Xiaoai Jiedu Prescription-containing Serum Enhances Lethal Effect of NK Cells on Colon Cancer Cells / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the influence of Xiaoai Jiedu prescription （XJP）-containing serum on natural killer （NK） cells′ lethal effect on colon cancer cells and the molecular mechanism. MethodXJP-containing serum （0.1%， 0.5%， 1%， 5%， 10%） was used to treat HCT-116 cells and NK-92MI cells respectively for 24 h， and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） assay was employed to detect cell proliferation. Then， low-concentration （0.1%， 0.5%， 1%） XJP-containing serum was selected to treat co-cultured HCT-116 cells and NK-92MI cells for 24 h and calcein acetoxymethyl ester/propidium iodide （Calcein-AM/PI） was applied to detect the killing effect of NK cells on colon cancer cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis of colon cancer cells， Western blot the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 （STAT4） pathway-related proteins， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） the secretion of interferon （IFN）-γ. ResultHigh-concentration （5%， 10%） XJP-containing serum inhibited the proliferation of HCT-116 and NK-92MI cells （P<0.01）， while low-concentration （0.1%， 0.5%， 1%） XJP-containing serum had no obvious influence on cell proliferation compared with the blank group. As compared with the blank group， low-concentration XJP-containing serum enhanced the killing activity of NK cells against colon cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner （P<0.01）， and induced apoptosis of colon cancer cells （P<0.01）. Moreover， XJP-containing serum （0.1%， 0.5%， 1%） down-regulated the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 （Bcl-2） and B-cell lymphoma-extra large （Bcl-xl）， and up-regulated the expression of Bcl-2-associated X （Bax） compared with the blank group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the co-culture group， XJP-containing serum （0.1%， 0.5%， 1%） increased the expression of p-STAT4 and IFN-γ （P<0.05）. ELISA result showed that XJP-containing serum （0.1%， 0.5%， 1%） raised IFN-γ secretion （P<0.01）. ConclusionXJP-containing serum can enhance the activity of NK cells to kill colon cancer cells. The mechanism is the likelihood that it activates STAT4 pathway， increases IFN-γ secretion by NK cells， down-regulates the expression of Bcl-xl and Bcl-2， and up-regulates the expression of Bax， thereby promoting the apoptosis of colon cancer cells.

Development of an Anterior Foot Drop Ankle Foot Orthosis with Adjustable Stiffness / 医用生物力学

Objective For patients with foot drop gait, to design a kind of anterior ankle foot orthosis (AFO) with adjustable stiffness, so as to restore natural gait of the ankle by limiting the patients’ unusual plantar flexion to the optimum extent. Methods The minimum orthodontic moment of 10 foot drop male patients was measured by self-made experimental equipment, which could be used to select optimum material modulus of the AFO. The relationship between elastic modulus and different filling structures and filling ratio parameters was studied by tensile test. A typical patient with foot drop was selected, and the anterior AFO fitting the shape of patient’s foot was quickly made by three-dimensional (3D) printing with foot geometric data and specific filling material, filling structure and filling rate. The kinematics and surface electromyography (sEMG) of plantar flexors were tested under barefoot and wearing two kinds of AFOs, so as to verify the effect of the AFO on plantar flexion. The effectiveness of the limitation and the degree of preservation of ankle valgus and plantar flexion were discussed. Results The minimum corrective torque required for 10 male patients with foot drop was 2.16 N·m. Compared with the rigid AFO, the range of motion (ROM) of plantar flexion and valgus increased by 67.8% and 88.6% respectively with the flexible AFO. The activation of the muscles responsible for plantar flexion (soleus, medial head of gastrocnemius and lateral head of gastrocnemius) also decreased by 38.3%, 46.6% and 55.8%. Conclusions This AFO with adjustable stiffness can be used for orthosis customization of patients with foot drop, providing more effective and long-term orthosis function and potential.

