[Protective effect of Co-enzyme Q10 on seizure, short term spatial memory and oxidative stress in induced-epileptic rats]

Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common type of epilepsy in human. Patients suffer from spontaneous seizures and memory deficiency. This study was done to assess the effect of Co-enzyme Q10 [CoQ10] administration on seizure, short-term spatial memory and stress oxidative indices in hippocampus of kainic acid-induced epilepsy. In this experimental study, 48 male rats were randomly allocated into six groups: shamoperated; CoQ10 [10 mg/kg/bw]-treated SH; kainate; CoQ10 [2, 5 and 10 mg/kg/bw] treated kainic acid. CoQ10 was intraperitoneally administered daily for one week before intra-hippocampal injection of kainic acid [4microg/kg/bw] in animals. Kainic acid induced chronic and acute spontaneous seizures in animals. Also, kainic acid administration caused a reduction in alternational behavior rate [consecutive or serially entrance into all of arms in triplet set], increasing of malondialdehide, nitrite level and decreasing of superoxide dismutase activity compared to sham group [P<0.05]. Pre-treatment of kainate rats with CoQ10 decreased rate of spontaneous seizures [P<0.05]. CoQ10 increased alternational behavior rate, decreased malondialdehide and nitrite serum level [P<0.05]. But it had no significant effect on superoxide dismutase activity. Pre-treatment of kainic acid exposed rats with CoQ10 reduced rate of seizures and improved short-term spatial memory and oxidative stress indices in rats

[Protective effect of silymarin on learning and memory deficiency in streptozotocin-diabetic rats]

Diabetes mellitus cause learning, memory and cognitive skills disorders in the long term. This study was conducted to determine the protective effect of silymarin on the learning and memory deficiency in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. This experimental study was conducted on 40 male Wistar rats weighing 240-300 grams. The rats were randomly allocated into 5 groups: control, silymarin-treated control [100 mg/kg], diabetic, and two silymarin-treated diabetic groups [50 and 100 mg/kg]. Silymarin was daily administered [i.p. and daily] ten days after streptozotocin injection for 4 weeks. Finally, initial [acquisition index] and step-through latencies [retention and recall index] were measured using passive avoidance test and alternation behavior percentage as an index of spatial memory was determined using Y maze. The level of malondialdehyde in the homogenate hippocampal tissue of the animals brains was measured. Data were analyzed using Sigma Stat-3.5, one-way and two-way ANOVA, Tukey, and Kruskall-Wallis tests. A significant reduction of STL was observed in diabetic [P<0.01] and silymarin-treated [50 mg/kg] diabetic [P<0.05] groups and this parameter was significantly higher in diabetic group receiving a high dose of silymarin compared to diabetic group [P<0.05]. Meanwhile, alternation percentage in diabetic animals was significantly lower than control group [P<0.05] and this index did not show a significant difference in silymarin-treated diabetic groups in comparison with diabetic group. In diabetic rats, there was a significant increase in the tissue level of malondialdehyde [P<0.05] and silymarin treatment with dosage of [100 mg/kg] significantly reduced the level of MDA [P<0.05]. This study showed that although long-term administration of silymarin at a high dose [100 mg/kg] affects the ability to store data in memory and to recall it in diabetic animals in passive avoidance test, it does not improve short-term spatial memory in diabetic animals. The beneficial effects of silymarin may be via attenuation of lipid peroxidation in hippocampus tissue

[Effect of chronic administration of silymarin on oxidative stress markers in renal tissue of diabetic rats]

Chronic diabetes mellitus is accompanied with enhanced oxidative stress and reduce the activity of antioxidant defense system. Due to significant role of enhanced oxidative stress in development of renal damage in diabetices, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chronic administration of Silymarin on oxidative stress markers in renal tissue of diabetic rats. In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: control, silymarin-treated control [100 mg/kg bw], diabetic, and silymarin -treated diabetic groups [50 and 100 mg/kg bw]. Silymarin was administered [daily and intraperitonealy] ten days after Streptozotocin injection for 4 weeks. Tissue level of malondialdehyde and nitrite and nitrate and activity of superoxide dismutase in kidney tissue were measured. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey tests. A significant increase in tissue level of malondialdehyde, nitrite and nitrate in diabetic rats were observed [P<0.05]. Silymarin treatment [100 mg/kg/bw] significantly reduced the tissue level of Malondialdehyde, nitrate and nitrate [P<0.05]. Non-significant recduction of activity of superoxide dismutase was oberved in diabetic rats and Silymarin treatment [50 and 100 mg/kg bw] did not significantly altered enzyme activity. Four weeks treatment of Silymarin [100 mg/kg bw] reduce oxidative stress indexes in renal tissue of diabetic rats

