Recent progress in vestibular prosthesis / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Bilateral vestibulopathy（BVP） is one of the common diseases in the vestibular nervous system, with an incidence rate of about 4%-7% in the population, which can lead to a variety of body dysfunctions. At present, there are two main treatment methods for BVP. One is vestibular rehabilitation. However, only part of BVP patients can finally benefit from vestibular rehabilitation, and most patients will remain with permanent vestibular dysfunction. Benefiting from the maturity of cochlear implant technology, European and American countries took the lead in the development of vestibular prosthesis（VP） technology to restore the vestibular function in patients with BVP. This review will focus on the development history, principles, future applications and the related research progress of VP in China.

Discussion on diagnosis and treatment of dizziness from cases / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Dizziness or vertigo is a common clinical symptom, and its underlying etiology is complex. Many clinicians are confused about its diagnosis and treatment. This article presents a case about chronic vestibular syndrome. And case appreciation and academic discussion are conducted by well-known domestic neurologists and otologists, so as to provide a good thinking model and basic ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of dizziness or vertigo, hoping to further improve the diagnosis and treatment level among clinicians.

Drug target inference by mining transcriptional data using a novel graph convolutional network framework

A fundamental challenge that arises in biomedicine is the need to characterize compounds in a relevant cellular context in order to reveal potential on-target or off-target effects. Recently, the fast accumulation of gene transcriptional profiling data provides us an unprecedented opportunity to explore the protein targets of chemical compounds from the perspective of cell transcriptomics and RNA biology. Here, we propose a novel Siamese spectral-based graph convolutional network (SSGCN) model for inferring the protein targets of chemical compounds from gene transcriptional profiles. Although the gene signature of a compound perturbation only provides indirect clues of the interacting targets, and the biological networks under different experiment conditions further complicate the situation, the SSGCN model was successfully trained to learn from known compound-target pairs by uncovering the hidden correlations between compound perturbation profiles and gene knockdown profiles. On a benchmark set and a large time-split validation dataset, the model achieved higher target inference accuracy as compared to previous methods such as Connectivity Map. Further experimental validations of prediction results highlight the practical usefulness of SSGCN in either inferring the interacting targets of compound, or reversely, in finding novel inhibitors of a given target of interest.

The effect of miR-155 on HBV replication and PTEN expression in vivo / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective@#To construct the mmu-miR-155 eukaryotic overexpression vector pmR-155 and to investigate its effect on HBV replication and expression of PTEN in vivo.@*Methods@#The mmu-mir-146a precursor gene fragment pre-mmu-mir-146a was amplified by PCR, then connected to the pmR-mCherry plasmid vector after double enzyme digestion, the accuracy of recombinant vector was verified by colony PCR、double enzyme digestion and sequencing; then the recombinant vector was transfected HBV transgene mice(Experimental Group)with hydrodynamics-based injection via vena caudalis, and pmR-mCherry plasmid、PBS were respectively transfected into the mice as Empty plasmid Group、Blank Group. The concentration of IFN-γ in the serum was detected by ELISA. The expression of SOCS1、PTEN mRNA in the liver was detected by qPCR at 30d post-transfectioned. The Western blot was performed to detect the changes in SOCS1、PTEN、HBX in the liver tissue at 30 d post-transfectioned. The results were analyzed with Student’s t-test, or one-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference test.@*Results@#the colony PCR、double enzyme digestion and sequencing verified that the gene was inserted into the pmR-mCherry vector. Compared with Blank Group, the expression of miR-155 in the Experimental Group was significantly increased(t = 8.90, P < 0.01); the concentration of IFN-γ in the Experimental Group was significantly increased(F = 26.58, P < 0.01); the mRNA(FSOCS1 mRNA = 19.72, P < 0.01; FPTEN mRNA = 7.38, P < 0.05) and protein(FSOCS1 = 50.30, P < 0.01; FPTEN = 129.00, P < 0.01) expression of COCS1、PTEN was significantly decreased in the Experimental group and the protein of HBX was also significantly(FHBX = 77.97, P < 0.01).@*Conclusion@#The pmR-155 eukaryotic overexpression vector is successfully constructed, this recombinant vector can express miR-155 stably; miR-155 can down-regulate cocs1、PTEN gene expression and up-regulate the expression of IFN-γ, it can inhibit the replication of HBV and a potential targets to treating hepatocellular carcinoma.