An Intelligent Arch Diagnostic Method Based on Principal Component Analysis of Plantar Pressure Distribution / 医用生物力学

Objective According to clinical demand of quantification evaluation on flat foot and high arch, an intelligent and rapid method to diagnose arch shape based on principal component analysis (PCA) of plantar pressure is proposed, and its clinic validity is tested. Methods Volunteers diagnozed as abnormal arch and healthy arch were included in this study, and a portable intelligent arch test system was designed and developed. By adopting thin-firm piezoresistive sensor array with 44 rows, 52 columns of sensing units, the system could collect plantar pressure distribution data from the subjects under static standing. Foot axis could be fitted automatically by using the self-programmed PCA, so that foot diagnosis was completed with diagnostic report. The plantar pressure results from the system were compared with those from the existing plantar pressure acquisition device, so as to verify precision of collected data. The accuracy of the diagnosis algorithm for flat foot, high arch and healthy foot was verified through comparison with clinical diagnosis. Results The result of the system had a good correlation with that of the existing plantar pressure acquisition device, the deviation of contact area acquired by the system was smaller than 3.2%, and the angle deviation of the fitted foot axis with clinically defined angel was less than 1°. The system was capable of making diagnosis on arch shape that was 92.6% consistent with the clinical diagnosis. Conclusions PCA is introduced to automatically fit foot axis to achieve the purpose of fast and accurate extraction of foot arch information. The method can be used to assist clinical diagnosis of flat foot and high arch foot, and contribute to quantative analysis on foot arch deformity and its pathogenesis study.

Effect of etomidate and dexamethasone on cortisol secretion in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effects of dexamethasone and etomidate on cortisol secretion in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia.Methods:One hundred and twenty-five elderly patients of either sex, aged 66-90 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠ-Ⅲ, undergoing minor and medium elective surgeries under general anesthesia, were allocated into 4 groups using a random number table method: propofol and normal saline group (group PN, n=31), propofol and etomidate group (group PD, n=31), etomidate and normal saline group (group EN, n=33) and etomidate and dexamethasone group (group ED, n=30). In PN and EN groups, propofol (2 mg/kg) was used to induce and maintain anesthesia, and normal saline 2 ml and dexamethasone 0.1 mg/kg were intravenously injected, respectively, at 5 min before anesthesia induction.In PD and ED groups, etomidate (0.2 mg/kg) was used to induce and maintain anesthesia, and normal saline 2 ml and dexamethasone 0.1 mg/kg were intravenously injected, respectively, at 5 min before anesthesia induction.The serum cortisol concentrations were measured at 8: 00 after entering the operating room on the morning of operation (T 1), 1 h after the start of anesthesia (T 2), 2 h after the start of anesthesia (T 3), 8: 00 on the next day ofoperation (T 4) and 8: 00 on the 2nd day of operation (T 5). Blood glucose concentrations were measured at T 1-T 3, and the hypotension during the peri-anesthesia period, nausea and vomiting in post-anesthesia care unit, and nausea and vomiting scores were recorded at 24 h after operation. Results:A total of 122 patients completed the trial.Compared with PN group, the concentration of serum cortisol was significantly decreased at T 2-T 5, blood glucose concentrations were increased at T 2 and T 3 ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the incidence of hypotension, nausea and vomiting and nausea and vomiting scores in PD group ( P>0.05), and the concentration of serum cortisol was significantly decreased at T 2-T 4, the incidence of hypotension was decreased ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the blood glucose concentrations, incidence of nausea and vomiting or nausea and vomiting scores in EN group ( P>0.05). Compared with ED group, the serum cortisol concentration was significantly increased at T 2 and T 3, the incidence of hypotension was increased, the incidence of nausea and vomiting and nausea and vomiting scores were decreased ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the blood glucose concentrations in PD group ( P>0.05), and the serum cortisol concentration was significantly decreased at T 2 and T 3 and increased at T 4 and T 5, the serum cortisol concentration was decreased at T 2 and T 3, and no significant change was found in the incidence of hypotension, nausea and vomiting and nausea and vomiting scores in EN group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Combination of etomidate and dexamethasone significantly enhances the duration and degree of inhibition of cortisol secretion in elderly patients than etomidate or dexamethasone alone.