[Antinociceptive effect of Allium schoenoprasum L. oral feeding in male diabetic rats]

Hyperalgesia is considered as one of the marked signs of subchronic diabetes mellitus that could affect the life style of the patients. This study was designed to investigate the antinociceptive effect of chronic feeding of Allium schoenoprasum [AS] leaf in streptozotocin-diabetic rats using formalin and tail immersion tests. Rats were divided into control, AS leaf-treated control, diabetic sodium salicylate [SS]-treated diabetic, and AS leaf-treated diabetic groups. The treatment groups received oral administration of AS leaf-mixed pelleted food p3%] for 8 weeks. Finally hyperalgesia were assessed using standard formalin and tail immersion tests. Averaged pain score for the first 0-10 min and the later 16-60 min after formalin infection was regarded as acute and chronic phases, respectively. AS leaf treatment of diabetic rats reduced pain score in chronic phase of formalin test from 2.41 +/- 0.14 to 2.01 +/- 0.12 [P<0.05]. Regarding hot tail immersion test, diabetic rats showed a significant reduction [5.9 s] in tail flick latency as compared to control ones [P<0.05]. However, AS leaf treatment of diabetic rats did not significantly increase this latency relative of untreated diabetics. Taken together, 8-week administration of AS leaf could attenuate nociceptive score in chronic phase of formalin test in streptozotocin-induced experimental model of diabetes mellitus, but, had no effect on thermal pain. Perhaps, the anti-inflammatory property of the plant is responsible for its analgesic effect

[ effect of tribulus terrestris on thoracic aorta contractile response in diabetic rats]

Considering the higher incidence of cardiovascular disorders in diabetes mellitus and some evidence on antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of Tribulus terrestris [TT], this study was conducted to evaluate the beneficial effect of 6-week oral administration of TT on contractile reactivity of isolated thoracic aorta in diabetic rats. Female Wistar rats were divided into control, TT-treated control, diabetic, glibenclamide-treated, and TT-treated diabetic groups. For induction of diabetes, streptozotcin [STZ] was administered [60 mg/Kg]. Meanwhile, TT-treated groups received TT-mixed with standard pelleted food at a weight ratio of 6.25% for 6 weeks. Serum glucose level was measured at weeks 3 and 6. Finally, contractile reactivity of thoracic aortic rings to KCl and phenylephrine [PE] was determined. Serum glucose level at weeks 3 and 6 showed a significant decrease in TT-treated diabetic group [P<0.01 and P<0.005 respectively] compared to diabetics. In addition, TT-treated diabetic group showed a significant lower contraction to PE [P<0.05] as compared to diabetic group and such significant reduction was also observed for KCl [P<0.05]. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference between control and TT-treated control groups regarding their contractile reactivity to KCl and PE. Oral administration of TT for 6 weeks could exert a hypoglycemic effect and also attenuates the contractile responsiveness of the vascular system and this may prevent the development of hypertension in diabetic rats

Evaluation of the effect of chronic administration of silymarin on thermal and chemical hyperalgesia in an experimental model of diabetic neuropathy in male rats

