RESUMO
Aspectos epidemiológicos da doença meningocócica registrados a partir da segunda metade da década de 80 impulsionaram as autoridades de saúde pública a discutirem as medidas de controle disponíveis. A ocorrência da doença entre adolescentes e o registro de surtos envolvendo escolas säo os dois pontos que mais pressionaram uma revisäo das medidas de controle disponíveis. O uso das vacinas antimeningocócicas polissacarídeas e as recomendaçöes para o controle de surtos localizados (clusters) säo outros aspectos que mereceram atençäo recentemente. Objetivou, assim, apresentar um panorama atual de alguns aspectos da epidemiologia e do controle dos casos secundários da doença meningocócica
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Neisseria meningitidis , Meningite Meningocócica/epidemiologia , Quimioprevenção , Vacinas , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa , Surtos de DoençasRESUMO
Using different bacteriological (urease test, Gram staining and culture) and histological (Steiner staining and modified Giemsa staining) techniques, we searched for the presence of Helicobacter pylori in the gastric antrum of 200 dyspeptic Brazilian patients (106 females and 94 males aged 19 days to 81 years). The presence of bacteria was then correlated with the endoscopic and histological findings. H. pylori was present in 59.5 of the population studied. In Brazil, colonization occurs early, involving 37 of the dyspeptic population by 20 years of age. The presence of H. pylori in the gastric antrum was strongly associated with duodenal ulcer (P < 0.001) and a normal endoscopic examination did not exclude the possibility of colonization of the gastric antrum by H. pylori. The most sensitive test was the preformed urease test (89). We conclude that more than one diagnostic method should preferably be used for the detection of H. pylori and that the presence of H. pylori is closely correlated with active chronic gastritis (P < 0.001).