Effects of Gentiopicroside on the Apoptosis of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells PANC- 1 and IL- 6/JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of gentiopicroside on the apo ptosis o f human pancreatic cancer cells PANC- 1，and to explore its mechanism from the perspective of IL- 6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. METHODS ：Using PANC- 1 cells as model ， the proliferation inhibition rate of cells was tested by MTT assay after treated with 0（negative contro ），2，4，8，16，32，64，128 mg/L gentiopicroside for 72 h and IC 50 were calculated. The cells were divided into negative control group ，gemcitabine group （positive control，4 mg/L）and gentiopicroside low-concentration ，medium-concentration and high-concentration groups （15，30，60 mg/L）. After cultured for 1，3，5，7 d，Trypan blue exclusion staining was used to count the survival cell ，and the growth of cells was investigated. After cultured for 72 h，colony formation assay was used to observe colony formation rate of cells ；the apoptotic rate of cells was detected by Hoechst 33258 staining；the mRNA and protein expressions of IL- 6，JAK2，STAT3 in cells were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting assay. RESULTS ：4-28 mg/L gentiopicroside could inhibit the proliferation of cells （P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01），in concentration dependent trend ；IC50 was 9.54 mg/L. Compared with negative control group ，survival cell count （cultured from 3，5，7 d），mRNA and protein expressions of IL- 6，JAK2 and STAT 3 in cells were decreased significantly in gemcitabine group ， gentiopicroside medium-concentration and high-concentration groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），while the apoptotic rate was increased significantly （P＜0.01）. The colony formation rate of cellswere decreased significantly in gemcitabine group and gentiopicroside high-concentration group （P＜0.01）. mail：hb.gz@163.com Compared with gemcitabine group ，there was no statistical significance in above indexes of gentiopicroside high- 6716008。 concentration group （P＞0.05）. CONC LUSIONS：30，60 mg/L gentiopicroside could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of PANC- 1 cells，and 60 mg/L gentiopicroside is similar to gemcitabine in the effects. Its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the activation of IL- 6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

The association between the thin-section computed tomography parameters and the invasion and histological subtypes of subsolid nodules measuring 1-2 centimeters in diameter as lung adenocarcinoma: a retrospective study from one single center / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the association between the parameters of thin-section computed tomography and the invasion and histological subtypes of subsolid nodules measuring 1-2 centimeters in diameter as lung adenocarcinoma.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the cases with subsolid nodules measuring 1-2 centimeters on thin-section computed tomography and histologically confirmed as lung adenocarcinoma.Results:A total of 135 patients were enrolled in this study, including 23 with pure ground glass nodules and 112 with part-solid ground glass nodule. We observed significant differences of nodule size, solid component size, consolidation-to-tumor ratio, nodule attenuation and attenuation ratio( P<0.0001). The receiver operating curve indicated certain predictive value of solid component size, nodule attenuation and attenuation ratio: AUC were 0.838(0.756-0.919)、0.823(0.729-0.917) and 0.820(0.726-0.914), respectively. Of the invasive adenocarcinoma, those with solid or micropapillary components merely showed a significance in solid component size( P=0.024). Conclusion:The parameters of thin-section computed tomography of 1-2 centimeters subsolid nodules showed significant differences in varied invasiveness of lung adenocarcinoma, and these could have certain predictive value.

