RESUMO
This research aimed to evaluate the some chemical composition, screen of phytochemical substances in pomegranate rind and juice and also to study the suppressive effect of pomegranate rind either extract or powder and juice on aspirin induced gastric mucosal ulcer in rats. Forty-two adult male albino rats Sprague-Dawley strain were classified into control negative [-ve] group and five ulcer rat groups which were control positive [+ve], drug, rind extract, rind powder and juice groups. The rind of pomegranate contains the higher value of ash, protein, fat and carbohydrate than juice of pomegranate. Tannins, terpenes, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, cardenolides and resins were found in juice but tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids and cardenolides only were found in 70% methanolic rind extract of pomegranate fruit. The control [+ve] group showed a significant decrease in final weight, weight gain percentage, feed efficiency ratio and gastric catalase, superoxide dismutase [SOD] and glutathione [GSH] but a significant increase in nitric oxide [NO] and malondialdehyde [MDA] compared with control [-ve] group. The drug, rind extract, rind powder and juice groups showed a significant increase in feed efficiency ratio in compared with control [-ve] group. The drug group showed a significant increase in feed efficiency ratio, [NO] and [MDA] while the rind extract group showed a significant increase in feed efficiency ratio, volume of gastric juice and gastric [NO] but a significant decrease in glutathione compared with control [-ve] group. The rind powder group showed a significant increase in feed efficiency ratio, volume of gastric juice, total acidity and gastric [NO] and [MDA] and a significant decrease in glutathione while the juice group showed a significant increase in feed efficiency ratio, volume of gastric juice, total acidity and gastric [NO] and [MDA] but a significant decrease in glutathione compared with control [-ve] group. The highest decrease values of gastric juice percent and total acidity percent, was in drug, rind extract, juice then rind powder groups. The highest value of ulcer index appeared in descending manner in control [+ve], rind powder, rind extract, juice, and drug groups but curative ratio percent were drug, juice, rind extract and rind powder groups