The hippocampal proteomics mechanism of thalidomide in Alzheimer's disease model mice induced by Aβ / 中国药理学通报

Aim To observe the effect of thalidomide on the learning and memory ability and hippocampal tissue proteome of Alzheimer's disease(AD)mice,to screen the differential proteins of thalidomide in preventing and treating AD,the pathways involved in regulation,and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods The experimental mice were randomly divided into blank control group,model group,and thalidomide high and low dose groups. The drugs were administered by gavage every day for 21 days. After the administration,Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the learning and memory abilities of the mice,HE staining and Nissl staining were used to observe the pathological tissue morphology of the mouse hippocampus,ELISA was employed to detect the mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme complex in mouse brain,and the Label-free proteomics method was used to screen different groups of hippocampal proteome proteins. Results The results of the Morris water maze showed that compared with the model group,the escape latency time of the drug group was significantly reduced,and the number of crossing the platform significantly increased(P<0.05). Thalidomide administration could improve the morphological structure of neurons in hippocampus,and could increase the activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex ,Ⅱ, and of the brain tissues of AD mice(P<0.05). A total of 4 378 differential proteins were identified,which had a significant regulatory effect on the expression of 580 proteins in hippocampus of AD mice(P<0.05). Energy metabolism may jointly participate in the regulation of neurodegeneration pathways-changes in pathways such as various diseases and Alzheimer's disease. Conclusions Thalidomide can significantly improve the learning and memory function of AD model mice induced by Aβ

Interactions between Cannabis Fructus and human gut microflora / 中草药

Objective To explore the characteristics of the interactions between traditional laxative medicine Cannabis Fructus and human gut microflora. Methods HPLC method was used to determine the content of the main unsaturated fatty acids linoleic acid and linolenic acid in Cannabis Fructus Decoction. At the same time, solid culture and liquid culture in vitro anaerobic culture method were combined with 16 S rRNA technology to analyze the interactions between Cannabis Fructus Decotion and human gut microflora. Moreover, the metabolits of linoleic acid and linolenic acid in Cannabis Fructus Decoction by human intestinal microflora were determined using HPLC method. At the same time, the possible conjugated linolenic acid and linoleic acid were determined. Results Cannabis Fructus Decoction promoted the growth of Proteobacteria significantly, which showed that Escherichia-shigella was significantly increased (P < 0.01), but the growth of Bacteroidetes was decreased (P < 0.01), and the content of unsaturated fatty acids linoleic acid and linolenic acid in Cannabis Fructus Decoction were reduced after being incubated with human intestinal bacteria, and the metabolites were conjugated linoleic acid and conjugated linolenic acid. Conclusion The interactions between Cannabis Fructus Decoction and human intestinal microflora are obvious. The Chinese medicine can change the structure of the gut microflora, and the gut microflora can metabolize the drug components. This analysis method partially restores the pharmacokinetics process of the oral administration drug in the human intestinal tract. It could provide a new insight of the mechanism research of Cannabis Fructus.

Effect of compound recipe Gengniankang on senile sexual hormone and expression of estrogen receptor in bone of climacteric female rats / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the therapeutic effect of Compound Recipe Gengniankang ( GNK) with that of hormone replacement treatment (HRT) on climacteric female rats with osteoporosis, and to investigate the roles of estrogen and estrogen receptors in the mechanism of osteoporosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Climacteric female rats with osteoporosis were chosen and divided into three groups (GNK group, HRT group and control group). Apoptosis of ovarian granulose cells was measured by terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Serum level of estradiol (E(2)), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) were determined by the method of radioimmunoassay (RIA). Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCT) technology was used to evaluate the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) in bone. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by double energy X-ray absorption (DEXA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the climacteric rats, BMD, serum E(2), ER mRNA expression in bone decreased remarkably, and serum FSH, LH and apoptosis of ovarian granulose cells increased obviously. After treating with GNK, all the indexes were reversed except serum E(2). The increase of E(2) was not significant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GNK is effective on climacteric osteoporosis female rats. Its role is performed not by increasing serum E(2) but by enhancing ER in the bone and inhibiting apoptosis of ovarian granulose cells. GNK can deter further exhaustion of ovarian function.</p>

Experimental study on regulatory effect of compound gengniankang on endocrine and immune functions in aged female rats with osteoporosis / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of compound gengniankang (GNK) in regulating the endocrine and immune functions in aged female rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Aged female rats with osteoporosis were selected as the object for observation and healthy young rats were taken for control. Animals were administered by GNK and nilestriol respectively, through gastric perfusion, for 3 months to observe the therapeutic effect of drug treatment on osteoporosis and the regulatory effect on endocrine and immune function. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by double energy X-ray absorption technique, serum levels of estradiol (E2), follicule-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were determined by RIA, T-cell subsets and apoptosis in spleen were detected by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In aged rats with osteoporosis, the BMD decreased, serum level of E2 lowered, FSH and LH levels raised, splenic CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ significantly decreased and T-cell apoptosis rate significantly elevated. GNK could increase the BMD, lower the FSH and LH levels, but showed no significant effect on E2 level. It could increase the CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio to nearby the normal range, and reduce the apoptosis of T-cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GNK has therapeutic effect on osteoporosis in aged rats, and is able to regulate the endocrine and enhance the immune function in organism.</p>