A Case of Congenital Triangular Alopecia in Infancy / 대한피부과학회지

Congenital triangular alopecia is an uncommon nonscarring form of alopecia. It presents with isolated alopecic patch at the frontotemporal area of the scalp. Although previously considered congenital, this condition usually is discovered after 2 years of age and, more recently, is thought to be acquired. We report a case of congenital triangular alopecia in a 12 month old female who had the lesion since birth.

A Case of Acantholytic Dyskeratotic Epidermal Nevus / 대한피부과학회지

Acantholytic dyskeratosis is a regular histologic feature in Darier's disease, transient acantholytic dermatosis and warty dyskeratoma. It is also occasionally observed as an incidental histological finding in linear epidermal nevus. We report a case of acantholytic dyskeratotic epidermal nevus in an 11-month-old boy. The patient showed unilateral, brown colored verrucous plaque on the right shin. Histological finding showed hyperkeratosis, irregular acanthosis & focal acantholytic dyskeratosis.

Effects of TNF-alpha and Minoxidil on Human Hair Growth in Vitro / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: The factors that regulate hair follicle growth are still poorly understood. In vitro models may be useful in elucidating some aspects of hair follicle biology. TNF-alpha is potent inhibitor of hair follicle growth. TNF-alpha induces the formation of a club-like hair follicle, similar to catagen morphology of the hair bulb. Minoxidil induces generalized hypertrichosis when administered systemically, or localized hair regrowth when applied topically to sites of alopecia. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of TNF-alpha and minoxidil on human hair growth using in vitro model. METHODS: Healthy human hair follicles without any visible damage were collected, they were cultured in Williams E medium with several combinations of supplements and TNF-alpha and/or minoxidil were added to the media. The results were evaluated by measuring linear hair fiber growth and hair follicle morphology on light microsocopy and by measuring radioisotope uptake of (methyl-3H)thymidine of hair follicle. RESULTS: The following results were obtained from this study. TNF-alpha have inhibitory effect on the rate of linear hair growth in cultured hair follicles. Minoxidil has no stimulatory effect on the rate of linear hair growth and no protective effect on the TNF-alpha induced growth inhibition in cultured hair follicles. CONCLUSION: TNF-alpha has growth-inhibitory effect and minoxidil has no protective effect on the TNF-alpha induced hair change.

Two Cases of Eosinophilic Pustular Folliculitis in Infancy / 대한피부과학회지

Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis(EPF) is characterized by recurrent crops of pruritic follicular papules and pustules that occur mainly on the face, trunk, and extremities of young men. EPF in infancy is a rare disorder which reveals the distinctive clinical features consisting of self-limited recurrent papules, pustules, and vesicles appearing in corps, involving mainly or exclusively the scalp. We describe two patients with EPF in infancy. Both patients had self-limited recurrent crops of papules and pustules affecting the scalp only.

A Case of Sclerosing Panniculitis / 대한피부과학회지

Sclerosing panniculitis refers to the skin induration and hyperpigmentation of the legs that often occurs in patients who have venous insufficiency. Sclerosing panniculitis is similar to those described under the designations hypodermitis sclerodermiformis or lipodermatosclerosis. Histologically the septa of the subcutis become thickening by inflammation and fibrosis. Adipocytes coalesce to form small and large pseudocysts. Some of these are lined by refractile, amphophilic crenulated membranes. This alteration was referred to as lipomembranous change. We report a case of sclerosing panniculitis in a 40-year-old female patient presented as induration and depression of the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the lower third of the leg.

A Case of Transient Acantholytic Dermatosis / 대한피부과학회지

Transient acantholytic dermatosis was first described by Grover in 1970. It is characterized by pruritic, discrete papules and papulovesicles distributed mainly on the trunk. The histologic hallmark of the disorder is focal acantholysis, several patterns of which have been described. The etiologic factors and pathogenesis remain unclear. We report a 45-year-old male patient with multiple severely pruritic, discrete papules and papulovesicles on the trunk. There were no oral cavity, palm and sole involvement. Histopathologic findings revealed epidermal acanthosis, acantholysis and hyperkeratosis with suprabasal splits. He showed good response to topical steroid and oral antihistamine.

A Case of Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris in an Infant / 대한피부과학회지

Pityriasis rubra pilaris is a rare papulosquamous and keratotic disease. The orange hue to the erythema, the thickening of the palms and soles and so called 'islands of normal skin' contribute to establish the diagnosis based on morphologic features. We present a 6-month-old male patient with multiple scaly erythematous patches and 'island of normal skin' on the face. There is no palmoplantar keratoderma, nor onychopathy. Histopathologic findings revealed alternating parakeratosis and hypergranulosis in the epidermis and mild perivascular lymphocytic infiltration in the dermis. Unlike to Griffiths classification, he showed good responses to topical steroid and UV phototherapy.

A Case of Cutaneous Bronchogenic Cyst / 대한피부과학회지

Cutaneous bronchogenic cyst is an anomalous structure that arises from the tracheobronchial tree during embryonic development and is usually located in the area of the manubrium sternum or suprasternal notch. Histopathologically, bronchogenic cyst is lined by ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelia with goblet cells. We report a case of cutaneous bronchogenic cyst in a 25-year-old male patient presented as a nodular lesion on the neck.

A Case of Calcifying Aponeurotic Fibroma / 대한피부과학회지

Calcifying aponeurotic fibroma is a rare benign soft tissue tumor that primarily occurs in children and adolescents and has a strong predilection for the distal portion of the extremities and has a tendency to recur. A case of calcifying aponeurotic fibroma arising in the tip of 2nd digit of right hand of 24-year-old woman was presented. The lesion was solitary, 0.5X0.5cm sized, mildly tender, erythematous papule. Microscopic finding showed poorly circumscribed proliferation of dense fibrous tissue containing epihelioid-like fibroblasts, islands of metaplastic chondroid differentiation with focal calcification.

A Case of Sneddon's Syndrome / 대한피부과학회지

Sneddon's syndrome is an infrequent neurocutaneous disorder of unknown origin. It is characterized by the combination of livedo reticularis and cerebrovascular accident. We present a 57-year-old male patient with livedo reticularis and cerebrovascular accident. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head showed a sign of acute focal infarctions in the right cerebellar hemisphere and right vermis. He had netlike patterned, mottled bluish discoloration on both legs. Histopathologic finding revealed elongation and fusion of rete ridges and mild thickening of dermal capillaries.