Variations In Mental Foramen Position & Number In Population Of Madhya Pradesh State (central India)

Introduction: Mental foramen is a important landmark for giving anesthesia and surgical operation of low jawand teeth (dental surgery).Aim: So this study done with a purpose to knowing exact position of mandibular foramen . Materials andMethods: For this study Fifty mandible bones (toothed / Non-toothed mandibles) belonging to Madhya-Pradeshstate were studied. All mandibles are of adult person (of either sex - male/Female). In study we observe Positionof mental foramen in relation with body of mandible (distance from symphysis menti, from posterior border oframus of mandible, from base of mandible & from alveolar margin ) and in relation with tooth (below molar orbelow premolar).Result: We find out Mean Distance between mental foramen and base of mandible - 10.5 mm , Mean Distance ofmental foramen from alveolar margin -15.25 mm. Mean distance between mental foramen and symphysis mentiwas - 30.00mm. Mean distance of mental foramen from posterior border of ramus -60.00mm . In study we alsoobserve number of mental foramen on each side in a single mandible.

Effect of yoga practices on pulmonary function tests including transfer factor of lung for carbon monoxide (TLCO) in asthma patients.

Prana is the energy, when the self-energizing force embraces the body with extension and expansion and control, it is pranayama. It may affect the milieu at the bronchioles and the alveoli particularly at the alveolo-capillary membrane to facilitate diffusion and transport of gases. It may also increase oxygenation at tissue level. Aim of our study is to compare pulmonary functions and diffusion capacity in patients of bronchial asthma before and after yogic intervention of 2 months. Sixty stable asthmatic-patients were randomized into two groups i.e group 1 (Yoga training group) and group 2 (control group). Each group included thirty patients. Lung functions were recorded on all patients at baseline, and then after two months. Group 1 subjects showed a statistically significant improvement (P<0.001) in Transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide (TLCO), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1st sec (FEV1), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) and slow vital capacity (SVC) after yoga practice. Quality of life also increased significantly. It was concluded that pranayama & yoga breathing and stretching postures are used to increase respiratory stamina, relax the chest muscles, expand the lungs, raise energy levels, and calm the body.