Correlation analysis of choriocapillary blood flow area, diameter of ellipsoid zone absence and visual recovery in idiopathic macular hole / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective:To observe the changes of choriocapillary blood flow area (CBFA) and diameter of ellipsoid zone absence (DEZA) of eyes with idiopathic macular hole (IMH) before and after surgery and its correlation with visual function.Methods:A prospective study. From May 2019 to January 2020, 23 IMH patients (IMH group and fellow eyes group) diagnosed in the Department of Opthalmology of The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, and 30 age and gender-matched normal controls (30 eyes, control group) were included in this study. All patients were examined the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before and after surgery. The BCVA examination was performed using the international standard Snellen visual acuity chart, which was converted into logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) BCVA for record. CBFA and DEZA were obtained by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). CBFA was measured on the choriocapillary with a circle of 1.0 mm radius centered in the fovea. DEZA was the diameter of ellipsoid zone absence horizontally. The differences of CBFA and logMAR BCVA in the three groups, and the changes of CBFA, DEZA, logMAR BCVA in IMH group before and after surgery were analyzed. The measurement data between the three groups were compared by one-way analysis of variance, and the independent samples t test was used for the comparison between the two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used for the correlation between the index, multiple linear regression analysis were performed between postoperative visual acuity and preoperative parameters. Results:Before and 6 months after surgery, the logMAR BCVA in IMH group were 1.26±0.7 and 0.48±0.22, CBFA were 1.49±0.30 and 1.92±0.17 mm 2, DEZA were 1 080.22±576.98 and 433.78±423.04 μm, respectively. Compared with those before surgery, BCVA and CBFA were significantly improved, DEZA obviously decreased and the differences were statistically significant ( t=5.53, 7.77, 6.58; P<0.01). CBFA in IMH group was lower than fellow eyes group and control group, the difference was statistically significant ( F=14.13, P<0.01). After surgery, CBFA in IMH group increased similar to that of fellow eyes group ( t=4.32, P=0.37), but lower than that of control group with the significant difference ( t=4.07, P<0.01). The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that logMAR BCVA and DEZA were positively correlated ( r=0.69, 0.75; P<0.01), CBFA and DEZA were negatively correlated ( r= -0.49, -0.89; P<0.05) before and after surgery. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the postoperative logMAR BCVA was positively correlated with DEZA ( t=2.32, P=0.02). Conclusions:After surgery, BCVA and CBFA of IMH eyes are significantly increased, DEZA is obviously reduced. Before and after surgery, logMAR BCVA is positively correlated with DEZA, and CBFA is negatively correlated with DEZA.

Risk factors for complications of therapeutic endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVES@#To study the risk factors for complications after endoscopic therapy for upper gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions (SELs).@*METHODS@#Retrospective analysis was performed on 184 patients in the Department of Gastroenterology in the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University after therapeutic endoscopy [endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFR), endoscopic submucosal excavation (ESE), and submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER)] for the upper gastrointestinal SELs from 2014-09-01 to 2019-09-30. The clinic data were collected and risk factors for postoperative complications were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among the 184 patients, 22 patients were in the complication group (including 3 cases of delayed bleeding, 2 cases of delayed perforation, and 17 cases of electrocoagulation syndrome) and 162 patients were in the non-complication group. There was no significant difference between the complication group and the non-complication group in gender, age over 70 year, basic diseases, lesion location, lesion invasion layers, pathological results, endoscopic therapy, and preventive closure of wounds (all @*CONCLUSIONS@#For the patients with upper gastrointestinal SELs after endoscopic minimally invasive therapy with the lesion diameter over 40 mm and the operative time over 120 minutes, it needs to highly alert to the occurrence of postoperative complications.

Identification of a novel mutation in the BCS1L gene causing Bj(o)rnstad syndrome / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To identify gene mutations in the BCS1L gene in a patient with Bj(o)rnstad syndrome mainly manifesting as congenital pili torti and sensorineural hearing loss.Methods Clinical data were collected and DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of the patient and her parents.All the exons and their flanking sequences of the BCS1L gene were amplified by PCR followed by Sanger sequencing,and the sequencing results were compared with the normal sequences.A few hairs were collected from the patient,and examined by the scanning electron microscope.Results There were two mutations in BCS1L gene in the patient,i.e.,a heterozygous nonsense mutation in exon 4 and a heterozygous missense mutation in exon 8.The nonsense mutation in exon 4,which caused a change from CGA to TGA at position 144 and resulted in the substitution of arginine by termination codon (p.R144*),was a novel mutation in the BCS1L gene causing Bj(o)rnstad syndrome,and had never been repotted in the literature.The missense mutation in exon 8 led to a change from CGC to CAC at position 306 and resulted in the substitution of arginine by histidine (p.R306H).The patient's mother only carried a heterozygous mutation c.430 C＞T (p.R144*) in exon 4 of the BCS1L gene,and her father only carried a heterozygous mutation c.917 G＞A (p.R306H) in exon 8 of the BCS1L gene.Scanning electron microscopy showed that flats,grooves and longitudinal twisting irregu larly appeared at intervals on the surface of hair shafts.Conclusions A novel mutation in the BCS1L gene,which causes a change from CGA to TGA at position 144 in the BCS1L gene and results in a premature termination codon,is firstly reported in a patient with Bj(o)rnstad syndrome,and the compound heterozygous mutations c.430 C＞T and c.917 G＞A in the BCS1L gene are associated with the clinical manifestations of the patient.Genetic analvsis is helpful for the diagnosis of Bj(o)rnstad syndrome.