Hyperalgesia is recongnized as one of the marked signs of diabetic neuropathy. Considering the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of silymarin, this study was designed to investigate the analgesic effect of silymarin in an experimental model of diabetic neuropathy in male rats. In warm tail immersion test, rats were divided into control, silymarin-treated control, diabetic, silymarin-treated diabetic groups. For the formalin test, sodium salicylate [SS]-treated control and diabetic groups were addded to the previous four groups. For induction of diabetes, streptozotocin [60 mg/Kg, i.p., STZ] was administered as a single dose. The treatment groups [in diabetic group, before induction of diabetes], first received a single dose [200mg/kg; i.p] and then a daily dose [100mg/kg;i.p] of silymarin for eight weeks. Results showed that diabetic rats exhibited a higher score of pain during both phases of the formalin test [P=0.03-0.006] and significant decrease in tail flick latency [P<0.02] after eight weeks of diabetic induction in the warm tail immersion test. Treatment with silymarin for eight weeks caused significant decrease in pain scores at both phases of the formalin test [P=0.06-0.0006] and increase in tail flick latency [P=0.03]. On the other hand, silymarin caused no significant decrease in pain scores of control rats. It seems that eight weeks i.p. administration of silymarin could attenuate nociception in an experimental model of diabetic neuropathy, which may be considered as a treatment for painful diabetic neuropathy

[Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effect of chronic administration of naringenin in diabetic rats]

Use of medicinal plants and their effective constituents for attenuation of hyperglycemia and restoration of lipids to normal level is very important. Naringenin as an effective protective of flavonoid exhibits is mainly found in citrus fruits. To investigate the effect of chronic administration of naringenin on serum glucose and lipids in diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats [n = 40] were divided into 5 groups, i.e. control, naringenin-treated control, diabetic, and naringenin- or glibenclamide-treated diabetic groups. For induction of diabetes, streptozotocin [STZ] was administered [60 mg/Kg; i.p.]. Naringenin was administered i.p. at a dose of 10 mg/kg one week after diabetes induction for 6 weeks. Serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol levels were determined before the study, and at 3[rd] and 61[th] weeks after the study. There was a significant reduction in serum glucose level at 3[rd] and 6[th] weeks in naringenin-treated diabetic group as compared to untreated diabetics [p<0.01]. In addition, there was not a significant reduction in serum total cholesterol in naringenin-treated diabetic group as compared to untreated diabetics. Regarding serum triglyceride, there was a significant reduction in naringenin-treated diabetic group as compared to untreated diabetics [p<0.01]. On the other hand, naringenin administration did not significantly increase HDL-cholesterol level and reduce LDL-cholesterol level in treated diabetics relative to untreated diabetic group. Chronic administration of naringenin had a significant antihyperglycemic effect and led to appropriate significant changes only in serum triglyceride

[Survey the effect of feeding of allium latifolium on contractile reactivity of aorta of diabetic rats]

Abstract Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is accompanied with a higher incidence of cardiovascular disorders and atherosclerosis. With regard to antidiabetic potential of derivatives of Allium latifolium [AL], the effect of oral administration of this plant on the contractile reactivity of isolated aorta in diabetic rats was investigated during 6 weeks

Objective: Survey the Effect of Feeding of Allium Latifolium on Contractile Reactivity of Aorta of Diabetic rats

Materials and Methods: In this study male wistar rats [n=32] were randomly divided into 4 groups, i.e. control, AL-treated control, diabetic, and AL-treated diabetic groups. For induction of diabetes, streptozotocin [60 mg/kg i.p.] was used. The treatment groups received oral administration of plant-mixed standard pelleted food [6.25%] for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, contractile reactivity of aortic rings to KCl and nor adrenaline was determined by using isolated tissue setup

Results: Serum glucose level in diabetic group increased during 6 weeks after the experiment as compared with one week before the study [p<0.001] AL treatment of diabetic rats showed a significant hypoglycemic effect [p<0.01]. In addition, the latter group showed a lower contraction to KCl [P<0.05] and nor adrenaline [P<0.01] as compared with diabetic group. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference between control and AL-treated control groups regarding contractile reactivity

Conclusion: use of Oral administration of AL for 6 weeks can attenuate the contractile responsiveness of the vascular system and this may prevent the development of hypertension in diabetic rats

[ effect of chronic oral feeding of Apium graveolens on learning and memory in diabetic rats]

