RESUMO
Objectives: To study clinical profile of metabolic syndrome and its individual components in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects and their asymptomatic first-degree relatives. To identify risk factors of glucose intolerance. Material and methods: Randomly selected type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects age >40 years (n = 20, 10 males, 10 females) and their asymptomatic first-degree relatives age >30 years (excluding pregnant women) (n = 80; 46 males; 34 females) subjected to regression analysis with reference to components of metabolic syndrome (waist circumference, serum triglyceride, serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL), fasting plasma glucose, hypertension) and other variables. Student t-test was used for comparison of results. Results: Among T2DM subjects: Ninety percent were hypertensive, 85% had low HDL, 30% males and 80% females had central obesity, 85% had metabolic syndrome. Among asymptomatic first-degree relatives of T2DM subjects: 48.7% had metabolic syndrome; hypertension, low HDL, central obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, T2DM were present in 52.5%, 68.7%, 48.7%, 26.2%, 35%, respectively. In subjects with abnormal glucose level (n = 49) 59.18% subjects and in subjects with normal glucose level (n = 31) 32.25% met the criteria for metabolic syndrome (p = 0.023). Impaired fasting glucose, increased hip circumference and low HDL independently determined two hours glycemia value in OGTT. (R2 = 0.7; p = 0.001). Conclusion: In T2DM and their asymptomatic first-degree relatives, hypertension and low HDL were commonest components of metabolic syndrome, females were more obese. Glucose intolerance was significantly associated with other components of metabolic syndrome. Impaired fasting glucose, increased hip circumference and low HDL levels were risk factors for glucose intolerance.
RESUMO
Humoral immunological profile including immunoglobulins IgG, IgA, IgM, C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibodies and circulating immune complexes were studied in a representative sample of 36 workers suffering from asbestosis (group A), 35 workers who are exposed to asbestos but not having evidence of asbestosis (group B) and 28 control workers (group C). Mean IgG and IgA levels were found to be significantly higher in the two exposed groups than in the controls. Circulating immune complexes of IgG, IgA and IgM class were detected in a significant percentage of cases in exposed groups than in controls. In groups A and B, the percentage of positive ANF cases was much higher than in the controls. The results suggest that immunological changes are associated with exposure to asbestos and these may play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease process.