretical reference for further researches.Methods:Using the literature search method,this paper sorted out,analyzed and concluded the domestic and foreign literatures and information about social trust mechanism and trust evaluation.Results:The domestic research on social trust mechanism could be mainly divided into two parts,while the foreign research path was different and mainly related to the field of electronic commerce,government departments,medical behavior,and so on.Evaluation methods in doctor-patient trust mainly included trust scale evaluation and trust model.Conclusion:There is a certain development of the domestic researches on social trust mechanism and evaluation,but still need further improvement.The limitation of doctor-patient trust evaluation is prominent and efforts should be made to research on the improvement measures of medical social trust mechanism.

Construction and Function Verification of a Novel Shuttle Vector Containing a Marker Gene Self-deletion System / 病毒学报

For rapid and accurate screening of recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (rMVA) that satisfied the quality standards of clinical trials, a novel shuttle vector that can delete the marker gene automatically during virus propagation was construted: pZL-EGFP. To construct the pZL-EGFP, the original shuttle vector pSC11 was modified by replacing the LacZ marker gene with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and then inserting homologous sequences of TKL into the flank regions of EGFP. Baby hamster kidney (BHK)-21 cells were cotransfected with pZL-EGFP and MVA, and underwent ten passages and one plaque screening to obtain the EGFP-free rMVA carrying the exogenous gene. Resulting rMVA was tested by polymerase chain reaction and western blotting to verify pZL-EGFP function. A novel shuttle vector pZL-EGFP containing an EGFP marker gene which could be deleted automatically was constructed. This gene deletion had no effect on the activities of rMVA, and the exogenous gene could be expressed stably. These results suggest that rMVA can be packaged efficiently by homologous recombination between pZL-EGFP and MVA in BHK-21 cells, and that the carried EGFP gene can be removed automatically by intramolecular homologous recombination during virus passage. Meanwhile, the gene deletion had no influence on the activities of rMVA and the expression of exogenous target gene. This study lays a solid foundation for the future research.

Study on objective sleep disturbances in patients with Parkinson' s disease / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To investigate the characteristics of the objective sleep disturbances in Parkinson' s disease (PD) and the factors related to it.Methods One hundred and one PD patients and 90 age- and sex- matched controls underwent a video-polysomnography.The sleep parameters and its related factors in two groups were analyzed.Results Sleep latency was not statistically different in comparing two groups.PD patients had a higher percentage of non-rapid eye movement( non-REM ) sleep stage 1 and a lower percentage of non-REM sleep stage 2 compared with controls ( 27.9 ± 1 7.8 vs 21.2 ± 11.7,t =3.034,P =0.003 ;47.8 ± 17.4 vs 54.7 + 12.9,t =- 3.043,P =0.003 ).Reduced sleep efficiency,decreased the proportion of slow wave sleep and REM sleep,increased awake time and longer REM sleep latency occurred in PD patients.There were no significant differences of these above parameters.Some sleep parameters in PD patients were correlated with advancing age,the severity of PD,and the degree of depression.The index of periodic leg movements in sleep (PLMSI) of 41 PD patients (40.6％ ) was more than 15.These PD patients didn' t complain corresponding symptoms about their legs.The PLMSI in PD patients were significantly higher than the controls.PLMSI increased with aging in the PD group( r =0.261,P ＜0.01 ).PD patients didn' t suffer significantly lower apnea- hypopnea index and oxygen desaturation index.The lowest SPO2 ( L-SPO2 ) increased in the PD group.REM sleep without atonia occurred in 83 patients (82.2％) with PD.Thirty-eight patients (37.6％) were diagnosed with REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD).The incidences of REM without atonia and RBD in the PD group were significantly higher than in the control s(0 and 8 patients (8.9％),x2 =42.271,102.480; both P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The sleep parameters in PD patients are changed.For PD patients,there is no difficulty in falling asleep.The PD patients also have sleep structure disorder and difficulty in maintaining sleep.The sleep parameters are correlated with advancing age,the severity of PD,and the degree of depression in PD.PLMS don' t lead to sleep disturbances in PD patients.The blood oxygen saturation don' t decrease severely when PD patients suffer apnea or hypopnea.RBD occur more frequently in PD patients.