Expression and clinical significance of plasma exosomal miR-34-5p and miR-142-3p in systemic sclerosis / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To detect the expression of plasma exosomal microRNA (miRNA) in systemic sclerosis (SSc), and to investigate its clinical significance.@*METHODS@#A total of 20 patients who were initially diagnosed with SSc and did not receive medication in Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of Meizhou People' s Hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 were recruited, as well as 15 healthy individuals whose gender and age matched with those of the SSc patients. Plasma exosomes were isolated using ultracentrifugation method. The expression levels of exosomal miR-34-5p, miR-92-3p and miR-142-3p were detected by quantative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Correlations between the expression levels of exosomal miRNAs and clinical characteristic were analyzed by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient test.@*RESULTS@#The mean age of 20 patients with SSc was (52.6±12.6) years, including 7 males and 13 females. Among the 20 SSc patients, 13 cases were diagnosed as limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc) and 7 cases were diagnosed as diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc) according to the extent of skin involvement. According to the findings of high resolution chest CT, 7 of 20 SSc patients were diagnosed with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and 13 SSc patients were diagnosed with non-ILD. The expression levels of exosomal miR-34-5p, miR-92-3p and miR-142-3p were significantly elevated in the SSc patients compared with those in the healthy controls group (P=0.003, P=0.000 1, and P=0.016, respectively). Compared with the SSc patients without ILD, the expression levels of miR-34-5p and miR-142-3p were significantly lower in the SSc patients with ILD (P=0.037 and P=0.015, respectively). The expression levels of exosomal miR-34-5p and miR-142-3p showed negative correlation with ILD (r=-0.48, P=0.031 and r=-0.55, P=0.011, respectively), and arthritis (r=-0.46, P=0.040 and r=-0.48, P=0.032, respectively). The expression levels of exosomal miR-142-3p showed a negative correlation with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (r=-0.55, P=0.012).@*CONCLUSION@#Plasma exosomal miR-34-5p, miR-92-3p and miR-142-3p were dysregulated in SSc. The dyregulation of exosomal miR-34-5p and miR-142-3p showed correlation with SSc associated ILD (SSc-ILD).

The Relation between Care Worker’s Empathic Response and Specificity of Autobiographic Memory in Health Elderly Living Alone

Objective@#This study aimed to investigate relation between empathic response of care workers and specificity of autobio-graphic memory of the elderly living alone. @*Methods@#An interview of autobiographical memory was conducted on 66 physically and mentally healthy elderly people living alone in the community. The transcript was used to evaluate the empathic responses of the care workers and to classify thespecificity of the autobiographical memory into four categories: episodic, categoric, semantic, and error. Logistic regression was used for investigation relation between empathic response of care workers and specificity of autobiographic memory of the elder-ly living alone. @*Results@#More than half of the elderly reported specific autobiographical memories, and the interviewers showed a high level of empathic response when the elderly reported specific memories. Episodic and categoric autobiographical memory had a high empathic response of interviewer, and semantic memory or error type memory had a low empathic response. Empathy enhance-ment program experience showed not significantly association with empathic response of interviewer. @*Conclusion@#Further research is needed on interview techniques that can easily and conveniently talk about specific autobio-graphical memories.

Clinical significance of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in the early diagnosis of renal function deterioration after radical nephrectomy / 고신대학교의과대학학술지

OBJECTIVES: The standard metrics used to monitor the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI) include markers such as serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Moreover, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) expression has been reported to modulate oxidative stress. METHODS: We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of serum NGAL levels for monitoring renal function after radical nephrectomy (RN). We prospectively collected data from 30 patients who underwent RN. We analyzed serum NGAL and creatinine at 6 time points: preoperative day 1, right after surgery, 6 hours after surgery, postoperative day (POD) 1, POD 3, and POD 5. We compared these measurements according to the eGFR values (classified as chronic kidney disease stage III; CKD III or not) using data obtained 3 months after surgery. RESULTS: The mean age was 65.5 years (range, 45–77 years), and the male-to-female ratio was 2:1. At the last follow-up examination, there were 12 patients (40%) with CKD III. Using receiver operating characteristic analysis, we found that serum creatinine on POD 5 (area under the curve [AUC], 0.887; P= 0.000) and NGAL at 6 hours after LRN (AUC, 0.743, P= 0.026) were significant predictors of CKD III. The development of CKD III after LRN was associated with the serum creatinine level on POD 5 and the NGAL at 6 hours after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to serum creatinine, serum NGAL enabled earlier prediction of postoperative CKD III. Therefore, serum NGAL measured 6 hours after surgery could be a useful marker for managing patients after RN.

