Profile of vaginal human papillomavirus infection in hysterectomized women / 부인종양

OBJECTIVE: To examine HPV infection of vagina in the absence of cervical tissue and, thus, to determine whether the cervix, and especially the cervical transformation zone, is required for HPV infection. METHODS: We analyzed the result of pap smears that were interpreted with the Bethesda system, and the result of HPV tests of 376 hysterectomized women and 605 non-hysterectomized women who had visited in Korea medical health care center from August 2004 to December 2005. HPV test was performed with the commercially available Hybrid Capture II assay. We estimated the prevalence of vaginal HPV infection in hysterectomised and non-hysterectomized women. The variables selected for analysis were age, time of hysterectomy, self reported reasons for hysterectomy, parity and so on. RESULTS: Prevalence of vaginal HPV infection in hysterectomized women was 12.5% and non-hysterectomized women was 11.7%, showed no difference (p=0.72). The mean viral load of hysterectomized group was 79.1 and that of non-hysterctomized group was 173.9, which show no statistical difference between group (p=0.28). The cause of operation, age, duration since the operation, age group-specific duration since operation showed no difference in prevalence of HPV infection. Menopause state also did not show difference in HPV infection (p=0.67). CONCLUSION: On the basis of the present study's data, we suggest that the cervix, particularly the cervical transformation zone, may not be needed for HPV infection in vagina.

In vitro Fertilization and Embryo Development in Simple Media of the Frozen-Thawed Cumulus-free Mouse Oocytes Cryopreserved by Vitrification / 대한불임학회지

OBJECTIVE: To observe the capability of fertilization and embryo development including blastocyst formation of the oocytes in simple media after thawing of the cryopreserved cumulus-free mouse oocytes by vitrification method. METHODS: Oocytes were collected from 5 to 6 weeks old ICR female mice, and were denuded from the cumulus cells by 0.1% hyaluronidase. Recovered mature oocytes in study group were cryopreserved by vitrification method using EM grid for 5~7 days. In brief, oocytes were exposed in dPBS containing 1.5 M EG and 5.5 M EG+1 M sucrose for 2.5 minutes and 20 seconds each, and then executed vitrification by plunging in LN2 after loading on EM grid. Thawing treated by exposure of 1, 0.5, 0.25 and 0.125 M sucrose solution for 2.5 minutes each in order and used for experiments. Spermatozoa aspirated form the epididymis of 12 weeks old ICR male mice were used for insemination after capacitation. T6 media containing 0.4% BSA were used for fertilization and development. RESULTS: Survival and fertilization rates after thawing were 76.9% and 79.6% respectively. Fertilization rate was lower (p<0.005) than that of control group (92.9%). There was no difference in embryo developmental rates from 2-cell to morula, however, the blastocyst formation rate and mean cell numbers of blastocysts in study group (63.3%, 58.9+/-9.2) were lower compared with those of control group (76.1%, 63.5+/-8.9). CONCLUSION: Vitrification is an effective method for mouse mature oocyte cryopreservation with high survival and fertilization rate after thawing. And in simple media, fertilization rates and embryo development of frozen-thawed mouse oocytes are satisfactory.

The Significance of Ovarian Volume as a Predictor of the Ovarian Reserve / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: To find out whether the determination of the baseline ovarian volume would be a suitable predictor for ovarian response to gonadotropins stimulation and the outcome of IVF-ET. As the ovarian reserve is closely related with the clinical success of IVF-ET, its prediction prior to stimulation is useful in counselling and in adjusting the stimulation protocol for individual patients in ART program. METHODS: A total of 68 infertile women undergoing their first cycle of IVF-ET using a standard regimen of COH (controlled ovarian hyperstimulation) from January, 2000 to June, 2001 were included. Basal levels (Day 2-3) of serum FSH, LH, prolactin and estradiol (E2) were measured. Both ovarian volumes of each woman were measured by TVUS (transvaginal ultrasonography) before stimulation. Based on both ovarian volumes of each woman, the patients were divided into three groups of less than 7 ml, between 7 ml and 11 ml, and more than 11 ml, and their results were analysed for the comparison. RESULTS: Women with larger ovarian volumes have more basal antral follicles (0.0077), more oocytes retrieved (p<0.0007), and higher peak E2 concentration (p<0.0001). No correlations were found between ovarian volumes and age, basal FSH levels, E2 concentrations, and hMG doses and durations. Considering oocytes number as dependent variable, the significant correlations were found in ovarian volumes (p<0.05), basal antral follicle numbers (p<0.0001), and peak E2 concentrations (p<0.0002), but no correlation was found in ages, basal FSH, basal E2, and hMG doses and duration. Ovarian volume was not significantly related with clinical pregnancy rate (p=0.3014). CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the baseline ovarian volumes could be considered as a good marker of ovarian reserve, and it also could be used for the prediction of ovarian response to gonadotropin therapy.

Clinical Analysis of Laparoscopic Adhesiolysis

PURPOSE: Laparoscopic management of intestinal obstruction is hypothetically attractive, However little is known about this procedure in our country. With new advances in diagnostic and therapeutic tools such as laparoscopic procedures, the management of intestinal obstruction has become feasible. METHODS: In order to analyze the clinical results of laparoscopic adhesiolysis, a retrospective review of a consecutive series of 20 cases of intestinal obstruction unresponsive to medical management was done between 1997 and 2000. RESULTS: The mean surgical time for the laparoscopic procedure was 75 min and two cases were converted to open surgery due to dense adhesion and intestinal strangulation. The characterization of adhesion type included 10 cases with simple fibrotic band, 4 cases with multiple fibrotic band and 5 cases with dense adhesion. Additionally, the most common site for adhesion was the small intestine and colon (12 cases). The mean diet start time was 2.3 days, mean hospital stay was 4.7 days and totally mean analgesic use was 1.6 times. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic management of adhesive bowel obstruction is feasible and safe in experienced hands. The laparoscopic procedure also is an excellent diagnostic modality in case of obstruction, and the majority of these cases can be simultaneously managed laparoscopically. A laparoscopic approach is recommend as a first choice of treatment for selective cases of intestinal adhesion.

A clinical study on the results of middle ear surgery / 대한이비인후과학회지

No abstract available.