Anaesthetic Management For Cleft Palate In A Child With Digeorge Syndrome: Look Before You Leap!

DiGeorge syndrome is a multisystem disorder associated with various cardiac anomalies, aplasia or hypoplasia of thymus and parathyroid glands, palatal defects, immune deficiency, and characteristic facial features. Here, we are reporting the case of a known DiGeorge syndrome posted for the repair of cleft palate in a 3-year-old female child. Anaesthetic management for any surgery in a child with DiGeorge syndrome is challenging for anaesthesiologist in terms of the associated complications. Hence, sound knowledge about DiGeorge syndrome is required for safe anaesthetic management.

Screening of pre cancer and cancer cervix by Pap smear among women in reproductive age group: a community based study

Background: Cervical cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in females worldwide. The disproportionately high burden of cervical cancer in developing countries is largely due to a lack of screening that allows detection of precancerous and early stage cervical cancer. The objective of this study was to identify pre cancer, cancer of cervix by Pap smear test and the factors associated with cervical cancer.Methods: A cross sectional study was done among married women in the reproductive age group of 15-49 years in the urban field practice area of A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences, from Jan 2013 to March 2013. The study comprised of 357 women. A pretested semi structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Screening was done by Pap smear test. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.Results: 49.6% women were in the age group of 40-49 years. 62 (17.4%) were illiterates. 67.5 % belonged to low socioeconomic status. Pap smear test detected premalignant lesions among 2.1% women; no cancer cervix cases were detected. Association between premalignant lesion and educational status, early age at marriage, multi parity, erosion cervix was found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: Regular cytological screening by Pap smear will help in early detection of precancerous lesions and thereby prevent cancer cervix.

Demographic and Behavioural Risk factors for Cervical Cancer among Urban Women in Coastal Karnataka.

Background: Cervical cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. India accounts for 27% of the total cervical cancer deaths. Objectives: 1.To assess the risk factors associated with cancer cervix among the study population. 2. To study socio de-mographic profile of the study population. Materials and Methods: A community based, cross sectional study was conducted by the department of Community Medicine, A J Institute of Medical Sciences, in the urban field practice area, Kavoor among married women in the reproductive age group of 15-49years from April 2011 to September 2011. Socio demographic details and risk factors for cervical cancer were assessed. Results: A total of 357 women in the reproductive age group participated in the study. More than two third (87.2%) of the study population belonged to the age group of 30 – 49 years. 52.7% of the respondents be-longed to class IV socio economic status and 22.1% of the respondents were married before the age of 18 years. In this study 14% had their first child before the age of 18 years and43.2% respondents had 3 or more than 3 children. Cervical erosion was found in 38.4% of the respondents. Conclusion: Various risk factors like early age at marriage, low socioeconomic status, and multi parity are present in the study population. Screening and early detection efforts can be directed to the group at risk.

Papillon-Lefevre syndrome: Report of two cases in the same family.

Papillon-Lefevre syndrome is a very rare syndrome of autosomal recessive inheritance characterized by palmar-plantar hyperkeratosis and early onset of a severe destructive periodontitis, leading to premature loss of both primary and permanent dentitions. Various etiopathogenic factors are associated with the syndrome but a recent report has suggested that the condition is linked to mutations of the cathepsin C gene. Two cases of Papillon-Lefevre syndrome in the same family, having all of the characteristic features, are presented. An 11-year-old girl and a 9-year-old boy presented with the complaints of loose teeth. Both expressed hyperkeratosis of palms, soles, and knees. Severe generalized periodontal destruction, with mobility of teeth, was evident on intraoral examination; orthopantomograph examination showed severe generalized loss of alveolar bone in both the patients.

Garre's sclerosing osteomyelitis.

Garre's sclerosing osteomyelitis is a specific type of chronic osteomyelitis that mainly affects children and young adults. This disease entity is well-described in dental literature and is commonly associated with an odontogenic infection resulting from dental caries. This paper describes a case of Garre's osteomyelitis in a 10-year-old boy, in whom the condition arose following pulpoperiapical infection in relation to permanent mandibular right first molar. Clinically the patient presented with bony hard, non-tender swelling and the occlusal radiograph revealed pathognomic feature of "onion skin" appearance. The elimination of periapical infection was achieved by endodontic therapy and the complete bone remodeling was seen radiographically after three months follow-up.