Radioactivity levels in foods during 2013 to 2020 around Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant and study on internal doses to the public / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To evaluate the impacts of radioactivity in foods since begining of the operation of the Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant (HNPP).Methods:The levels of radioactivity in foods collected within 30 km of HNPP from 2013 to 2020 were analyzed by comparison of the control samples and those collected before the operation. The impacts on the operation of the HNPP on foods were evaluated.Results:The man-made radionuclides such as 131I, 134Cs, 60Co, 58Co, 110Ag m were not found in food samples. The nautral radionuclides such as 238U, 226Ra, 232Th, 40K were at the normal levels, with the average levels of (0.088±0.053), (0.155±0.178), (0.314±0.388)and(81.3±18.1)Bq/kg(fresh weight)in foods, respectively. The average levels of man-made nuclide 137Cs in foods were (0.013±0.010) Bq/kg (fresh weight). There was no increase in radionuclide levels compared with the control samples and the samples before the operation. Conclusions:The impacts on foods due to the operation of HNPP was not found.

Investigation on food radioactivity levels in areas around Xudabao nuclear power plant before operation / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To investigate the food radioactivity levels in areas around the Xudabao nuclear plant before operation. Methods The food radioactivity levels were achieved by detecting samples collected within 30 km around the Xudabao nuclear power plant with a HPGe detector. Results The major radionuclides in food were 238U, 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and the man-made radionuclide of 137Cs. The average activity levels of natural 238U、226Ra、232Th、40K were(1.2 × 10−11 ± 2.6 × 10−11)、(9.2 × 10−12 ± 1.6 × 10−11)、(3.6 × 10−11 ± 6.5 × 10−12)、(9.0 × 101 ± 5.8 × 101)Bq/kg respectively. The average level of 137Cs in food was (1.2 × 10−12 ± 9.0 × 10−13)Bq/kg. Conclusion The man-made radionuclides were not detected except 137Cs in the collected food. The radioactivity concentrations were lower than the national standards. The effective dose for local residents by ingestion of 137Cs was around 6.0 × 10−12 µSv/a.

Application value of thromboelastography in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage in women with blood transfusion / 中国基层医药

Objective:To analyze the clinical significance of thromboelastography in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage(PPH).Methods:From May 2014 to March 2020, 62 patients with PPH in the People's Hospital of Gaomi were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to the random digital table method, with 31 cases in each group.The control group was treated with blood transfusion under the guidance of routine coagulation test, the observation group was treated with blood transfusion under the guidance of thromboelastogram.The number and volume of platelet, plasma and cryoprecipitation were compared between the two groups.Results:There were 9 cases of platelet transfusion, 19 cases of plasma transfusion and 11 cases of cryoprecipitation transfusion in the observation group, and there were 18 cases, 27 cases and 19 cases in the control group, respectively.The number of platelet, plasma and cryoprecipitation transfusion in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, the differences were statistically significant(χ 2=5.314, 5.391, 4.133, all P<0.05). The platelet transfusion[(0.80±0.25)u], plasma [(258±60)mL] and cryoprecipitation transfusion [(9.2±2.5)u] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group ( t=5.769, 8.669, 8.802, all P<0.05). Conclusion:For women with PPH, the use of TEG for transfusion therapy is better, and the test is worthy of promoting in the clinic.

Study of two methods for three hemolytic tests of hemolytic disease of newborn / 中国基层医药

Objective To compare and anlyze the applications of microcolumn gel test (MGT)and the tube anti -globulin test (TAT)for detection of three hemolytic tests.Methods Microcolumn gel test and tube anti -globulin test were used in three tests with a total of 160 cases of blood speciments of newborn who had blood group in-compatibility with their mothers:direct anti -globulin test,free test and elution test,then the data were analyzed statis-tically.Results The positive rates of direct anti -globulin test of MGT and TAT were 30.0% and 12.5%(χ2 =14.64,P <0.05);The positive rates of free test of MGT and TAT were 47.5% and 25.0%(χ2 =17.53,P <0.05), respectively;The positive rates of elution test of MGT and TAT were 62.5% and 30.0%(χ2 =33.99,P <0.05). There was statistically significant difference between two methods in three tests.Conclusion MGT has the advantages of quickness,simplicity,high sensitivity,convenience,needs less sample,high repeatability,direct judging of the re-sults,which is better than TAT in three hemolytic tests.

Comparation of microcolumn gel test and tube anti -globulin test with IgG anti A (B)of pregnant women / 中国基层医药

Objective Compared study on microcolumn gel test (MGT)and tube anti -globulin test (TAT) in the detection of pregnant women IgG anti A (B)in the application of antibody and evaluate the application value of MGT in the prediction of HDN.Methods Choosed blood samples of 443 cases of O blood type pregnant women whose husband were not O blood type as the research object.Every specimen were tested by MGT method and TAT method,and the data were treated statistically.Results The positive rate of MGT method and TAT method were:30% and 12.5% which had statistical significance(χ2 =15.95,P <0.05).The difference was significant in positive cases titer distribution(t =15.13,P <0.01).Conclusion The micro column gel method is rapid,simple,sensitive and repeatable compared of tube anti -globulin test (TAT).

Analysis of 81 cases with clinical adverse transfusion reaction / 中国基层医药

Objective To reduce the probability of adverse transfusion reaction and ensure the safety of transfusion according review the clinical cases.Methods The record of adverse transfusion reaction was retropectivly analyzed.Results 81 cases were occured adverse reactions caused by transfusion in 38 490 cases of our hospital, with the rate of 0.21%,including 52 cases of anaphylactic transfusion reaction and 29 cases of febrile non -hemolytic transfusion reaction.There wasn't statistically significant difference among of those blood components(χ2 =3.849,P >0.05).Conclusion We should renovate the scientific and reasonable concept of blood transfusion,encourage autolo-gous transfusion,strictly abide by the lows and regulations realated to transfusion,the probability of adverse transfusion reaction would be reduced.

Relationship between blood lead level and motor nerve conduction velocity among 317 lead-exposed workers / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To find a sensitive index of early injury of the nervous system in lead-exposed workers and to provide a scientific basis for establishing an efficient occupational health surveillance route.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 317 lead-exposed workers (blood lead levels: 26.90∼ 912.80 µg/L, determined with the atomic absorption spectrum) were divided into four groups according to the normal blood lead level (201 µg/L), acceptable upper limit of blood lead (400 µg/L), and diagnostic value (600 µg/L). The motor nerve conduction function was examined and analyzed by one-way ANOVA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The distal latency and amplitude of the median nerve were significantly different between groups. The median distal latency of the highest blood lead group (>600 µg/L) was 3.63 ms, which was significantly longer than the average level (3.30 ms), and the median nerve amplitude of the highest blood lead group was 5.63 µV, significantly lower than the average level (7.27 µV). No significant difference was found between different groups in motor conduction velocity. Significant difference was found in ulnar nerve amplitude between groups. The ulnar nerve amplitude of the highest blood lead group was 4.31 µV, significantly lower than the average level (4.87 µV). No significant differences were observed in other parameters between groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The distal latency and amplitude of the median nerve can be used as a sensitive index for the diagnosis of early subclinical motor nerve injury in lead?exposed workers.</p>