The characteristics of degree centrality and voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the functional connections of the whole brain and the two hemispheres in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods:Twenty-six patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder(patients group) and thirty-seven healthy controls matched in gender, age and education(control group) were enrolled.All the participants accepted the resting-state functional magnetic resonance (rs-fMRI) scan.Based on DPABI and REST software, degree centrality (DC) and voxel - mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) approaches were used to explore the pattern of functional connection in OCD.Results:Compared with the control group, the DC values in the right posterior cerebellar lobe(MNI: x, y, z=45, -87, -12), left precentral gyrus(MNI: x, y, z=-54, 9, 39), left inferior parietal lobule(MNI: x, y, z=-48, -51, 42), right anterior cingulate cortex(MNI: x, y, z=3, 18, 48) were significantly higher( t values were 5.75, 5.26, 5.28 and 5.16, respectively), and the DC values in the left inferior frontal gyrus(MNI: x, y, z=-36, 9, 30) were significantly lower( t value was -6.65) in patients group.The VMHC values in bilateral posterior cerebellar lobe(MNI: x, y, z=±51, -69, -33), bilateral inferior parietal lobule(MNI: x, y, z=±48, -51, 54), bilateral anterior cingulate cortex(MNI: x, y, z=±3, 21, 45)in patients group were significantly higher that those in control group( t values were 5.19, 5.19, 5.02, 5.02, 5.15 and 5.15, respectively). The DC and VMHC values in patients group were not significantly correlated with clinical symptoms(-0.23< r<0.19, P>0.05). Conclusion:OCD patients have abnormal connections between key brain network nodes and relevant brain regions, and functional connections have increased among multiple cerebral hemispheres.

Clinical evaluation of outcome of amniotic membrane transplantation combine with interferon eye drops for primary pterygium / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of the biological amniotic membrane transplantation combined with interferon α2b eye drops (interferon eye drops) in the treatment of primary pterygium.Methods:A randomized controlled clinical trial was used, 49 patients (55 eyes) of primary pterygium were selected in Beijing Tongren eye center from June to December, 2018, and all the subjects finished the follow up on time.The patients were randomly divided into two groups by random number table method, with 25 eyes of 23 patients in the experimental group and 30 eyes of 26 patients in the control group.The experimental group was treated with pterygium resection combined with amniotic membrane transplantation and interferon eye drops, while the control group was treated with pterygium resection combined with conjunctival autograft transplantation.Meanwhile the experimental group was treated with interferon eye drops on the 3rd day after surgery for 3 months.Follow up was done on the 3rd day, 7th day, 1st month, 3rd month and half a year after the surgery.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), heal of corneal epithelial defect and pterygium recurrence rate were observed.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to entering the study cohort.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital (No.TRECKY2018-043).Results:At 6 months after surgery, there was no significant difference in number of eyes with decrease, stable or increase of BCVA between the two groups ( P=0.259); Cornea epithelium of one eye in each group was healed within 14 days, and the cornea epithelia were healed within 7 days in all rest cases of the two groups, and there was no significant difference in the healing time of corneal epithelium between the two groups ( P=1.000); At 6 months after the surgery, there was no true recurrence in the two groups, and there was no significant difference between the two groups of grade 1, 2 and 3 patients with conjunctival hyperplasia ( Z=0.461, P=0.497). There were three eyes (3/25, 12.0%) and two eyes (2/30, 6.7%) had fibrovascular tissue hyperplasia in the experimental group and control group, respectively, but fibrovasular tissue hyperplasia was only appeared at the junction of conjunctiva and graft, and did not reach the center of the and graft or the limbus of cornea. Conclusions:Compared with the traditional conjunctival autograft transplantation, amniotic membrane transplantation combined with interferon eye drops has no higher recurrence rate for the treatment of primary pterygium, while it is getting less damage to the healthy conjunctival tissue.

