RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the antibacterial activity and photochemicals of five green leafy vegetables against a panel of five bacteria strains.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Disc diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activity, while kanamycin was used as a reference antibiotic. The phytochemical screening of the extracts was performed using standard methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All methanol extracts were found active against all the test bacterial strains. Overall maximum extracts shows antibacterial activity which range from 6 to 15 mm. Proteins and carbohydrates was found in all the green leaves, whereas alkaloid, steroids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins were found in most of the test samples.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The obtain result suggests that green leafy vegetables have moderate antibacterial activity and contain various pharmacologically active compounds and thus provide the scientific basis for the traditional uses of the studied vegetables in the treatment of bacterial infections.</p>
RESUMO
Schistosomiasis is one of the most important human parasitic diseases. One of the possible methods for the control is through the molluscan intermediate host of the parasite. Biomphalaria arabica, molluscan hosts to Schistosoma mansoni in Saudi Arabia were treated with sublethal concentrations [LC25] of dry powdered leaves Solanum nigrum. Effect of plant on ectonucleotidases [NTPdases] [ADPase and ATPase], sodium/potassium adenosine triphosphatase [Na[+]/K[+] ATPase] and creatine kinase [CK] was traced. The plant molluscicide was potent in inhibiting the four investigated enzymes giving a percentage inhibition range between 45-55%. The effect of the inhibited enzymes on the compatibility of the snail hosts to schistosome parasite was discussed. In conclusion, the use of sublethal concentration of S. nigrum to disturb the biochemical profile of the snail hosts could be a promising and safe strategy to control the disease