Effects of Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory of Sophocarpine and Related COX- 2/PGE2 Signaling Pathway / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To study analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of sophocarpine （SC） on inflammatory pain model mice and related COX-2/PGE2 signaling pathway. METHODS： （1）Analgesic experiment. Totally 50 mice were randomly divided into blank control group （normal saline）， positive control group （aspirin， 100 mg/kg） and SC high-dose， medium-dose and low-dose groups （40， 20， 10 mg/kg）， with 10 mice in each group. They were given relevant medicine once a day intragastrically for consecutive 5 d. 2 h after last medication， mice in each group was given glacial acetic acid solution intraperitoneal injection； writhing times of mice within 15 minutes were recorded. Other 50 mice were collected； they were grouped and given medicine as above. The response pain threshold （Tr） of mice was determined by intelligent hot plate instrument 15， 30， 60， 120 min after last administration. （2）Anti-inflammatory and mechanism experiment. Other 60 mice were randomly divided into blank control group （normal saline）， model control group （normal saline）， positive control group （aspirin， 100 mg/kg）， SC high-dose， medium-dose and low-dose groups （40， 20， 10 mg/kg）， with 10 mice in each group； they were given relevant medicine intragastrically， once a day， for consecutive 5 d. 60 min after last medication， except for blank control group， other groups were given 1％ carrageenan to induce inflammation. 1， 3， 5 h after inducing inflammation， the degree of paw swelling were determined in each group. Other 30 mice were randomly divided into blank control group （normal saline）， model control group （normal saline）， SC group （40 mg/kg）， with 10 mice in each group； they were given relevant medicine intragastrically once a day， for consecutive 5 d. 60 min after last medication， except for blank control group， other groups were given 1％ carrageenan to induce inflammation in other groups. 5 h later， the levels of SOD， MDA， GSH-Px and T-AOC in paw swelling tissue of mice were determined by biochemical method. The level of PGE2 in paw swelling tissue was determined by ELISA. The mRNA and protein expressions of COX-1 and COX-2 in paw swelling tissue of mice were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot method. RESULTS： In analgesic experiment， compared with blank control group， writhing times of mice were decreased significantly in administration groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， Tr were increased significantly 30， 60， 120 min after last medication （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. In anti-inflammatory and mechanism experiment， compared with blank control group， the degree of paw swelling were increased significantly in model control group 1， 3， 5 h after inducing inflammation （P＜0.01）； the levels of SOD， GSH-Px and T-AOC in paw swelling tissue were decreased significantly （P＜0.01）； the levels of MDA and PGE2 were increased significantly （P＜0.01）， and mRNA and protein expressions of COX-2 were increased significantly （P＜0.01）. Compared with model control group， the degree of paw swelling were decreased significantly in positive control group， SC high-dose and low-dose groups 3 and 5 h after inducing inflammation （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The levels of SOD， GSH-Px and T-AOC in paw swelling tissue were increased significantly in SC group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， while the levels of MDA and PGE2 were decreased significantly （P＜0.01） as well as mRNA and protein expressions of COX-2 were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. There was no statistical significance in other indexes （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： SC possesses good anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects， and its mechanism may be related to anti-oxidative stress and inhibition of COX-2/PGE2 signaling pathway.

Genetic characterization of varicella zoster virus in Jilin province in 2017, China / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To clarify the genotype of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in Jilin province in 2017, and to discriminate between vaccine strain and wild-type strain.@*Methods@#Vesicle fluid and throat swab samples were collected from 10 individuals with suspected VZV in Jilin province from January to March of 2017. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect viral nucleic acid. Specific regions of ORF22, ORF38 and ORF62 of VZV were amplified by PCR. Viral genotype was determined by five SNPs of ORF 22 and vaccine strain or wild-type strain was distinguished by four SNPs of ORF 38 and ORF 62. The results were analyzed with MEGA5 and BioEdit software, using the VZV reference strain sequences from GenBank.@*Results@#VZV-positive strains were detected in 10 samples, all belonged to Clade 2. There was a synonymous mutation (C→T) in position 38 048 of JL17-7 strain. The nucleotide homology of ORF22 showed that all 10 samples were on the same branch with the Clade 2 referenced strains. Compared with Clade 2 referenced strains, the homology of nucleotide and amino acid for all 10 samples were 99.5%-100% and 99.3%-100%, respectively. The four specific SNPs of ORF38 and ORF62 in 10 samples were A-T-T-T, which were consistent with wild-type strain.@*Conclusions@#This study reveals that the VZV strains circulating in Jilin province in 2017 were all wild-type strains belonging to Clade 2.

