Effects of chromium picolinate supplementation in type 2 diabetic patients / Efeitos da suplementação com picolinato de cromo em pacientes portadores de Diabetes mellitus tipo 2

The effects of chromium picolinate in Type 2 diabetic patients are investigated. Seventeen Type 2 diabetic patients were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group received fiber-rich hypocaloric diet and chromium picolinate whereas the control group received fiber-rich hypocaloric diet and placebo. The chromium picolinate was offered twice a day at the dose of 100 µg. Anthropometric data such as blood pressure, fasting glycemia and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured and these parameters were evaluated again after 90 days. No difference was reported in rates of body weight, waist, hip, body mass index, blood pressure and fasting glycemia (Control vs. Experimental groups) after treatment. However, a decrease (p = 0.0405) of HbA1c occurred in the experimental group when the pre-and post-treatment rates were compared. HbA1c data showed that chromium picolinate improved the glycemic control in Type 2 diabetes.

Neste estudo investigamos os efeitos do picolinato de cromo em pacientes portadores de Diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Para alcançar este objetivo 17 pacientes foram aleatoriamente divididos em 2 grupos. O grupo Experimental recebeu dieta hipocalórica rica em fibras e picolinato de cromo enquanto o grupo Controle recebeu dieta hipocalórica rica em fibras e placebo. Picolinato de cromo foi oferecido na dose de 100 µg, 2 vezes ao dia. Avaliamos os dados antropométricos, pressão arterial, glicemia de jejum e hemoglobina glicada A1c (HbA1c), sendo estes parâmetros reavaliados após 90 dias. Os resultados de peso, cintura, quadril, índice de massa corpórea, pressão arterial e glicemia de jejum, antes e após o tratamento não foram diferentes (Controle vs. Experimental). Contudo, houve redução (p = 0,0405) da HbA1c no grupo Experimental, ao compararmos os valores antes e após o tratamento. Portanto, a partir dos dados de HbA1c foi possível evidenciar que o picolinato de cromo melhora o controle glicêmico no Diabetes mellitus tipo 2.

Oxidative stress parameters as biomarkers of risk factor for diabetic foot among the patients with type 2 diabetes

The aim of this study was to determine whether plasma levels of carbonylated proteins, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and reduced protein thiols could be suitable biomarkers of risk factors for diabetic foot. Individuals with type 2 diabetes with normal protective sensation (normal foot group) vs. loss of protective sensation and/or signs of peripheral arterial disease and/or foot deformities and/or history of ulcers and/or neuropathic fractures and/or amputation (diabetic foot group) were compared. The diabetic foot group showed higher carbonylated protein levels (P = 0.0457) and lower levels of TAC (P = 0.0148) and reduced protein thiols (P = 0.0088), compared with the normal foot group. In general, several other parameters of risk of diabetes complication (blood levels of glycated hemoglobin, glucose and cholesterol, duration of diabetes, body mass index and waist circumference) showed a tendency of higher values in the diabetic foot group. The results suggest that the plasma levels of carbonylated proteins, TAC and reduced protein thiols could furnish information about the risk of diabetic foot, considering that the changes in these biomarkers were associated with the loss of sensitivity and foot ulcerations.

Comparative performance of lab tests and blood testing device to monitor glucose, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol in type 2 diabetic patients / Desempenho comparativo de testes de laboratório e de dispositivos de teste de sangue para monitorar glicose, colesterol total e triglicérides em pacientes diabéticos tipo 2

The performance of lab tests (LT) and blood testing devices (BTD) to monitor glycemia vs. glycated hemoglobin A1c (A1c) were compared. In addition, the performance of blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC) and triacylglycerol measured by LT and BDT were compared. All parameters were measured based on the same blood samples from overnight fasted type 2 diabetic patients (T2DP). Linear regression analysis was used for all comparisons. The results showed that A1c correlated better with LT-glucose (r = 0.58) than BTD-glucose (r = 0.42). Moreover, LT vs. BTD showed r values of 0.90, 0.82 and 0.92 for glucose, TC and triacylglycerol, respectively. It was concluded that the performance of LT-glucose was better than BDT-glucose. Moreover, since triacylycerol and TC measured by BTD correlated better with LT compared to BDT-glucose vs. LT-glucose, the inclusion of BTD-TC and BTD-triacylglycerol for detecting and monitoring hyperlipidemia in T2DP should be considered.

Comparou-se a performance de avaliação da glicemia através de dosagens laboratoriais (DL) ou dispositivo para teste de sangue capilar (DTSC) vs. hemoglobina glicada A1c (A1c). Comparou-se ainda a performance de avaliação da glicemia, colesterol total (CT) e triacilglicerol (DL vs. DTSC). Avaliou-se estes parametros a partir das mesmas amostras de sangue coletadas em pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 (PDT2) em jejum noturno, sendo as comparações realizadas através de análise de regressão linear. A A1c correlacionou-se melhor com a glicemia-DL (r = 0,58) em relação a glicemia-DTSC (r = 0,42). Comparou-se DL vs. DTSC obtendo se r = 0,90, 0,82 e 0,92 para glicemia, CT e triacilglicerol, respectivamente. Concluiu-se que houve melhor performance da glicose-DL em relação a glicose-DTSC. Além disso, considerando que o triacilglicerol e TC avaliado através de DTSC correlaciona-se melhor com DL em comparação a DTSC-glicose vs. DL-glicose, a inclusão de DTSC-TC e DTSC-triacilglicerol visando detectar e monitorar hyperlipidemia in PDT2 deve ser considerada.