Efficacy of oxycodone for improvement of general anesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in elderly patients / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of oxycodone for improvement of general anesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in elderly patients.Methods A total of 160 patients of both sexes,aged 65-75 yr,with body mass index ＜30 kg/m2,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ,scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy,were divided into 2 groups (n =80 each) using a random number table method:general anesthesia group (group GA) and oxycodone + general anesthesia group (group OX+GA).Anesthesia induction:propofol was given by closed-loop infusion at the initial target plasma concentration of 2 μg/ml,the target bispectral index (BIS) value was set at 50,and 2 min later remifentanil was given by target-controlled infusion at the target plasma concentration of 4 ng/ml,and cisatracurium 0.2 mg/kg was intravenously injected when BIS value was decreased to 70.Laryngeal mask airways were inserted and the patients were mechanically ventilated when BIS value was decreased to 50 and TOF ratio was decreased to 25％,and end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide was maintained at 35-45 mmHg.Anesthesia maintenance:propofol was given by closed-loop infusion,the target BIS value was set at 50,cisatracurium 0.1 mg/kg was intravenously injected when TOF ratio was increased to 10％;remifentanil was given by target-controlled infusion at the target plasma concentration of 4-6 ng/ml.Oxycodone 0.07 mg/kg was intravenously injected at 5 min before stretching internal organs.Before anesthesia,at 5 min after laryngeal mask airway placement,at skin incision and while stretching internal organs,analgesia nociception index value and perfusion index value were recorded,the development of intraoperative cardiovascular events,emergence time,time for removal of laryngeal mask airway,time of post-anesthesia care unit stay and development of nausea and vomiting and back and shoulder pain within 48 h after surgery were also recorded.Results Compared with group GA,the analgesia nociception index value and perfusion index value were significantly increased while stretching internal organs,and the incidence of intraoperative hypertension,tachycardia,and nausea and vomiting and back and shoulder pain within 48 h after surgery were decreased in group OX-GA (P＜0.05).Conclusion Oxycodone can inhibit nociceptive stimuli,is helpful in maintaining stable hemodynamics and reduces postoperative complications in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under combined general anesthesia.

Demineralized cancellous bone seeded with allogeneic chondrocytes for repairing articular osteochondral defects in rabbits / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of demineralized cancellous bone (DCB) seeded with allogeneic chondrocytes for repairing articular osteochondral defects in rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Articular chondrocytes were isolated from a 1-month-old male New Zealand rabbit for primary culture. The passage 1 chondrocytes were seeded onto prepared rabbit DCB scaffold to construct tissue-engineered cartilage and cultured for 2 weeks. Full-thickness articular osteochondral defects (3 mm both in diameter and depth) were created on both sides of the femoral medial condyles in 30 New Zealand white rabbits (age 4- 5 months). In 20 of the rabbits, the defects were filled with the tissue-engineered cartilage on the right side (group A) and with DCB only on the left side (group B); the remaining 10 rabbits did not receive any implantation in the defects to serve as the control (group C). At 1, 3, and 6 months after the implantation, tissue samples were collected from the defects for macroscopic observation and histological examination with Toluidine blue (TB) and collagen type Ⅱ staining. The effect of defect repair using the tissue-engineered cartilage was assessed at 6 months based on the histological scores.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prepared DCB had a spongy 3D structure with open and interconnected micropores of various sizes and showed good plasticity and mechanical strength. DCB began to degrade within 1 month after implantation and was totally absorbed at 3 months. At 6 months after implantation, the defects filled with the chondrocyte-seeded DCB were repaired mainly by hyaline-like cartilage tissues, which were well integrated to the adjacent cartilage without clear boundaries and difficult to recognize. The chondrocytes were located in the lacunate and arranged in vertical columns in the deep repaired tissue, where matrix proteoglycans and collagen type Ⅱ were distributed homogeneously close to the normal cartilage. The subchondral bone plate was reconstructed completely. The defects implanted with DCB only were filled with fibrocartilage tissue, as compared with fibrous tissue in the control defects. The histological scores in group A were significantly superior to those in group B and C ( < 0.05), but the scores for subchondral bone plate reconstruction were comparable between groups A and B at 6 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>DCB is a good scaffold material for preparing tissue-engineered cartilage, and chondrocyte- seeded DCB can repair articular osteochondral defects by inducing the generation of hayline-like cartilage.</p>