Effect of miR-146a on c-Myc gene expression in HepG2.2.15 cells / 重庆医学

Objective To construct the has-miR 146a eukaryotic overexpression vector pmR 146a and to explore its effect on the expression of c-Myc gene in HepG2.2.15 cells.Methods The has-miR-146a precursor gene fragment pre-has-miR-146a was amplified by PCR,then connected to the pmR-mCherry plasmid vector after double enzyme digestion,the accuracy of recombinant vector was verified by colony PCR,double enzyme digestion and sequencing;then the recombinant vector was transfected into HepG2.2.15 cells as the experimental group,meanwhile the empty vector group (transfecting pmR-mCherry empty plasmid group) and blank group(transfecting reagent lip2000+PBS),then the fluorescent protein expression amount was observed under the fluorescence microscopy at 24,48 h;the expression of has miR-146a was evaluated by qPCR;at 24,48 h after transfection,the expression levels of c-Myc gene mRNA were detected by qPCR,and the c-Myc protein expression level after 48 h was detected by Western blot.Results The colony PCR,double enzyme digestion and sequencing verified that the pre-has-miR-146a gene fragment was inserted into the pmR-mCherry vector;at 24,48 h after transfection in the experimental group and empty vector group,intracellular strong fluorescence was seen by fluorescent microscope,the transfection efficiency was at 50％-60％ contrasting without fluorescence;the has-miR-146a expression level in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the empty vector group and blank group (P＜0.01);the c-Myc mRNA expression at 24,48 h after tranfection was significantly lower than that in the empty vector group and blank group (P＜0.05);the protein expression amount at 48 h after transfection was lower than that in the empty vector group and blank group (P＜0.01).Conclusion The pmR-146a eukaryotic overexpression vector is successfully constructed,this recombinant vector can express miR-146a stably;miR-146a can down-regulate c-Myc cancer gene expression,which can serve as one of potential targets for treating hepatocellular carcinoma.

The balance function of the patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo during standing / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The purpose of the study was to investigate the balance function of the patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) during standing.@*METHOD@#In this study 41 patients with posterior semicircular canal BPPV (PC BPPV) and 11 patients with horizontal semicircular canal BPPV (HC BPPV) were recruited. Dynamic balance during standing was measured in Sensory Organization Test (SOT). Static balance during standing was measured in modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction and Balance (mCTSIB). Data of BPPV patients were compared to that from 44 normal controls.@*RESULT@#Scores of the patients with PC BPPV were lower than that of the normal controls in the last three test conditions of SOT. Patients with PC BPPV demonstrated greater sway velocity in stance on foam with eyes open and eyes closed in mCTSIB. No postural deficit was observed in neither SOT nor mCTSIB when the patients with HC BPPV were compared to the normal controls.@*CONCLUSION@#Disorders of the horizontal semicircular canal do not influence postural control. Both dynamic and static posturography can detect the postural imbalance caused by posterior semicircular canal dysfunction.

Application of nanomaterials in in-vitro diagnostics / 中国医疗器械杂志

Nanomaterials appear to be promising for a number of applications in in-vitro diagnostics, mainly due to the biocompatibility, specific surface and conduction activity. The use of nanostructures as diagnostic tools has the advantage of very low limit of detection achievable, high sensitivity, strong selectivity and the possibility to fabricate point-of-care diagnostic devices. With the problems of nanotechnology solved, nanomaterials had already put a broad impact in the field of clinical medical examination.