The Effect of Serum Cytokine Levels prior Transplantation on the Outcome of Severe Aplastic Anemia Patients Received Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the role of serum cytokine levels prior allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell trans-plantation (allo-HSCT) in the outcome of severe aplastic anemia (SAA) patients received allo-HSCT treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 117 SAA patients received allo-HSCT were enrolled in this study. The overall survival (OS), graft versus host disease (GVHD) incidence and relationship of serum cytokines with OS and major transplantation complications were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patients enrolled in this study included 78(66.7%) cases received HSCT matched sibling donors (MSD), 12(10.2%) HSCT of unrelated donors (MUD) and 27 cases received HSCT of haploidentical donors (HID). The 5-years OS was 76.0%(95% CI: 64.4-87.5%); aGVHD cumulative incidence was 49.6%(95% CI: 40.4%-58.8%) and cumulative incidence cGVHD was 31.6%(95% CI:23.1%-40.2%). MSD allo-HSCT had a significantly higher 5-years OS as compared with the other donors(82.3%±6.6% vs 61.3%±11.7%, P<0.05). HLA matching, donor's age, cytomegalovirus/ Epstein-Barr virus (CMV/EBV) infection were important factors of affecting occurence of aGVHD. The patients with higher serum IL-6 had reduced platelet recovery time after transplantation (14.6±1.8 vs 18.3±2.6 d)(P=0.050) and higher serum TNF-α level accompanied by a lower incidence of CMV/EBV infection (37.8%±11.1% vs 58.8±16.8%)(P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MSD allo-HSCT is the effective treatment for SAA patients. Donor's type remains the strong predictor of survival. The serum levels IL-6 and TNF-α before transplantation associate with platelet recovery and CMV/EBV infection.</p>

Expression of sex hormones and their receptors in female patients with different types of thyroid nodules / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To investigate the levels of estrogen,progesterone,follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),and luteinizing hormone (LH) in serum and the expression of ER,PR,FSH receptor (FSHR),and LH receptor (LHR) in thyroid tissues of patients with different types of thyroid nodules.Methods Serum levels of estrogen,progesterone,FSH,and LH were measured by chemiluminescence and expression of ER,PR,FSHR,and LHR in thyroid tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry in female patients with thyroid adenoma (n＝97),nodular goiter (n＝103),thyroid papillary cancer (n＝208),poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (n＝17),or undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma (n＝10) and in normal controls (n＝60) from Dec.2009 to Dec.2014 in Department of Thyroid Surgery of the First Hospital of Jilin University.Results The positive rates of serum estrogen level and ER expression were significantly greater in patients with various types of thyroid nodules than in normal controls.The positive rates of ER expression were significantly lower in various types of thyroid nodules than in normal thyroid tissues,especially in poorly differentiated carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma.The negative rates of serum progesterone level and positive rates of PR expression in thyroid tissue were significantly greater in patients with thyroid adenoma,nodular goiter,or thyroid papillary cancer than in normal controls.The positive rates of serum FSH and LH levels and FSHR and LHR expression were significantly greater in the thyroid adenoma group than in other groups.Conclusions The occurance of thyroid nodules might be related to sex hormone.The combined detection of serum levels of sex hormones and expression of their receptors allows for a differential diagnosis and evaluation of the degree of differentiation among various types of thyroid nodules.