Value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in evaluation of curative effect and progression-free survival on lymphoma / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT in evaluation of curative effect and progression-free survival (PFS) for lymphoma patients.Methods The data of 85 lymphoma patients were retrospectively analyzed.Before and after 4-8 cycles standardized chemotherapy,the patients were evaluated with 18F-FDG PET/CT.The two-year PFS rate was compared.The value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in evaluation of curative effect and PFS for lymphoma patients received chemoradiotherapy was analyzed.Results The non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) was the common type,and the common pathogenic sites were head and neck lymph nodes,mediastinum and retroperitoneum.The majority of patients were accompanied with spleen enlargement and local lesions with high metabolism.The complete remission (CR) rate of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL)patients in PET/CT negative group was significantly higher than that in positive group (86.4％ vs.42.9％,P =0.038).The two-year PFS rates in PET/CT positive group and negative group were 42.9％ and 81.8％,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =7.70,P =0.006).Thirty-five NHL patients achieved CR,13 achieved partial remission (PR),and 8 achieved stable disease (SD) or disease progression (PD).The two-year PFS rates in the CR group,PR group,SD or PD group were 89.7％,65.3％ and 19.4％ respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =12.41,P =0.002).PET/CT imaging had a strong PFS predictive effect on T cell lymphoma (TCL) patients (x2 =13.85,P =0.001) and diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL)patients (x2=13.51,P =0.001),and had no predictive effect on follicular lymphoma (FL) patients (x2 =4.63,P =0.099).Conclusion 18 F-FDG PET/CT can evaluate the curative effect of lymphoma effectively and early predict prognosis,and has great guiding significance in choosing therapeutic schedule.

Impact of ethyl pyruvate on the cognitive function after splenectomy in aged rats / 临床麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the impact of ethyl pyruvate (EP) on cognitive function and the expression of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) after splenectomy in aged rats.Methods Eighty-four male aged Sprague-Dawley rats, 18 months old, weighing 500-600 g, were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=21 each) by random number table method: control group (group C), surgery group (group S) ethyl pyruvate group (group E) and solution without EP group (group R).Morris water maze test was performed to evaluate cognitive function 5 days before surgery and 1, 3, 7 days after surgery.Group E was injected with EP 40 mg/kg intrapertoneally after splenectomy, group S and group C were injected with equivalent normal saline after splenectomy, group R was injected with equivalent solution without EP.Rats were killed after Morris water maze test, and the expression of HMGB1 and RAGE protein and mRNA in hippocampus were measured by Western blot and RT-PCR methods.Results Compared with group C, the escape latency and swimming distance were significantly prolonged in groups S, E and R 1 and 3 days after surgery, as well as the expression of HMGB1 and RAGE in hippocampus were significantly up-regulated (P＜0.05).Compared with group S, the escape latency and swimming distance were significantly decreased and the expression of HMGB1 and RAGE were down-regulated in group E 1 and 3 days after surgery (P＜0.05).Compared with the preoperative group, the escape latency and swimming distance were significantly prolonged in groups S, E and R 1 and 3 days after surgery (P＜0.05).Conclusion EP may improve cognitive function in aged rats by down regulating the expression of HMGB1 and RAGE in the hippocampus.

Comparative Study on the Content Determination of Primaquine Phosphate by HPLC and Titration / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for revising the standards of primaquine phosphate in International Pharmacopoe-ia (the fifth edition). METHODS:Based on inspection standards for primaquine phosphate and its preparations in different coun-tries,HPLC,perchloric acid potentiometric titration and sodium nitrite dead-stop titration were adopted to determine and compare the contents of primaquine phosphate. RESULTS:In HPLC,the linear range of primaquine phosphate was 128.1-384.2 μg/ml(r=0.999 9);the limit of detection was 0.18 μg/ml,the limit of quantification was 0.59 μg/ml;RSDs of precision,stability and repro-ducibility tests were lower than 1%;recovery was 99.42%-101.14%(RSD=0.6,n=9);destructive test and durability test showed good specificity;the contents of 3 batches of samples were 92.1%,92.3% and 92.0%,respectively. In perchloric acid potentiomet-ric titration,RSDs of precision and reproducibility tests were 1.6%;the titration jump was not obvious;the contents were 99.1%, 99.7% and 98.7%,respectively. In sodium nitrite dead-stop titration,RSDs of precision and reproducibility tests were lower than 1%;the titration jump was obvious;the contents were 96.9%,97.1% and 96.7%,respectively. Sodium nitrite external indicator ti-tration showed better precision than dead-stop titration;the contents were 99.6%,100.0% and 99.5%,respectively. CONCLU-SIONS:Perchloric acid potertiometric titration is simple and rapid,but with relatively poor precision and reproducibility,and it contains quinocide. Sodium nitrite dead-stop titration is simple with good precision and reproducibility but long reaction time,and it also contains quinocide,the HPLC method shows good separation and high accuracy,can effectively separate the quinocide in primaquine phosphate,and it is suitable for the quality control of primaquine phosphate.