Characterization analysis of gM, gL genes of varicella zoster virus in six provinces of China / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To analyze the genetic characterization of glycoprotein M(gM.),glycoprotein L(gL) of varicella zoster virus.@*Methods@#According to the program of "Ministry of Science and Technology of China" , Based on the 12 suspected VZV patients monitored in Beijing (1 case), Shanghai (5 cases), Jilin (2 cases), Qinghai (1 case), Guangdong (2 case) and Sichuan (case) in 2007-2015. A total of 12 Vesicle fluid and throat swab samples were collected. Positive samples were identified by Agarose gel electrophoresis and two glycoprotein genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nucleotide sequences were determined and analyzed by PCR amplification of VZV positive specimens V-OKA-BK of the domestic varicella attenuated live vaccine and the Varilrix-1 of the imported attenuated live vaccine. Nucleotide sequences of VZV positive specimens, vaccine strains (V-OKA-BK, varilrix-1) and GenBank foreign wild strains (41 strains), parent strains (P-oka), vaccine strains (V-oka, Varilrix, Varivax) were compared using BioEdit and MEGA 5.0.@*Results@#12 specimens were VZV positive. Compared with the vaccine strains and the parent strains, the GM gene of 1 positive specimen had radical mutation at 86686 sites, which resulted in amino acid mutation, 5 positive specimens had base mutation at 87844 sites, and 30 strains of foreign wild strains had the same variation at 87 844 sites. 1 positive specimens of gL gene in 101245 sites had base mutation, and led to amino acid mutation, 6 positive specimens at 101624, 101625, 101626 sites had base of loss and the foreign wild strains in these 3 sites had the same variation. Compared with the vaccine strains, the nucleotide and amino acid homology of gM of 12 VZV positive specimens were 99.2%-100% and 98.2%-100%, respectively, and gL of those were 99.3%-100% and 98.6%-100%, respectively. Compared with 41 strains of foreign wild strains, homology of gM's nucleotides and amino acid were 99.3%-100% and 98.5%-100%, respectively; 99.1%-100% and 98.6%-100% for gL. The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that 7 VZV positive samples were on the same branch with 4 vaccine strains and p-oka strain. Based on gL, 12 VZV positive samples were on the same branch as the vaccine strains and p-oka strain.@*Conclusion@#This study demonstrates that the genes of gM, gL are highly conserved and remain stable immunogen, which may be involved in the attenuation of VZV and need to be further researched.

Comparative study on three methods of nucleic acid extraction and three kinds of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To explore the differences among three methods of nucleic acid extraction and three kinds of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument.@*Methods@#Twenty-five respiratory virus nucleic acid and 25 enterovirus nucleic acid positive samples were with selected at random and nucleic acids were extracted by using three methods (method A, B, and C). The results among different methods were analyzed by randomized block design. 25 respiratory viral nucleic acid positive specimens and enterovirus nucleic acid positive samples were detected by using three kinds of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument (instrument A, B, and C). The results among different instruments were analyzed by randomized block design.@*Results@#There was a significant difference among three methods of nucleic acid extraction in results(χ2=42.9162, P<0.001), in which method A and C had not significant difference(Z=0.837, P=0.3816>0.05), while method A vs. B, B vs. C were significantly different(Z=7.025, P<0.001; Z=7.9, P<0.001). There was also a significant difference among three kinds of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument in results(χ2=23.773, P<0.001), in which instrument B and C had no significant difference(Z=0.75, P=0.4533>0.05), while instrument A vs. B, A vs. C were significantly different(Z=5.70, P<0.001; Z=6.45, P<0.001).@*Conclusions@#There is difference among different methods and instruments in the test results under the same condition, which call for options in practical work according to need.