Influence of MicroRNA-382 on Biological Properties of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of microRNA-382 (miR-382) on the biological properties of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mimics and inhibitor of miR-382 were transfected into hUC-MSC with lipo2000. Inverted microscopy was used to observe the morphology change of hUC-MSC. The proliferation of hUC-MSC was detected by CCK-8. Oil red O and alizarin red staining were applied to assess the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of hUC-MSC. Cetylpyridinium chloride was used to the quantitative analysis of osteogenic differentiation. The expression of Runx2 and some cytokines were detected by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>miR-382 did not influence the morphology, proliferation and adipogenic differentiation of hUC-MSC miR-382 inhibited the expression of Runx2, thus could inhibit the osteogenesis of hUC-MSC, being confirmed by alizarin red stain; miR-382 could influence the expression of key cytokines secreted from hUC-MSC, such as IL-6, IDO1, G-CSF, M-CSF, GM-CSF.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>miR-382 decreases the expression of Runx2 and inhibites the osteogenesis of hUC-MSC. In addition, it also affects the expression of some key cytokines secreted from hUC-MSC.</p>

Effect of Shengmai injection () on diaphragmatic contractility in doxorubicin-treated rats / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the diaphragmatic toxicity in doxorubicin (DOX)-treated rats and the related mechanisms, as well as the effects of Shengmai Injection (SMI, ) on the diaphragmatic dysfunction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, DOX-treated and DOX+SMI treated groups. DOX was given to rats in DOX and DOX+SMI groups in 6 equal doses [2.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)], on alternate days, over a period of 2 weeks for a cumulative dose of 15 mg/kg. SMI was given to DOX+SMI rats in 12 doses (3 mL/kg, i.p.) for a period of 2 weeks before the administration of DOX and 2 weeks during the administration of DOX. The rats in the control group received equal volume of normal saline. Subsequently, the twitch and tetanic characteristics and force-frequency relationships, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, as well as the mRNA content and proteins of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The DOX-treated rats had decreased the peak twitch tension (Pt), maximal tetanic tension (P0) and force-frequency relationship as compared with the control rats (P<0.01), while the diaphragm contractility in rats treated with SMI were significantly higher than that in DOX-treated rats (P<0.01). The DOX-treated rats had increased MAD levels and decreased SOD activities (P<0.05), and SMI decreased the MDA levels and increased the SOD activities in DOX-treated rats (P<0.05). Ultrastructure of diaphragm in the DOX-treated rats revealed typical alterations including fracture of diaphragm fibers, and edema and degeneration of mitochondria; these changes were relieved by SMI treatment. The mRNA content and protein of iNOS in DOX-treated rats were remarkably higher than those in control rats (P<0.01), while SMI decreased the mRNA expression level of iNOS in DOX-treated rats (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Lipid peroxidation is responsible for DOX-induced diaphragm toxicity. SMI protects diaphragm muscles and their function from DOX impairment, and these beneficial effects may be somehow correlated with the decrease in expression of iNOS and lipid peroxidation.</p>

Intestinal absorption of berberine and 8-hydroxy dihydroberberine and their effects on sugar absorption in rat small intestine / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The intestinal absorption of berberine (Ber) and its structural modified compound 8-hydroxy dihydroberberine (Hdber) was compared, and their effects on the intestinal absorption of sugar by perfusion experiment were investigated in order to reveal the mechanism of low dose and high activity of Hdber in the treatment of hyperglycemia. The absorption of Hdber and Ber in rat small intestine was measured by in situ perfusion. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the concentrations of Hdber and Ber. In situ perfusion method was also used to study the effects of Hdber and Ber on sugar intestinal absorption. Glucose oxidase method and UV spectrophotometry were applied to examine the concentrations of glucose and sucrose in the perfusion fluid. The results showed that the absorption rate of Ber in the small intestine was lower than 10%, but that of Hdber was larger than 70%. Both Hdber and Ber inhibited the absorption of glucose and sucrose at the doses of 10 and 20 μg/mL. However, Hdber presented stronger activity than Ber (P<0.01). It is suggested that Hdber is absorbed easily in rat small intestine and that its inhibitory effect on the absorption of sugar is better than Ber.