Constructing and identifying a lentiviral vector of RNA interference targeting matrix metalloproteinases-3 gene in human degenerative nucleus pulposus cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Inhibiting the degradation of extracellular matrix in the intervertebral disc can delay the degenerative process of intervertebral disc. Matrix metalloproteinases-3 (MMP3) is considered as a key enzyme for degradation of extracelular matrix components such as type II collagen and aggrecan. OBJECTIVE:To construct the short hairpin RNA lentiviral vector targeting human MMP3 gene and to detect its efficiency of gene silence by infecting human degenerative nucleus pulposus cells. METHODS:According to the human MMP3 mRNA (NM_002422.4) sequence, four groups of the short hairpin RNA gene sequences targeting MMP3 were designed, synthesized and annealed to form double stranded DNA fragments, which were connected with the LV3 vectors digested by BamHI andEcoRI enzymes, and then transfected into the competent cels. The positive clones were identified by PCR, and analyzed by sequencing. The packaging and titer of lentivirus were determined after transfecting 293T cells. Human degenerative nucleus pulposus cels were infected with lentivirus vector, and the transfection efficiency of each group was observed under inverted fluorescence microscope. The interfering efficiency was detected by real time-PCR and western blot at 72 and 96 hours. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The ds-oligo DNA was successfully inserted into the lentiviral vector as confirmed by electrophoresis and sequence analysis. The recombinant lentivirus was harvested from 293T cels with a viral titer of 1-5 ×108 TU/mL. RNA interference targeting the GCC AGG CTT TCC CAA GCA AAT sequences with the highest interfering efficiency in MMP3 gene at 72 and 96 hours resulted in suppression of MMP3 mRNA expression by 98% and 72%, respectively; and at 96 hours, the interfering efficiency of protein expression was 57.2%. The recombinant lentivirus vector containing RNA interference targeting MMP3 gene is successfuly constructed, which lays a foundation for further studies on the MMP3 function and gene therapy.

Celecoxib inhibits proliferation, invasion and migration of human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 in vitro / 基础医学与临床

Objective To investigate the effects of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib on proliferation , invasion and migration of human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 and then determine the optimal concentration of cele-coxib and the most suitable application time .Methods Human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 was treated with diverse concentrations of celecoxib (20,60,100 μmol/L) for different durations (24,48,72 h).Cell prolifer-ation, invasion and migration capabilities were measured by MTT colorimetry , Transwell invasion assay , and scratch assay respectively .Results The proliferation capability of PANC-1 cell was reduced by celecoxib in a con-centration-and time-dependent manner ( P <0.05 ) .In addition , the invasion and migration capabilities were decreased by celecoxib in a concentration-dependent manner(P<0.01).Conclusions Celecoxib attenuates the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 in a concentration-and time-dependent manner .Cele-coxib attenuates the invasion and migration in a concentration-dependent manner .

The analysis on factors related to BMD in patients with type 2 diabetes / 天津医药

Objective To explore related factors affecting bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis (OP) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure BMD of the femoral neck and the lumbar vertebrae in 220 patients with T2DM. All the patients were divided into three groups:normal bone mass group, decreased bone mass group and OP group according to the value of BMD. The clinical data and biochemical indicators were compared and analyzed between these groups, and the influencing factors of T2DM and OP were explored. Results Compared with normal bone mass group and decreased bone mass group, there were more older patients, longer course of T2DM, lower BMI and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level in OP group. There were significantly higher age, longer course of T2DM, higher level of HbA1c, and lower levels of BMI, HDL-C in decreased bone mass group than those of normal bone mass group (P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in waist-to-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), postmenopausal women (PMW) ratio, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), blood phosphorus, calcium, total cholesterol (TC), three acyl glycerin (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) between three groups. The risk factors for T2DM combined with OP were older, female, long duration of T2DM, higher levels of FPG, 2hPG and HbA1c. Conclusion Older and female T2DM patients were high-risk group of OP. The treatment plan should be timely adjusted by regularly monitoring indexes of blood glucose and HbA1c.