The relationship between pleomorphic adenocarcinoma and dermatomyositis (with a case report and review of the literatures) / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The purpose of this article is to improve the understanding of complications of pleomorphic adenocarcinoma, and the possibility of complicated with dermatomyositis. In order to explore whether there is a certain relationship between the two diseases.@*METHOD@#Reported one patient in our hospital with the diagnosis of pleomorphic adenocarcinoma complicated dermatomyositis, and clarified the diagnosis and treatment of these two diseases during hospitalization. Reviewed the latest clinical literature relevant to pleomorphic adenocarcinoma and dermatomyositis.@*RESULT@#The patients underwent superficial parotidectomy treatment. The postoperation pathologic and immunohistochemical examination confirmed the diagnosis of pleomorphic adenocarcinoma. Dermatomyositis improved better after the operation.@*CONCLUSION@#Pleomorphic adenocarcinoma has the possibility of complicated with dermatomyositis which may misdiagnosis in clinical practice. Summarize the latest diagnosis progress of pleomorphic adenocarcinoma and the surgical treatment of the tumor. Also discuss the standards of clinical diagnosis and treatment of dermatomyositis. Analysis there may be a relationship between the two diseases on autoimmune mechanism.

Jinsangsanjie capsule for treating vocal fold polyps and vocal nodules / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate therapeutic effects of Jinsangsanjie capsule on vocal fold polyps and vocal nodules.@*METHOD@#Seventy-five patients with vocal fold polyps and vocal nodules were treated by taking Jinsangsanjie capsule orally. After the therapeutic course, they were all followed up for 1 month.@*RESULT@#The effective rate of vocal nodule group was 93.8%, the effective rate of vocal fold polyp group was 89.7%, the effective rate of vocal nodule with acute congestion group was 100%, the effective rate of vocal fold polyp with acute congestion group was 100%, and the effective rate of hypertrophy of vocal cords with chronic congestion group was 66.7%.@*CONCLUSION@#Jinsangsanjie capsule has definite efficacy for treatment of vocal fold polyps and vocal nodules and deserved to be recommended.

NADPH oxidase-dependent oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in hippocampus of D-galactose-induced aging rats / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) common deletion (CD) plays a significant role in aging and age-related diseases. In this study, we used D-galactose (D-gal) to generate an animal model of aging and the involvement and causative mechanisms of mitochondrial damage in such a model were investigated. Twenty 5-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: D-gal group (n=10) and control group (n=10). The quantity of the mtDNA CD in the hippocampus was determined using a TaqMan real-time PCR assay. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the mitochondrial ultrastructure in the hippocampus. Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of NADPH oxidase (NOX) and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2). We found that the level of mtDNA CD was significantly higher in the hippocampus of D-gal-induced aging rats than in control rats. In comparison with the control group, the mitochondrial ultrastructure in the hippocampus of D-gal-treated rats was damaged, and the protein levels of NOX and UCP2 were significantly increased in the hippocampus of D-gal-induced aging rats. This study demonstrated that the levels of mtDNA CD and NOX protein expression were significantly increased in the hippocampus of D-gal-induced aging rats. These findings indicate that NOX-dependent reactive oxygen species generation may contribute to D-gal-induced mitochondrial damage.

NADPH oxidase-dependent oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in hippocampus of D-galactose-induced aging rats / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) common deletion (CD) plays a significant role in aging and age-related diseases. In this study, we used D-galactose (D-gal) to generate an animal model of aging and the involvement and causative mechanisms of mitochondrial damage in such a model were investigated. Twenty 5-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: D-gal group (n=10) and control group (n=10). The quantity of the mtDNA CD in the hippocampus was determined using a TaqMan real-time PCR assay. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the mitochondrial ultrastructure in the hippocampus. Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of NADPH oxidase (NOX) and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2). We found that the level of mtDNA CD was significantly higher in the hippocampus of D-gal-induced aging rats than in control rats. In comparison with the control group, the mitochondrial ultrastructure in the hippocampus of D-gal-treated rats was damaged, and the protein levels of NOX and UCP2 were significantly increased in the hippocampus of D-gal-induced aging rats. This study demonstrated that the levels of mtDNA CD and NOX protein expression were significantly increased in the hippocampus of D-gal-induced aging rats. These findings indicate that NOX-dependent reactive oxygen species generation may contribute to D-gal-induced mitochondrial damage.

Expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 in laryngeal carcinoma / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of microtuble-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC).@*METHOD@#The expression of LC3 in 50 cases of LSCC, 45 cases of para-carcinoma, 10 cases of laryngeal papilloma and 16 cases of polyp of vocal cord were detected by immunohistochemistry (MaxVision method). Expression level of LC3 mRNA was assayed by RT-PCR in 41 of LSCC, 41 of para-carcinoma tissue and 11 of polyp of vocal cord.@*RESULT@#The positive rates of LC3 protein expression were 60.0%, 93.3%, 90.0%, 93.8% in LSCC tissue, para-carcinoma, laryngeal papilloma and poly of vocal card tissues, respectively. The positive rates of LC3 were significantly lower in LSCC than in para-carcinoma and poly of vocal cord (chi2 = 18.135, P 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Expression of LC3 are down-regulated in LSCC. The change of autophagic capacity may play an important role in occurrence and development of LSCC.

Plasma radiofrequency ablation in treatment of recurrence of adenoidal hypertrophy / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the long-term outcome and clinical value of utilizing plasma radio frequency ablation under indirect laryngoscope in treatment of recurrence of adenoidal hypertrophy.@*METHOD@#Fifty patients with recurrence of adenoidal hypertrophy were subjected to the operation designed by our group.@*RESULT@#The period of follow-up was more then 2 years. All patients were free of snore postoperatively; conductive hearing loss was improved as well.@*CONCLUSION@#Operation with plasma radiofrequency ablation had advantages of direct and clear view of surgical area, accurate remove of adenoids, non-bleeding, avoiding damage of normal nasopharyngeal structure structures, minimal invasion, high safety, and little complication, in treatment of recurrence of adenoidal hypertrophy.

Four-stage gradual expanding approach of problem based learning in otorhinolaryngology / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The aim of the study is to cover the shortages of PBL, such as time-consuming, abstract, lacking of the course of clinic practice, and to introduce PBL to the teaching of otorhinolaryngology.@*METHOD@#By the improvement of the international classic teaching model of PBL, we put forward "four-stage gradual expanding approach of PBL" and establish "four-stage gradual expanding approach of PBL in otorhinolaryngology".@*RESULT@#Through the four stages of watching PBL, simulation PBL, internship PBL, practice PBL, we have accomplished the organic integration of theory teaching and clinical practice.@*CONCLUSION@#This teaching method is more adaptive to the teaching of otorhinolaryngology, and it can help the medicine students to establish the whole concept of medicine and can stimulate them to form the good habits of self-regulated learning and life-long learning efficiently.

The establishment of paired-standardized patients and its application in the PBL teaching of otorhinolaryngology / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The aim of the study is to explore the establishment of paired-standardized patients (PSPs), which can cover the deficiency of standardized patients.@*METHOD@#The outpatients and standardized patients consist of PSPs. The standard case of PSPs is established by the combination of PSPs and the laboratory and imaging information of the true patients. Then we apply the PBL model and PSPs to the clinic teaching in otorhinolaryngology.@*RESULT@#The study of the ten standard cases of PSPs, which we have established, has enhanced the confidence and interest of medical students in clinical practice.@*CONCLUSION@#PSPs can cover the deficiency of standardized patients, which includes lacking of change and lively. At the other hand, PSPs can practice the medical students' clinical skills and the way of evidence-based medicine and can stimulate them to form the good habit of self-regulated learning.

Effect of plasma radiofrequency ablation on obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#It was aimed to investigate the effect of plasma radiofrequency ablation on obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome.@*METHOD@#Fifty-four patients with OSAHS were treated with plasma radiofrequency ablation on soft palate, tonsil, uvula and root of tongue in light of needs.@*RESULT@#All these cases were reevaluated with PSG by the end of postoperative period lasted for three month. Among them, 6 were cured, 24 had significant therapeutic effect, 19 had effective outcome, and 5 had no effective, with a total effective rate of 90.74%. No serious complications occurred.@*CONCLUSION@#This method was safe and effective, and patients had mild lesion, less bleeding, less painful and the advantages of simple operation.

Application of CRM System in Pharmaceutical Industry / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the application of CRM system in pharmaceutical industry METHODS:To introduce the conception and application software of CRM system and analyse the problems of CRM system in pharmaceutical industry RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The application of CRM system can help pharmaceutical enterprises to raising the core competitive ability