Translation, Cross-cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire into Brazilian Portuguese Language

ABSTRACT Objective: To translate, cross-culturally adapt and test the psychometric properties of the Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire (PFSQ) to Brazilian Portuguese language. Material and Methods: Three stages were carried out: 1st, the 27-item of PFSQ was translated, back-translated, reviewed by a Committee of Experts and pre-tested (n=60), obtaining the cross-culturally adapted version. 2nd, the final version was self-applied by 42 mothers for internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha). After 2-weeks, 19 mothers answered the PFSQ again for reproducibility (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, ICC). 3rd, 204 mothers of children aged 4-5 years answered the PFSQ for translation validation [convergent validity and exploratory factor analysis (EFA)]. Results: For subscales, Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.65 to 0.82; the overall reliability was 0.69, indicating substantial internal consistency. The ICC for overall PFSQ was 0.78 and for domains 0.56-0.89, indicating moderate to excellent reproducibility. 'Control over eating' correlated positively with 'prompting/encouragement to eat' and negatively with 'instrumental feeding'; 'prompting/encouragement to eat' correlated positively with 'emotional feeding'. By EFA, PFSQ items were loaded on four factors. 'Control over eating' and 'prompting/encouragement to eat' settled into two factors, whereas the 'emotional' and 'instrumental feeding' domains into one factor each. Conclusion: Despite the different factors found by AFE related to the original PFSQ, the reliability was satisfactory, making the Brazilian Portuguese version of the PFSQ adequate to assess parental feeding style.

Association of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life with the Longevity of ART-Restorations in Children

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the association of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) with the longevity of ART-restorations in children after 18 months. Material and Methods: A longitudinal clinical study with 62 six- to seven-year-old children, both genders, 31 of whom underwent four weeks of oral health education strategy (OHES) followed by ART (GOHES+ART) and the others only ART (GART). The Brazilian short-version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (16-CPQ8-10) was used to evaluate the OHRQoL and the perception of change in oral health was assessed by a single question. Data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon and Friedman's tests. Results: After 18 months, GOHES+ART reported a greater impairment on OHRQoL, mainly in oral symptoms domain (p<0.05). In this period, greater impairment of oral symptoms was reported in children with failed restorations and with treatment considered to have a minor failure (p<0.05). In inter-group analysis, the GOHES+ART, with 2 to 4 restorations, Class I, of small size, located in the upper arch and with a smaller failure, reported more oral symptoms than the GART. Conclusion: In the long-term, children submitted to OHES followed by ART reported more oral symptoms. Factors such as number, class, size and location of the restorations need to be considered for the implementation of an efficient and effective oral health program, as well as for greater longevity of ART-restorations.

Translation, Transcultural Adaptation and Validation of the Halitosis Associated Life-Quality Test for Use in Brazilian Adolescents

Objective: To perform the transcultural adaptation to Brazil and validation of the Halitosis Associated Life-quality Test (HALT) for use in adolescents. Material and Methods: Students aged 12 to 15 years, of both sexes, with healthy permanent dentition, attending public schools in Piracicaba, Brazil, were selected for this study. The HALT was translated, backtranslated, reviewed by an expert committee and submitted to a pre-test. In the first phase (n = 13), 15% of the sample did not understand items 2, 12 and 15; therefore, these items were reformulated and resubmitted to 13 adolescents. The version with a sociocultural adaptation was self-applied by 56 adolescents (64% females, 13.4 ± 1.0 years), of whom 25 participated in the test-retest. The presence of visible biofilm, gingival bleeding, calculus and tongue coating, was evaluated. Selfperception of halitosis after exhalation/breathing was assessed by a single question. Results: The HALT score ranged from 0 to 62 points (mean = 10.1±13.4) and the floor effect was 5.4%. Internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach's alpha = 0.92) and reproducibility was moderate (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient = 0.59). Individuals with "excessive" tongue coating had a higher HALT score than those with mild and/or moderate coating (p<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that only the male sex was related to a higher HALT score (p<0.05). Conclusion: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the HALT was easily understood by adolescents. Those with greater tongue coating accumulation reported more frequently the presence of halitosis, which was only associated to male sex.

Avaliação da experiência de cárie e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal de escolares / Evaluation of dental caries experience and oral health-related quality of life in schoolchildren

Avaliar a relação entre experiência de cárie, qualidade de vida relacionada à saúdebucal (QVRSB) e fatores socioeconômicos em escolares de rede municipal. Métodos: Esteestudo, de corte transversal, realizado em um município paulista a partir de um levantamentode saúde bucal do ano de 2012, incluiu 142 escolares com 12 anos completos paraavaliação da QVRSB por meio do Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11-14) e de fatoressocioeconômicos (escolaridade dos pais, renda, número de cômodos e número de pessoasque habitam o domicílio). A experiência de cárie foi avaliada e expressa pelo índice CPODe ceo-d (número de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados na dentição permanente e decídua,respectivamente). A análise consistiu de estatística descritiva, uso dos testes Qui-quadrado,Mann-Whitney e correlação de Spearman. Resultados: Do total, 58,5% (n=83) dos escolaresapresentaram experiência de cárie (CPOD+ceo-d≥1), os quais também apresentaram maioresescores na percepção global em saúde bucal (2,6±0,9 x 2,1±0,8), na escala total (33,0±22,6x 21,9±14,5) e nos domínios bem-estar emocional (11,4±8,6 x 6,6±5,8) e bem-estar social(7,7±8,2 x 4,4±4,9) quando comparados àqueles sem experiência de cárie. Observousetambém correlação positiva significativa entre o número de pessoas que habitavam odomicílio e o índice CPOD/ceo-d (r=0,2670; p=0,003). Conclusão: A experiência de cárierelacionou-se com uma percepção negativa da saúde bucal, principalmente nos aspectosemocional e social, e com o número de pessoas que habitavam o domicílio...