Expression and role of MMP-14 protein in invasion and metastasis of stomach carcinoma / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-14(MMP-14)protein in the human stomach carcinoma tissues and its correlation with carcinoma invasiveness and metastasis.Methods The MMP-14 protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in 59 cases of stomach carcinoma tissues (observation group)and 20 cases of normal stomach tissues (control group,the adjacent normal tissues from the tumor margin of 5 cm confirmed by pathology),and its correlation with the clinically pathological parameters was analyzed.The expression characteristics of MMP-14 among various TNM stages of stom-ach carcinoma were also analyzed.Results The positive rate of MMP-14 expression was 50.85%(30/59)in the observation group and 5.00% (1/20)in the control group,the positive rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.01);the expression level of MMP-14 was correlated with the differentiation degree,regional lymph node metastasis degree,invasion depth,lymphatic invasion and TNM stage,which showing the statistical difference(P < 0.01);the expression of MMP-14 protein was up-regulated and showed the transferring trend from cytoplasm to cellular membrane along with the progres-sion of TNM stage.Conclusion The overexpression of MMP-14 protein exists in stomach carcinoma tissues,which contributing to the invasion and metastasis of stomach carcinoma cells.

The Anti-Tumor Effect and Mechanism of Curcumin in Pancreatic Cancer / 天津医药

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor effect and mechanism of curcumin in pancreatic cancer (PC). Methods Smad4 and Jab1 expressions were detected by immunohistochemistry in tumor tissues and pericarcinomatous tis?sue from 35 PC cases, and the correlation of Smad4 and Jab1 were analyzed based on the percentage of positive staining in?tissues from 21 random selected PC cases. The effect of curcumin on expressions of tumor suppressors p53, Smad4 and cell cycle inhibitor p27 were examined by Western Blotting after human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 were divided into PANC-1 control group (no treatments were given) and PANC-1 curcumin group (treated with cell culture medium containing 10μmol/L curcumin). The effect of curcumin on expressions of combination of β-TrCP1 and Smad4 was examined by Co-Immunoprecipitation after human embryonic kidney cell line 293T were divided into 293T control group (no treatments were given), 293T curcumin group (treated with cell culture medium containing 10μmol/L curcumin) and 293T Jab1 group (trans?fected by HA-Jab1 plasmid). Results Compared with expressions in pericarcinomatous tissues, Smad4 was down regulated while the expression of Jab1 was upregulated in PC tissues (P<0.01), and the expression of Smad4 was negatively correlated with the expression of Jab1 (n=21, r=-0.71, P=0.007). After treated with curcumin, the protein expression of p53, Smad4 and p27 was increased in PANC1 cell, and the protein expression of the combination ofβ-TrCP1 and Smad4 was decreased in 293T cell (P<0.05). After transfected by HA-Jab1 plasmid, the protein expression of the combination ofβ-TrCP1 and Smad4 was increased in 293T cell (P<0.05). Conclusion Curcumin may have suppression effect of PC through increasing the protein expression of p53, Smad4 and p27, and the mechanism of Smad4 upregulation may be related with the inhibition of Smad4 ubiquitination process, while Jab1 may be also involved in Smad4 degradation through ubiquitination.

In Vitro Effects of SB202190 on Echinococcus granulosus

Spillage of cyst contents during surgical operation is the major cause of recurrence after hydatid cyst surgery. Instillation of a scolicidal agent into a hepatic hydatid cyst is the most commonly employed measure to prevent this complication. SB202190 is a pyridinyl imidazole derivative and is known to be a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK. In the present study, the scolicidal effect of SB202190 was investigated. Freshly isolated Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices were subjected to SB202190 treatment (10, 20, 40, and 80 microM), and the effects on parasite viability were monitored by trypan blue staining. Corresponding effects were visualized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Dose-dependent protoscolex death within a few days of SB202190 treatment was observed. Although the in vitro scolicidal effect of SB202190 was satisfactory, the in vivo efficacy of this drug and also possible side effects remain to be further investigated.