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1.
Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol ; 2001 Jun; 19(2): 107-13
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-36551

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to determine changes in Th1/Th2 cytokine production at the cellular level which occur during the progression of HIV-1 subtype E infection in Thai children born to HIV-1 subtype E infected mothers. Mitogen stimulated whole blood cultures from 12 uninfected and 27 HIV-1 subtype E infected Thai children were stained intracellularly with fluorescein labelled monoclonal antibodies against Interleukin (IL)-2 and IFN-gamma (Th1 cytokines) and IL-4 (Th2 cytokine). Additionally, co-staining of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was performed. Results were analyzed by two and three color flow cytometry. The percentage of IFN-gamma expressing cells in CD4+ T cells was increased in HIV-1 subtype E infected Thai children with mild and moderate immunosuppression (Immunological categories 1 + 2, Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) staging system, 1994). The percentages of IFN-gamma expression was continuously enhanced accompanied by remaining preserved in the proportion of IL-2 producing T cells in HIV-1 subtype E infected Thai children with severe immunosuppression (Immunological category 3, CDC staging system, 1994). The percentages of IFN-gamma expression was continuously augmented whereas the proportion of IL-2 producing T cells remained unchanged in HIV-1 subtype E infected Thai Children with severe immunosuppression (immunological category 3, CDC staging system, 1994). The percentage of Th2 cytokine producing cells within the CD4+ ad CD8+ T cells increased in HIV-1 subtype E infected individuals and showed a significant difference in HIV-1 subtype E infected Thai children with AIDS compared with uninfected infants. These results suggest that in vertically acquired HIV-1 infection with severe immunosuppression, the percentages of IL-2 producing CD4+ T cell was consistent but the percentages of IL-4 and IFN-gamma producing cell were increased. Similar results were found for CD8+ T cells in which IL-4 producing cells were increased in conjunction with a remaining in the number of IL-2 producing cells in HIV-1 subtype E infected Thai children. Thus, changes in the Th1 and Th2 cytokine pattern during HIV-1 infection may contribute to the prognosis of HIV disease in children.


Assuntos
Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/imunologia , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. , Proteção da Criança , Pré-Escolar , Citocinas/biossíntese , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo/métodos , Infecções por HIV/sangue , Soropositividade para HIV/imunologia , HIV-1/imunologia , Humanos , Imunidade Celular/imunologia , Lactente , Bem-Estar do Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Tailândia/epidemiologia , Estados Unidos
2.
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-39984

RESUMO

A study was carried out in Thailand to determine the frequency of reactivity to delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin tests used for the staging of HIV patients in the United States. A four-antigen panel which included tetanus toxoid (1:10), Candida (1:10), mumps and Trichophyton antigens was assessed in 221 adult subjects from across the full immunological spectrum of HIV disease. Complete anergy was found in 38 per cent of 73 subjects with CD4 counts of 0-200 cells/ml and in 6 per cent of 78 subjects with 201-400 cells/ml. Partial anergy (response to 1 of 4 antigens) was found in 26 per cent of the 0-200 cell/ml group and decreased progressively with increasing CD4 cell count. Results suggested that a 3-member recall antigen panel would provide nearly all the clinically useful information gained by the more standard 4-member panel. In conclusion, DTH skin testing was confirmed to provide a method of assessing the integrity of cellular immune function of HIV-infected Thai adults which correlated with disease progression.


Assuntos
Adulto , Antígenos de Bactérias/diagnóstico , Antígenos de Fungos/diagnóstico , Antígenos Virais/diagnóstico , Biomarcadores/análise , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade Tardia/epidemiologia , Imunidade Celular/fisiologia , Masculino , Prognóstico , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Testes Cutâneos , Tailândia
3.
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-38745

RESUMO

From May 1995 to May 1996, thirty-six females with chlamydial cervicitis were enrolled at Bangrak Hospital's Venereal Disease Clinic in an open study to assess the efficacy and safety of a single, 1-gram oral dose of azithromycin. Thirty-five had positive C. trachomatis and one had a positive Gen-probe test. Twenty-two returned for their first and second follow-ups and 18 came back for their final follow-up (visit 4). Eradication rate was 100 per cent on all visits. Fourteen patients were excluded from the final analysis- three had dropped out from the beginning, ten had sexual intercourse without a condom and one had a positive Gen-probe test but negative C. trachomatis culture. U. urealyticum was isolated from the vaginal wall of 15 of the 36 cases and eradication rate was 0 per cent at visit 2 and visit 4. In conclusion, this study shows that a single, 1-gram oral dose of azithromycin is an effective and well-tolerated alternative therapy for chlamydial cervicitis.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Azitromicina/uso terapêutico , Infecções por Chlamydia/tratamento farmacológico , Chlamydia trachomatis/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Humanos , Resultado do Tratamento , Infecções por Ureaplasma/tratamento farmacológico , Ureaplasma urealyticum/isolamento & purificação , Cervicite Uterina/tratamento farmacológico , Vagina/microbiologia
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