Colorimetric detection of coxsackievirus A6 by reverse transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a simple, rapid and sensitive colorimetric reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) for rapid detection of coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) based on the colour chang of hydroxy naphthol blue (HNB).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The method employed a set of six primers that recognized sequences of VP1 gene for amplification of nucleic acid under isothermal conditions at 63 °C for 50 min. The products were detected through visual inspection of color change by the pre-addition of HNB dye. The specificity was validated by detecting a collection of different human enteroviruses. The sensitivity of this assay was evaluated by serial dilutions of RNA molecules from in vitro transcription of CV-A6 VP1 gene, and compared with real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR) in parallel. This assay was evaluated with 92 clinical specimens from patients with hand-foot-mouth disease.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A positive color (sky blue) was only observed in the preparation of CV-A6, whereas none of the other 23 kinds of human enteroviruses showed a color change. The HNB based RT-LAMP showed a sensitivity of 100 copies/reaction, which was at the same level as that of the rRT-PCR. The result of RT-LAMP in analysis of 92 clinical specimens was consistent with that of the rRT-PCR. The kappa correlation between the two methods was 1 and both of the sensitivity and specificity of the RT-LAMP assay were 100%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The established RT-LAMP assay had good specificity and sensitivity and thus demonstrated to be a promising screening tool for CV-A6 infection. It also has the potential to be used in resource-limited clinical sites and field study.</p>

Analysis of the effect of different pathological subtypes to prognosis in stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the prognostic value of the new classification (proposed by International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society) in stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Pathological slides of 328 cases of stage I pulmonary invasive adenocarcinoma were reviewed according to the new classification. The patients received operation in Department of Thoracic Surgery of Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University from January 2005 to December 2009. There were 145 male and 183 female patients with an average age of (59 ± 10) years (ranging from 34 to 82 years). Clinical, pathological, and survival data were retrospectively analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used for analysis of survival, and Cox regression analysis was used for finding out prognostic factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Five-year progression-free survival rate and overall survival rate of lepidic-predominant subtype were both 100%. Five-year progression-free survival rate of patients with micropapillary component (49.3%) was significantly lower than that of patients without micropapillary component (75.4%, χ² = 8.154, P = 0.004). Regression analysis showed that tumor size is an independent prognostic factor of death (HR = 1.967, 95% CI: 1.507 to 2.567, P = 0.000) and recurrence (HR = 1.796, 95% CI: 1.469 to 2.198, P = 0.000). In subgroup analysis, the presence of solid component (HR = 1.985, 95% CI: 1.013 to 3.888, P = 0.046) and tumor size (HR = 1.941, 95% CI: 1.455 to 2.589, P = 0.000) were independent prognostic factors of recurrence for stage IB pulmonary adenocarcinoma.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The new classification of adenocarcinoma is of prognostic value in stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The presence of solid or micropapillary component impacts on survival. Detailed record of each component in tumor is necessary.</p>

Non-grasping en bloc mediastinal lymph nodes dissection in uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery for lung cancer / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To analyze the safety, feasibility and operative technique details of non-grasping en bloc mediastinal lymph nodes dissection technique in uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery(VATS) for lung cancer.Methods From April, 2014 to March, 2015,46 patients with lung cancer received non-grasping en bloc mediastinal lymph nodes dissection after uniportal VATS lobectomy.Clinical data of the cases were analyzed retrospectively.There were 19 males and 27 females.The age was(57.2 ± 9.0) (38-73) years.The first 6 cases were performed in the lateral decubitus position while the later 40 cases were all performed in the semiprone position.Results All cases accepted uniportal VATS non-grasping en bloc mediastinal lymph nodes dissection successfully.Arm fatigue of surgeon and assistant was obviously relieved when the patient was placed in the semiprone position.The thoracic drainage time was(3.2 ± 2.1) (1-12)days and the postoperative length of hospital-stay was(6.0 ± 4.5) (2-27) days.The number of dissected mediastinal lymph nodes stations was (4.3 ± 0.8) (3-6)and the number of dissected mediastinal lymph nodes was (11.8 ± 4.9) (4-30).There were 42 cases with stage No , lease wit stage N1, and 3 cases with stage N2 in pathological examination.Five patients developed minor postoperative complications.No perioperative death occurred.Conclusion Uniportal VATS non-grasping en bloc mediastinal lymph nodes dissection for lung cancer was safe and feasible, which could decrease the interference of the instruments and help to keep the surgical field clear.Non-grasping en bloc mediastinal lymph nodes dissection would be performed more smoothly in the semiprone position with less damage to lung and better ergonomics.

Thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy for clinical stageⅠ lung cancer / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose:With the improvement of skill of video-assisted thoracic surgery, thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy becomes more and more mature. This paper aimed to study the safety, feasibility and clinical features of thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy for stageⅠ lung cancer.Methods:Data from 64 patients who was diagnosed as having clinicalⅠ stage lung cancer and received thoracoscopic anatomic pulmonary segmentectomy were retrospectively analyzed from Mar. 2008 to Jan. 2014. There were 28 men and 36 women with a median age of 59 years (39-86 years).Results:Sixty-four patients underwent thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy successfully. The median operative time was 120 min (90-240 min). The median blood loss in operation was 50 mL (10-200 mL). The median thoracic drainage time was 3 d(2-7 d). The median postoperative length of stay was 5 d(3-23 d). There was no postoperative mortality or severe complications. There was one conversion to lobectomy but no conversion to thoracotomy. There were 51 patients with ground glass opacity (GGO). Of the 51 patients, postoperative pathology showed invasive adenocarcinoma in 30, adenocarcinoma in situ in 10, minimally invasive adenocarcinoma in 6 and benign lesions in 5.Conclusion:Thoracoscopic anatomic pulmonary segmentectomy is a feasible and safe technique for a skilled doctor. Not only can it be a method of diagnosis, but also it can be a method of treatment for clinical stageⅠ lung cancer, especially for GGO in lung.

Application value of different minimally invasive approach in treatment of patients with intra-articular calcaneal fractures / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To compare the application value and the clinical curative effect of longitudinal incision and tarsal sinus minimal-ly invasive approach in treatment of patients with intra-articular calcaneal fractures. Methods A retrospective statistical analysis was made by collecting and comparing the clinical data of 67 patients with intra-articular calcaneal fractures from March 2008 to March 2012,and they were divided into the longitudinal incision minimally invasive approach group ( ZW group,36 patients,37 feet) and the tarsal sinus minimally invasive approach group ( FW group,31 patients,33 feet) . The Bohler angle, Gissane angle before and after operation,complications healing time,and AOFAS scores were compared. Results The healing time,Bohler angle,Gissane angle of ZW group and other indicators were better than those of the FW group,but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0. 05). The infection of incision and compli-cations in ZW group was obviously less than those of the FW group (P0. 05). Conclusion The two kinds of treatments are of no obvious difference,but the longitudinal small incision minimally invasive approach could receive better effect in terms of soft tissue damage,healing time,and postoperative complications.

Video-assisted thoracic surgery for intralobar pulmonary sequestration / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To analyze safety,efficacy and resection methods of video-assisted thoracic surgery(VATS) for the treatment of intralobar pulmonary sequestration(IPS).Methods Data of 17 patients who were diagnosed as IPS and received VATS from December 2006 to September 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were 7 males and 10 females with the mean age of 40.3 (14-61) years.Diagnosis was confirmed in 9 patients by enhanced CT and unconfirmed in 8 patients.Three ports were used for surgery.After the aberrant artery was confirmed,liner stapler was used in 16 patients to cut it and Hem-o-lok was used in 1 patient because the aberrant artery was about 3 mm in diameter and long enough.If the diameter of the aberrant artery was longer than 10 mm,a stapling device without knife was used to occlude it centrally and a second stapling device was used to cut it peripherally.Wedge resection or lobectomy was performed due to the different conditions.When the lesion was small with linited range in CT image and the lesion was easily distinguished from normal lung tissue during operation,wedge resection was preferred.Results Seventeen patients underwent VATS successfully without any conversion to thoracotomy or any serious complications.Five patients were planned to receive wedge resection and one was converted to lobectomy.Another 12 patients were planned to receive lobectomy and all succeeded.The mean operating time was 128 (80-170)min.The mean blood loss was 80 (5-200) ml.The mean days of chest tube maintained were 4.0 (2-6) days.The mean postoperative hospitalization days were 7.6 (4-11) days.All patients were diagnosed as IPS according to operating in-sight and postoperative pathology.There was no patient suffering from chronic cough,bloody sputum or recurrent pneumonia during the follow-up.Conclusion VATS for the treatment of IPS is safe and feasible.If conditions permit,wedge resection or segmentectomy may be preferred.