Diabetes mellitus [especially type I] is accompanied with disturbances in learning, memory, and cognitive skills in the human society and experimental animals. Considering the beneficial effect of Apium graveolens [AG] on lipid peroxidation in hyperlipidemia and on serum lipids in diabetes mellitus, this research study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chronic oral administration of AG on learning and memory in diabetic rats using passive avoidance test. For this purpose, male Wistar diabetic rats were randomly divided into control, AG-treated control, diabetic, and AG-treated diabetic groups. AG treatment [at a weight ratio of 1/15 mixed with rat chow] continued for 6 weeks. For induction of diabetes, streptozotocin was injected i.p. at a single dose of 60 mg/kg. For evaluation of learning and memory, initial latency [IL] and step-through latency [STL] were determined at the end of study using passive avoidance test. Meanwhile, alternation behavior percentage was determined using Y maze. There was a significant increase [p<0.05] in IL in diabetic and AG-treated diabetic groups after 6 weeks as compared to control group. In this respect, there was no significant difference between diabetic and AG-treated diabetic groups. On the other hand, STL significantly decreased [p<0.05] in diabetic group and significantly increased [p<0.05] in AG-treated diabetic group as compared to control group at the end of study. In addition, STL did not significantly change in AG-treated control group in comparison with control group. Results of Y-maze showed that alternation was significantly higher [p<0.05] in AG-treated diabetic rats relative to untreated diabetic ones and AG treatment did not have any significant effect in control group. Chronic oral administration of AG could enhance the consolidation and recall capability of stored information and improve spatial memory in diabetic animals

[ effect of prolonged oral administration of silybum marianum [SM] shoots on learning and memory in streptozotocin induced-diabetic rats]

Diabetes mellitus [DM] especially type A, is accompanied by disturbances in learning, memory, and cognitive skills in human society and experimental animals. Regarding the beneficial effect of SM on lipid peroxidation in hyperlipidemia and on serum lipids in DM, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of prolonged oral administration of SM on learning and memory in diabetic rats. Female wistar rats [n = 36] were randomly divided into control, SM-treated control, diabetic, and SM-treated diabetic groups. Treatment groups received a mixture of SM and standard rat food at a weight ratio of 6.25% for 4 weeks.To induce diabetes, streptozotocin was injected intraperitoneally at a single dose of 60 mg/kg. For evaluation of learning and memory, initial latency [IL] and step-through latency [STL] were determined at the end of the study using passive avoidance test. Meanwhile, alternation behavior percentage was determined using Y maze test. There was a significant increase [p = 0.032] in IL in diabetic and SM-treated diabetic groups after 4 weeks compared to control group. There was no significant difference between diabetic and SM-treated diabetic groups. On the other hand, STL decreased significantly [p = 0.032] in diabetic group while it increased significantly [p = 0.027] in SM-treated group compared to control group at the end of the study. The results of Y maze showed that alternation score was not different between treated and untreated diabetic groups. SM could enhance the consolidation and recall capability of stored information but did not affect spatial memory of diabetic animals

effect of long term oral administration of Hypericum perforatum aerial part on learning and memory in diabetic rats by means of passive avoidance test

Diabetes mellitus [especially type I] is accompanied with disturbances in learning, memory, and cognitive skills in the human beings and experimental animals. Considering the potential nootropic effect of the medicinal plant Hypericum perforatum [HP], therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of long term oral administration of HP aerial part on learning and memory in diabetic rats by use of passive avoidance test. In this study, male Wistar diabetic rats were randomly divided into control, HP-treated control, diabetic, and HP-treated diabetic groups. HP treatment continued for 1 to 2 months. For induction of diabetes a single dose of streptozotocin 60mg/kg was injected i.p. Serum glucose level was determined before the study and at the 4[th] and 8[th] weeks after the experiment. In addition, for evaluation of learning and memory, initial latency [IL] and step-through latency [STL] were determined after 1 and 2 months using passive avoidance test. One- and two-month administration of HP aerial part at a weight ratio of 1/15 did not show any significant hypoglycemic effect in treated control and diabetic groups. Furthermore, there was a significant increase [p<0.05] in IL in diabetic and HP-treated diabetic groups after two months as compared to control group. In this respect, there was no significant difference between diabetic and HP-treated diabetic groups. In addition, STL significantly increased in HP-treated control group after 1 [p<0.05] and 2 [p<0.05] months in comparison with control group. On the other hand, STL significantly decreased [p<0.05] in diabetic group and significantly increased [p<0.05] in HP-treated diabetic group as compared to control group after two months. In summary, long term oral administration of HP aerial part could enhance the recall capability of stored information in control and diabetic animals