Negative modulation of NO for diaphragmatic contractile reduction induced by sepsis and restraint position / 法医学杂志

In practice of forensic medicine, potential disease can be associated with fatal asphyxia in restraint position. Research has demonstrated that nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) are plentifully distributed in skeletal muscle, contributing to the regulation of contractile and relaxation. In the current study, respiratory functions, indices of diaphragmatic biomechanical functions ex vivo, as well as NO levels in serum, the expressions of diaphragmatic inducible NOS (iNOS) mRNA, and the effects of L-NNA on contractility of the diaphragm were observed in sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) under the condition of restraint position. The results showed that in the CLP12-18h rats, respiratory dysfunctions; indices of diaphragmatic biomechanical functions (Pt, +dT/dt(max), -dT/dt(max), CT, Po, force over the full range of the force-frequency relationship and fatigue resistance) declined progressively; the NO level in serum, and iNOS mRNA expression in the diaphragm increased progressively; force increased significantly at all stimulation frequencies after L-NNA pre-incubation. Restraint position 1 h in CLP12 h rats resulted in severe respiratory dysfunctions after relative stable respiratory functions, almost all the indices of diaphragmatic biomechanical functions declined further, whereas little change took place in NO level in serum and diaphragmatic iNOS mRNA expression; and the effects of L-NNA were lack of statistical significance compared with those of CLP12 h, but differed from CLP18 h group. These results suggest that restraint position and sepsis act together in a synergistic manner to aggravate the great reduction of diaphragmatic contractility via, at least in part, the negative modulation of NO, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of positional asphyxia.

Intestinal absorption of berberine and 8-hydroxy dihydroberberine and their effects on sugar absorption in rat small intestine / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The intestinal absorption of berberine (Ber) and its structural modified compound 8-hydroxy dihydroberberine (Hdber) was compared, and their effects on the intestinal absorption of sugar by perfusion experiment were investigated in order to reveal the mechanism of low dose and high activity of Hdber in the treatment of hyperglycemia. The absorption of Hdber and Ber in rat small intestine was measured by in situ perfusion. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the concentrations of Hdber and Ber. In situ perfusion method was also used to study the effects of Hdber and Ber on sugar intestinal absorption. Glucose oxidase method and UV spectrophotometry were applied to examine the concentrations of glucose and sucrose in the perfusion fluid. The results showed that the absorption rate of Ber in the small intestine was lower than 10%, but that of Hdber was larger than 70%. Both Hdber and Ber inhibited the absorption of glucose and sucrose at the doses of 10 and 20 μg/mL. However, Hdber presented stronger activity than Ber (P<0.01). It is suggested that Hdber is absorbed easily in rat small intestine and that its inhibitory effect on the absorption of sugar is better than Ber.

The changes of inducible nitric oxide synthase activity and apoptosis-related gene expression in endotoxemia-induced rat diaphragm / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the changes of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity and apoptosis-related genes Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 mRNA expressions in endotoxemia-induced rat diaphragm injury and analyze the related apoptosis mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 8): control group (saline 0.5 ml ip), endotoxin 24 h, 48 h and 96 h group (endotoxin 12 mg/kg ip, animals were killed either 24, 48 or 96 h after injections). Body weight were measured, the ratio between diaphragm weight and body weight, activities of constitutive nitric oxide syntheses (cNOS), iNOS and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) were also measured. The expressions of Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Endotoxin induced significant reductions in diaphragm mass in endotoxin 96 h group (P < 0.05). Endotoxin increased diaphragm cNOS or iNOS activities, and they were significantly higher in endotoxin 96 h group than those in endotoxin 24 h and 48 h groups, diaphragm SDH activity was reduced, and it was lower in endotoxin 96 h group than that in endotoxin 24 h and 48 h groups (P < 0.01). Endotoxin significantly increased Bax and caspase-3 mRNA expressions, and they were higher in endotoxin 48 h and 96 h groups than those in endotoxin 24 h group (P < 0.01). Endotoxin significantly reduced Bcl-2 mRNA expression and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and they were lower in endotoxin 48 h and 96 h groups than those in endotoxin 24 h group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>iNOS is activated in endotoxemia-induced rat diaphragm injury. It damages mitochondria, upregulates Bax expression and downregulates Bcl-2 expression, then induces caspase-3 related apoptotic pathway. These changes may cause diaphragm injury and atrophy.</p>