Varicella / 中国疫苗和免疫

Varicella is an acute,highly contagious respiratory and caused by Varicella-zoster virus(VZV),After the primary infection,VZV induce Varicella,then the virus remains dormant in sensory nerve roots in life.Upon the reactivation,shingles can occur.Most of patients can recovery very soon,but kinds of potentially sever complication can induce death.Nowadays the VZV vaccination isn’t included in the expanded immunization program in our country. Varicella outbreaks take place at times in the middle of children of our country.The paper offers concise description about pathogen characteristics,diagnosis methods,clinical character,epidemiology knowledge and strategy of prevention.

Clinical application of left parasternal anterior mediastinaotomy / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To explore the value of left parasternal anterior mediastinaotomy (Chamberlain procedure) in the diagnosis of mediastinal lymph node enlargement with unknown causes and anterior mediastinal space-taking lesions. Methods By using the Chamberlain procedure, biopsy was performed in 32 cases of enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes with unknown causes or mediastinal space-taking lesions, which were found by CT scans. Results All of the 32 cases were pathologically diagnosed, with a diagnostic accuracy of 100%. Three patients with pericardial effusion received concurrent pericardial fenestration and then their symptoms relieved. Four patients underwent concurrent lung biopsy. The operating time was (48?15) min, the blood lose was ( 40.6?23.5) ml, and the postoperative hospital stay (3.6?1.4) days. No deaths or postoperative complications occurred. Conclusions Chamberlain procedure is a safe and valuable method in the diagnosis of mediastinal space-taking lesions with unknown causes or enlargement of the fifth and sixth groups of mediastinal lymph nodes, which routine mediastinoscope cannot reach. Some other simple therapies, such as lung biopsy or pericardial fenestration, can also be employed at the same time.

Role of Ambroxol in Protection of the Decrease of PS in Lung Injury after Thoracotomy / 复旦学报（医学版）

Purpose　To investigate whether thoracotomy can induce lung injury in the operative side and the protection by ambroxol in this procedure.　Methods　24 patients with esophageal carcinoma who were performed esophagectomy with anastomosis over the arcus aortae were randomized into 2 groups:an ambroxol group (ambroxol 1 g iv gtt qd×3,preoperatively) and a controlled group without any respiratory medication.General anesthesia by tracheo-cannula combined with continuous epidual anesthesia were used in all the patients.Bilateral broncho-alveolar lavage(BAL) was carried out after intubation preoperatively and before removal of the cannula postoperatively.Total Phospholipid(TPL),Saturated Phosphaytidylcholine(SatPC) and Total protein(TP) in the BALF were measured.The ratio of SatPC/TPL and SatPC/TP represented the activity of PS.　Results　In the controlled group,SatPC/TPL and SatPC/TP of the left lung(operation side) showed significant difference(P<0.05),compared with the right side(non-operation side).In the ambroxol group,no significant difference of such ratio was showed.　Conclusions　Thoracotomy can induce lung injury and bring out the decrease of PS and increase of protein exudation in the operative side.Large dose of ambroxol can promote in synthesize and secretion of PS and protect those changes.