RESUMO
El objetivo del presente estudio es efectuar el análisis del impacto de la vigilancia en sus diferentes modalidades en el control de la infección por T. cruzi y la densidad vectorial (Triatoma infestans). Material y métodos: El trabajo fue desarrollado en el Departamento de Capayán, en la provincia de Catamarca, Argentina. Se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 5 comunidades rurales y 3 comunidades peri-urbanas para desarrollar el estudio. Indicadores utilizados: a) infestación domiciliaria en los meses 24, 48 y 96; y b) Infección por T.cruzi de menores de 14 años. Resultados: Se observa persistencia de triatomineos durante el periodo de seguimiento y cuando se comparan los datos del estudio de base (2007) con los obtenidos en el año 2009 y 2012 existe significancia estadística (p <0.04) entre áreas. Se capturaron 1.89 insectos/intradomicilio en áreas con vigilancia activa versus 5.21 insectos/intradomicilio en áreas donde la misma no existió. Se demuestra la existencia de infecciones recientes en niños menores de 4 años e hijos de mujeres negativas para T. cruzi en áreas sin vigilancia activa (3 niños). Conclusión: En la presente investigación se demuestra el impacto de la vigilancia activa en sus diferentes modalidades por la no existencia de casos nuevos vectoriales en el período de seguimiento. (AU)
The aim of this study is to perform the analysis of the impact of surveillance in its various forms in the control of infection by T. cruzi and vector density (Triatoma infestans). Material and Methods: The work was developed in the Department of Capayán, in the Province of Catamarca, Argentina. Eight rural communities were selected to develop the study. Indicators used: a) house infestation in 24 months, 48 and 96; b) T. cruzi infection in children under 14 years. Results: Persistence of triatomine It is observed during the monitoring period as the baseline study (2007) thus obtained in 2009 compared to 2012 there is statistical significance (p <0.04) between areas. 1.89 insect / intradomicile were captured in areas with active surveillance versus 5.21 insect/intradomicile in areas where it did not exist. The existence of recent infections in children under four years of negative women and children for T. cruzi in areas without active surveillance (3 children) is demonstrated. Conclusion: In this research, the impact of active surveillance in its various forms by Vector exists no new cases in the follow-up period shown. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adolescente , Trypanosoma cruzi , Doença de Chagas/epidemiologia , Controle de Vetores de Doenças , Monitoramento Epidemiológico , Argentina , Saneamento de Residências , Programas Nacionais de SaúdeRESUMO
Congenital transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Argentina has being increasing its relative importance with control of vectorial and transfusional transmission growth. It is for this reason that vertical transmission is seen, in the future, as a continuous source of infected newborns, even with vectorial and transfusional transmission completely controlled. Preventing vertical transmission of T.cruzi is not possible, but it can be precociously detected, permitting mother and child to be incorporated into the medical attention system, and so allowing the newborns treatment with practically 100% efficacy. It is estimated that between 800 and 1700 children infected with T. cruzi by congenital transmission are born in Argentina, per year. The implementation of an early strategy of detection for an effective and opportune treatment acquires great relevance as a Public Health measure.