The role of nitric oxide in ethanol postconditioning induced cardioprotection / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether the release of nitric oxide (NO) was involved in the cardioprotection of ethanol postconditioning in isolated rat hearts.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Hearts isolated from male SD rats were subjected to 30 min of regional ischemia (occlusion of left anterior descending artery) followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Ethanol postconditioning was fulfilled through perfusion of 50 mmol/L ethanol for 15 min (at the end of cardiac ischemia for 5 min and at the beginning of reperfusion for 10 min). The rats were divided into five groups: normal, ischemia and reperfusion, ethanol postconditioning, ethanol postconditioning + L-nitro-arginine-methylester (L-NAME) and ethanol postconditioning + atractyloside. The ventricular hemodynamic parameters and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release during reperfusion were measured. The infarct size was measured by TTC staining method and NO content was measured by nitric acid reductase method. The expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA were detected by RT-PCR analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In contrast to ischemia and reperfusion, ethanol postconditioning improved left ventricular developed pressure, rate pressure product during reperfusion, reduced LDH release and infarct size. NO content was decreased. The ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was increased. Administration of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME or mitochondrial permeability transition pore opener atractyloside both attenuated the role of ethanol postconditioning, which inhibited the recovery of hemodynamic parameters, the decreases of LDH and infarct size. NO content was decreased further. The ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was decreased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The cardioprotection of ethanol postconditioning may be associated with reducing nitric oxide release, inhibiting the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore and decreasing the happening of apoptosis.</p>

Effects of restraint position on changes of diaphragmatic mechanical characteristic in rats / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe effects of restraint position on the changes of diaphragmatic mechanical characteristic in rats, and try to explore the role of nitric oxide (NO).@*METHODS@#Rat model of restraint position was established. Rats were divided into control group, restraint position 12h and 24h groups. The markers of respiratory functions in vivo and the biomechanical markers of diaphragmatic characteristic ex vivo were evaluated. Serum NO levels were measured with spectrophotometry. The expressions of nNOS and iNOS mRNA in diaphragm were detected using RT-PCR.@*RESULTS@#Compared with control group, respiratory rate, tidal volume and minute ventilation were significantly decreased in the restraint position 12h and 24h groups. Pt of diaphragm significantly decreased and force-generating capacity reduced at low frequency stimulation in 12h group. Force-generating capacity over the full range reduced at low and high frequency stimulation in 24h group. Pt of diaphragm in control and restraint position groups increased after L-NNA pre-incubation. Force-frequency relationship after L-NNA pre-incubation reduced in 24h group. NO level in serum increased significantly in the restraint position groups. Diaphragmatic nNOS mRNA expression was upregulated significantly in the restraint position groups.@*CONCLUSION@#Restraint position induces the decreasement of diaphragmatic contractility and the decreasement is mediated by NO from diaphragm or circulation blood.

Activation of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 and inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore involved in cardioprotection of ethanol postconditioning / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether activation of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mitoPTP) were involved in the cardioprotection of ethanol postconditioning in isolated rat heart.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Hearts isolated from male Sprague-Dawley rats were perfused on a langendorff apparatus and subjected to 30 min of regional ischemia (occlusion of left anterior descending artery) followed by 120 min of reperfusion. The ventricular hemodynamic parameters and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release during reperfusion were measured. Infarct size was measured by TTC staining method and the expression of ALDH2 at mRNA level of left anterior myocardium was detected by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In contrast to ischemia and reperfusion, ethanol postconditioning improved the recovery of left ventricular developed pressure, maximal rise/fall rate of left ventricular pressure during reperfusion, reduced LDH release and infarct size. The expression of ALDH2 mRNA level was increased. Administration of mitoPTP activator atractyloside attenuated the effect of ethanol postconditioning, LDH release and infarct size were increased, and the recovery of hemodynamic parameters was inhibited. The expression of ALDH2 mRNA was decreased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ethanol postconditioning has cardioprotection effect, which may be associated with upregulating mitochondrial ALDH2 mRNA expression and inhibiting the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore.</p>

