RESUMO
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a rare disease, which hallmark is a dense accumulation of PAS positive phospholipid material within alveolar sac. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is classified as primary form of unknown etiology and secondary form associated with other diseases. We report a case of secondary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis associated with acute erythroleukemia. A C year old male patient complained of nonproductive cough and general weakness, and presented fine inspiratory crackles at both lower lung field. Chest radiographs and high resolution CT scans showd a lobular pattern of ground-grass opacity with interlobular septal thickening in the center field of the both lungs, Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy revealed acute erythroleukemia. Open lung biopsy revealed PAS positive eosinophilic granular material filled in alveoli. He was treated with TAD chemotherapy, but died from multiorgan failure with pneumonia 22days after chemotherapy.