Avaliação da percepção auditiva em mulheres durante ciclo menstrual: revisão sistemática / Evaluation of auditory perception in women during menstrual cycle: a systematic review / Percepción de evaluación de audiencia sobre la mujer durante el ciclo menstrual: revisión sistemática

Introdução: As flutuações hormonais que ocorrem normalmente durante o ciclo menstrual podem interferir no sistema auditivo. A alteração mais encontrada neste período é a diminuição da acuidade auditiva, que parece estar mais associada à flutuação dos níveis de estrogênio, quando este se encontra reduzido na fase lútea final do período menstrual. Objetivo: Investigar por meio de uma revisão sistemática a percepção auditiva de mulheres durante as fases do ciclo menstrual. Método: Foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados eletrônicas, nacionais e internacionais, LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed e SciELO, através da consulta pelos seguintes descritores: "percepção auditiva" AND "ciclo menstrual", "percepção de fala" AND "ciclo menstrual", "percepção de fala" AND "hormônios" e seus correspondentes na língua inglesa. Resultados: Dos 293 artigos encontrados, foram selecionados apenas 7 artigos, após os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. A caracterização da amostra dos artigos selecionados variou entre 15 a 39 mulheres, com idade variando entre 17 e 46 anos. Na maioria dos artigos, nenhum tipo de procedimento clínico para estimar as fases do ciclo menstrual foi utilizado. Foi observada a realização de testes de percepção auditiva nos sete artigos selecionados, tendo destaque os testes dicóticos. Conclusão: Há necessidade da realização de mais pesquisas sobre o assunto, exigindo-se também maior rigor metodológico na elaboração desses estudos, através de procedimentos clínicos seguros e padronizados para mensuração dos níveis hormonais.

Introduction: Hormonal fluctuations that normally occur during the menstrual cycle can interfere with the audio system. The change most found in this period is the reduction of auditory acuity, which seems to be more related to fluctuating estrogen levels, when it is reduced in the luteal phase of the menstrual period end. Objective: Investigate through a systematic review hearing in women during the menstrual cycle phases. Method: A search was made in the electronic databases, national and international, LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed and SciELO, by consulting the following descriptors: "auditory perception" and "menstrual cycle", "speech perception" and "menstrual cycle", "speech perception" and "hormones" and their corresponding in Portuguese. Results: Twenty-two articles were found, but only 7 articles were chosen after the criteria for inclusion and exclusion. The amount of the sample of selected articles ranged between 15 and 39 women, aged between 17 and 46 years old. In most articles, any type of medical procedure to estimate the phases of the menstrual cycle was used. The performance of auditory perception tests in the seven selected articles was observed, highlighted with the dichotic tests. Conclusion: There is a need of further research on the subject, demanding a greater methodological rigor in the preparation of these studies, through clinical safe and standardized to measure hormone levels procedures.

Introducción: Las fluctuaciones hormonales que ocurren normalmente durante el ciclo menstrual puede interferir con el sistema de audio. El hallazgo más frecuente en este periodo es la reducción de la agudeza auditiva, lo que parece estar más relacionado con la fluctuación de los niveles de estrógenos, cuando se reduce en la fase lútea del final del periodo menstrual. Objetivos: Investigar a través de una revisión sistemática de la percepción auditiva de la mujer durante las fases del ciclo menstrual. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en bases de datos electrónicas, nacionales e internacionales, LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed y SciELO, mediante la consulta de los siguientes descriptores: "la percepción auditiva" Y "ciclo menstrual", "la percepción del habla" Y "ciclo menstrual", "la percepción del habla" y "hormonas" y sus homólogos en el idioma Inglés. Resultados: De los 293 artículos encontrados, se seleccionaron sólo 7 artículos, después de que los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. La caracterización de la muestra de los artículos seleccionados osciló entre 15 y 39 mujeres, con edades comprendidas entre los 17 y 46 años. En la mayoría de los artículos, cualquier tipo de procedimiento médico para estimación se utilizan las fases del ciclo menstrual. el rendimiento de la prueba de percepción auditiva se observó en los siete elementos seleccionados, resalte que tiene dicóticos. Conclusión: Existe la necesidad de más investigación sobre el tema, lo que requiere también mayor rigor metodológico en la elaboración de estos estudios, através de procedimientos clínicos segura y estandarizada para medir los niveles hormonales.

Variation in the Hearing Threshold in Women during the Menstrual Cycle

Abstract Introduction The hormonal changes that occur during the menstrual cycle and their relationship with hearing problems have been studied. However, they have not been well explained. Objective The objective of our study is to investigate the variation in hearing thresholds in women during the menstrual cycle. Method We conducted a cohort and longitudinal study. It was composed of 30 volunteers, aged 18-39 years old, of which 20 were women during the phases of the menstrual cycle and 10 were men (control group) who underwent audiometry and impedance exams, to correlate the possible audiological changes in each phase of the menstrual cycle. Results There were significant changes in hearing thresholds observed during the menstrual cycle phases in the group of women who used hormonal contraceptives and the group who did not use such contraceptives. Improved hearing thresholds were observed in the late follicular phase in the group who did not use hormonal contraceptives and the hearing thresholds at high frequencies were better. Throughout the menstrual cycle phases, the mean variation was 3.6 db HL between weeks in the group who used hormonal contraceptives and 4.09 db HL in the group who did not use them. Conclusions The present study found that there may be a relationship between hearing changes and hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle based on changes in the hearing thresholds of women. In addition, this study suggests that estrogen has an otoprotective effect on hearing, since the best hearing thresholds were found when estrogen was at its maximum peak.