Changes in Semen Parameters After Varicocelectomy: a Comparative Study of the Laparoscopic and Microsurgical Inguinal Approach / 대한남성과학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the surgical outcomes of two different surgical methods for varicocelectomy, and to assess the effects of varicocelectomy on semen parameters in subinfertile men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 63 patients with clinically palpable varicocele and abnormal semen parameters who underwent varicocelectomy. Thirty-three patients underwent laparoscopic varicocelectomy, and 30 received microsurgical inguinal varicocelectomy. Semen analyses were performed 5.3 months later, and compared with the pre-operative data. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 32.1+/-1.3 years old. Comparison of the semen parameters between pre and post-varicocelectomy revealed significant improvement in the sperm count (p<0.05). In laparoscopic and microsurgical inguinal varicocelectomy, the sperm counts were increased from 16.2+/-4.3 to 30.6+/-7.5 and from 15.4+/-3.8 to 37.5+/-7.7, respectively. Sperm motility also tended to improve. CONCLUSIONS: Varicocelectomy enhanced semen parameters after both laparoscopic and microsurgical methods. In subfertile men, early varicocelectomy is recommended.

Changes in Semen Parameters After Varicocelectomy: a Comparative Study of the Laparoscopic and Microsurgical Inguinal Approach / 대한남성과학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the surgical outcomes of two different surgical methods for varicocelectomy, and to assess the effects of varicocelectomy on semen parameters in subinfertile men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 63 patients with clinically palpable varicocele and abnormal semen parameters who underwent varicocelectomy. Thirty-three patients underwent laparoscopic varicocelectomy, and 30 received microsurgical inguinal varicocelectomy. Semen analyses were performed 5.3 months later, and compared with the pre-operative data. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 32.1+/-1.3 years old. Comparison of the semen parameters between pre and post-varicocelectomy revealed significant improvement in the sperm count (p<0.05). In laparoscopic and microsurgical inguinal varicocelectomy, the sperm counts were increased from 16.2+/-4.3 to 30.6+/-7.5 and from 15.4+/-3.8 to 37.5+/-7.7, respectively. Sperm motility also tended to improve. CONCLUSIONS: Varicocelectomy enhanced semen parameters after both laparoscopic and microsurgical methods. In subfertile men, early varicocelectomy is recommended.

Two cases of acute lung injury caused by nitrogen dioxide inhalation / 결핵

No abstract available.

Susceptibilities of 172 Strains of Staphylococcus Aureus to Various Antibiotics

In recent years, the resistance of staphylococci to may antibiotics is believed to be increase. We here present data on the prevalence of such resistance among 172 strains of staphylococcus aureus encountered at Department of Pediatrics of National Medical Center from 1973 to 1977. Since the resistant degree of the sensitive aorganisms to a certain antibiotics is chiefly dependent upon to difference in number and species of strains of micro-organism and their future management of staphylococcal infections. The results are summarized as follows: in the future management of staphylococcal infections. The results are summarized as follows: 1.The sex ratio between male and female was 1.3:1 with male preponderance. Most of the patient were distributed in newborn and infancy. 2. The mean number of annual isolated incidence was 34 to 35 cases. 3. The over-all incidence of mixed infection are 11.0% of the total strains isolated. 4. Overall incidence of antibiotic sensitivities of 172 strains of staphylococcus aureus are: Leu 97.6%, Cefa 97.5%, Meth 95.1%, GM 90.9%, Clox 73.2%, Doxy 67.6%, SM 56.2%, CM 51.7%, EM 47.3%, Carb 36.3%, TC 24.6%, PC 20.7%, respectively. 5. Sites of isolation of 172 strains of staphylococcus aureus strains studied are : throat 32.5%, Pus from wound or abscess 28.6%, umbilicus 22.6%, blood 5.8%, eye 5.2%, ear 2.9%, joint and pleura 1.2%, respectively.

A case of total aganglionic intestine

A case of total aganglionic intestine in a new born infant is presented with a review of literature. Persistent vomiting, abdominal distension, failure to pass meconeum since brith were manifested. All X-rays showed multiple fluid level suggesting intestinal obstruction. In spite of colostomy with meticulous medical care, the patient expired due to cachexia. Postmortem autopsy findings were complete abscence of Auerbach's plexuses in entire intestine including esophagus, stomach, small intestine and colon.