RESUMO
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES@#Nutrition knowledge has been reported to have a weak positive effect on healthy eating behavior. This study aimed to determine if there was a difference in nutrition knowledge depending on the choice of science subject in high school and whether that affected the actual eating habits of college students in Japan. @*SUBJECTS/METHODS@#The subjects were 514 college students, the majority first-year students, in 3 cities in Japan. A questionnaire survey was conducted on elective subjects in science in high school, diet (11 items), lifestyle (5 items), and nutrition knowledge (34 questions). The preliminary survey was conducted on 47 students in the fall of 2019, and the full-scale survey was conducted in May–June and October–November 2021 at the end of lectures for the first-year students. @*RESULTS@#The students in the high-score group (24–31 points, n = 180) had a higher intake of vegetables (odds ratio [OR], 1.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12–2.82; P = 0.015) and breakfast (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.03–2.60; P = 0.035), and a reduced intake of fast food (OR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.14–0.51; P < 0.001) than those in the low-score group (6–19 points, n = 150). Only the biology and chemistry students had significantly higher nutrition scores than the other groups (all: P < 0.001), but no significant difference was found between the other groups. Understanding nutrition learned in elementary and junior high school is appropriate, while molecular structure, recommended amount, and food poisoning were insufficient. @*CONCLUSIONS@#Knowledge of nutrition appears to have a positive effect on the actual eating habits of college students. Although biology and chemistry in high school may help students understand the foundations of good nutrition, specialized food education may be required to make informed dietary choices.
RESUMO
A dermatitis of unknowns etiology has occurred among the farmers working in paddy fields in some districts of Kagoshima Prefecture, such as Ibusuki, Hiyoshi, Oura, Makizono and Minami-tane.<BR>In order to acertain the cause of the disease, the epidemiological investigations have been made since1975.<BR>The dermatitis occurrs from March to July when rice-planting and weeding are on and is characterized by erythemato- papulo-vesicular eruptions accompanied with severe itching. The chief symptoms are observed on the parts exposed to water, especially on forearms and lower legs.<BR>The research for snail intermediate hosts was carried out in the paddy fields where the dermatitis originated.<BR>As a result, two species of apharyngeal furcocercous cercariae were obtained from the fresh water snails, <I>Polypylis hemisphaerula</I> and <I>Austropeplea ollula</I>. The cercaria from <I>P. hemisphaerula</I> resembled to that of<I> Gigantobilharzia sturniae</I> in shape and size, and the other one from <I>A. ollula</I> was identified as species belonging to the genus Trichobilharzia and was regarded the same species as described in Saitama Prefecture by the authors.<BR>An experimental infection with the cercaria belonging to the genus <I>Trichobilharzia</I> was performed. A few drops of water containing10cercariae were placed on the forearm. The cercariae invaded into the skin and produced a dermatitis quite similar to that prevailing in the endemic areas.<BR>Therefore, it was concluded that the etiological agent were the cercariae of two different avian schistosomes, namely, <I>G. sturniae</I> and <I>Trichobilharzia</I> sp.