Analgesic effect of chronic oral administration of aerial Part of Marrubium Vulgare in diabetic rats

Considering the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effect of marrubium vulgare [MV], this study was designed to investigate the analgesic effect of MV on formalin-induced nociceptive response [standard formalin test] in diabetic rats. Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into control, MV-treated control diabetic sodium salicylate [SS]-treated diabetic, sodium salicylate [SS]-treated control and MV-treated diabetic groups. For induction of diabetes, streptozotocin was used at a single dose. The treatment groups received oral administration of MV-mixed pelleted food [6.25%] for two months. In this study, administration of sodium salicylate to control and diabetic groups caused a significant reduction in pain score in the second phase of formalin test [p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively]. On the other hand, administration of marrubium vulgare for two months to control and diabetic groups caused a significant reduction in pain score at both phases of the formalin test [21.3% [p<0.05] and 18.4% reductions [p<0.05]] in control and diabetic groups [17.6% [p<0.05] and 17.9% reductions [p< 0.05]] as compared to untreated control and diabetic groups. The results indicate that administration of marrubium vulgare could attenuate nociceptive score in an experimental model of diabetes mellitus and this may be considered as a potential treatment for painful diabetic neuropathy

Time-dependent changes in responsiveness of thoracic aorta of diabetic rats to quercetin

Cardiovascular disorders are amongst the most prevalent complications of diabetes mellitus in long term. Since vascular responsiveness to vasoactive agents changes in diabetes with time, this experimental study was conducted to evaluate time-dependent changes in the responsiveness of thoracic aorta of diabetic rats to the flavonoid quercetin. For this purpose, male wistar rats were divided into control and experimental groups. For induction of diabetes, streptozotocin [i.p.] was used. The body weight and serum glucose parameters were determined before and at 2[nd], 4[th], and 8[th] weeks after the experiment. Contractile responsiveness to KCI and noreadrenalin [NA] and quercetininduced vasorelaxation were measured at 4[th] and 8[th] weeks. The results showed that after 4 and 8 weeks, quercetin [0.1 micro M-1 mM] induced a dose-dependent vasorelaxation in aortic rings precontracted with KCI and/or NA from both control and diabetic groups. Furthermore, this vasorelaxation was significantly attenuated in diabetic group eight weeks after the study in comparison with data at fourth week. It can be concluded that the vasorelaxant effect of this flavonoid is attenuated in diabetes mellitus with time

[ effect of long-term oral administration of Nigella. sativum on the contractile reactivity of thoracic aorta in diabetic rats]

Therapeutics, especially medical plants with minimum side-effects are of high value in preventing vascular complications of diabetes mellitus in long term. Considering the evidences about the anti-diabetic effects of Nigella. Sativum [NS], the current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of oral two-month administration of NS on the contractile reactivity of isolated aorta in male diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats [n=32] were randomly divided into control, NS-treated control, diabetic, and NS-treated diabetic groups. For induction of diabetes, streptozotcin [STZ] was intraperitoneally administered. The treatment groups were received oral administration of NS-mixed pelleted food [6.25%] for two months. After two months, the contractile reactivity of aortic rings to KCl and noreadrenaline was determined using isolated tissue setup. Contractile response to cumulative KCl and noreadrenaline followed a dose-dependent pattern in aortic rings in all groups. In addition, the maximum contractile reactivity was significantly higher in the diabetic group compared to the control one [p<0.001]. Meanwhile, this response was lower in NS-treated diabetic group in comparison with untreated diabetic group [p<0.05]. Long-term oral administration of Nigella. sativum attenuated the enhanced vascular responsiveness in diabetes mellitus and some developed cardiovascular complications due to diabetes

[Analgesic effect of chronic oral administration of Nigella sativa seeds in diabetic rats]

