Patterns of Subsequent Progression of Localized Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Defects on Red-free Fundus Photographs in Normal-tension Glaucoma

PURPOSE: To investigate patterns of subsequent progression of localized retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects and to quantify the extent of progression in normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients. METHODS: Thirty-three eyes of 33 consecutive NTG patients who had shown continuous progression of localized RNFL defect on serial red-free fundus photographs were selected for the study. Patterns of subsequent progression of localized RNFL defects were categorized, and extents of progression were quantified. Serial evaluations of disc stereophotographs and visual fields were also performed to detect progression. RESULTS: The most common pattern was continuous widening of the defect towards the macula (n = 11, 33.3%) followed by sharpening of the defect border after widening of the defect towards the macula (n = 5, 15.2%), continuous widening of the defect away from the macula (n = 2, 6.1%), and deepening of the defect after appearance of a new defect (n = 2, 6.1%). Four eyes (12.1%) simultaneously showed two patterns of subsequent progression. In 13 eyes that showed continuous widening of the defect, subsequent angular widening towards the macula and away from the macula were 9.2 ± 6.0degrees (range, 1.1degrees to 24.4degrees; n = 11) and 5.2 ± 4.9degrees (range, 0.3degrees to 11.3degrees; n = 2), respectively. Thirty-two eyes showed no progression of optic disc cupping. Out of the 21 eyes in which Humphrey central 30-2 threshold visual field tests were performed after progression of RNFL defects, 15 eyes showed no deterioration in the visual field. CONCLUSIONS: There were nine patterns of subsequent progression of localized RNFL defects. Among them, continuous RNFL loss proceeding temporally was the most common one. Initial progression of the defect proceeded temporally, especially in the defect located at the inferior fundus, might be at a risk of further RNFL loss temporally.

A Case of Eyelid Steatocystoma

PURPOSE: To report a case of eyelid steatocystoma. CASE SUMMARY: A 65-year-old woman presented with a mass around the punctum in the right lower eyelid margin, which developed several years earlier. The mass was a light yellowish cystic nodule and there were no other ocular abnormalities. Under local anesthesia, the mass was completely excised. Histopathologic examination showed a cyst surrounded by stratified squamous epithelium and a sebaceous duct which entered the hair follicle, compatible with the diagnosis of steatocystoma. CONCLUSIONS: Steatocystoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis of a solitary cystic eyelid tumor.

Serum CA 19-9 levels in patients with endometriosis / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy of serum CA19-9 determination for the detection of endometriosis. DESIGNS: A retrospective analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Preoperative serum CA19-9 and CA125 concentrations were measured in 53 patients with surgically and/or histologically diagnosed endometriosis. The extent of disease was staged according to the revised American Fertility Society (1985) classification system. RESULTS: Serum CA19-9 levels were elevated (>or=37 U/ml) in 13 (24.5%) out of 53 patients with endometriosis and serum CA125 levels were elevated (>or=35 U/ml) in 13 (24.5%). Either CA19-9 or CA125 levels in serum were elevated in 18 (34.0%) patients. In patients with stage III or IV endometriosis, elevated CA19-9 levels were noted in 11 (31.4%) of 35 patients, while CA125 in 12 (34.3%). Either CA19-9 or CA125 levels in serum were elevated in 15 (42.9%) of 35 patients with stage III or IV. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that serum CA19-9, in addition to CA125, measurement could help in identifying patients with moderate to severe endometriosis.