Hyperalgesia is considered as one the marked signs of subchronic diabetes mellitus that could affect the life style of patients. Considering the evidence on the antidiabetic and analgesic effects of Nigella sativa [NS], this study was designed to investigate the analgesic effects of NS on formalin-induced nociceptive responses [standard formalin test] in streptozotocin [STZ]-induced diabetic rats. In this experimental study, male rats [n = 60] were randomly divided into control, NS-treated control, diabetic, sodium salicylate [SS]-treated diabetic, and NS-treated diabetic groups. For induction of diabetes, streptozotocin was used at a single dose. The treatment groups received oral administration of NS seed-mixed pelleted food [6.25%] for two months. Diabetic rats exhibited a higher score of pain at both phases of the formalin test [p = 0.031 and p = 0.034 respectively] and NS-treated diabetic rats exhibited a lower nociceptive score as compared to untreated-diabetic ones at both acute and chronic phases [p = 0.008 and p = 0.009 respectively]. Meanwhile, SS administration significantly reduced pain score only during the chronic phase of the test [p = 0.009]. On the other hand, NS administration in control rats caused a lower nociceptive score as compared to untreated controls [p= 0.046 and p = 0.039]. Two-month oral administration of NS seeds can attenuate nociceptive scores in an experimental model of diabetes mellitus and therefore could be considered as a potential treatment for painful diabetic neuropathy

effect of chronic withania somnifera feeding on the serum levels of glucose and lipids of diabetic rats

Due to the anti-diabetic effect of Withania somnifera [WS] [ashwagandha] and its beneficial effect on the metabolism of foodstuffs, the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of this plant was investigated in an experimental model of diabetes mellitus. For this purpose, male Wistar rats [n = 48] were randomly divided into 4 groups, i.e. control, WS-treated control, diabetic, and WS-treated diabetic groups. The treatment groups received oral administration of plant-mixed pelleted food [6.25%] for two months. Serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL- and HDL- cholesterol levels were determined before the study, and at 4thand 8thweeks after the experiment. Serum glucose level in the diabetic group increased 4 and 8 weeks after the experiment as compared to data one week before the study [P<0.001] and WS treatment of diabetic rats had no significant effect. In addition, triglyceride level in the diabetic group increased 8 weeks after the experiment in comparison with related data one week before the study [P<0.05], and there was a significant lower level of triglycerides in W8-treated diabetic rats [P<0.05]. Furthermore, a similar significant reduction was obtained for treated-diabetic group as compared to the diabetic group regarding serum cholesterol level [P<0.05]. On the other hand, HDL- and LDL cholesterol levels were significantly higher [P<0.05] and lower [p<0.01] in the WS-diabetic group as compared to the untreated diabetic group respectively. Chronic oral administration of WS has no significant hypoglycemic effect and leads to appropriate changes in blood lipid profile

[Anti-hyperlycemic and hypolipidemic effect of oral administration of Capsicum frutescens in male STZ-diabetic rats]

There are few reports on the antidiabetic effect of the medicinal plant red pepper. Since there is no strong documentation for its efficacy in diabetic state, therefore, its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect was investigated in an experimental model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. For this purpose, male Wistar rats [n = 36] were randomly divided into 4 groups, i.e. control, pepper-treated control, diabetic, and pepper-treated diabetic groups. For induction of diabetes, streptozotocin [STZ 60 mg/Kg i.p.] was used at a single dose. A serum glucose level higher than 250 mg/dl was considered as the presence of diabetic state. The treatment groups received oral administration of pepper-mixed pelleted food at a ratio of 1/15. Statistical analysis of the data showed that serum glucose level in diabetic group increases 2 and 4 weeks after the experiment as compared to data one week before the experiment [p<0.001], while this parameter was only significantly lower 2 weeks after the experiment in pepper-treated diabetic group as compared to untreated-diabetic group [p<0.01]. In addition, there was no significant difference between pepper-treated control and untreated control groups regardiong serum glucose level. In addition, triglyceride level was higher in diabetic group and there was a reduction in this parameter in pepper-treated diabetic group as compared to diabetic group at fourth week after the experiment [p<0.05]. On the other hand, cholesterol level showed no significant reduction in pepper-treated diabtic group in comparison with untreated diabetic group. Taken together, the results of this study clearly showed that oral administration of red pepper in short-term could significantly reduce serum glucose level and in long-term could only reduce triglyceride level in diabetic rats. Therefore, this medicinal plant is recommended for attenuation of some diabetic complications due to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia