Fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) and their parasitoids on cultivated and wild hosts in the Cerrado-Pantanal ecotone in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) and their parasitoids on cultivated and wild hosts in the Cerrado-Pantanal ecotone in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Information on frugivorous flies in cultivated or wild host plants and their parasitoids in the Cerrado-Pantanal ecotone in Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul is presented and discussed. Fruit fly samples were collected weekly in specific fruit trees, and McPhail® traps were installed in the same trees for a period of two years. The fruit flies infested ripe and unripe fruits of Averrhoa carambola L., Schoepfia sp., Psidium guajava L. and Pouteria torta (Mart.) Radlk and mature fruits of Anacardium occidentale L. and Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd. Nineteen fruit fly species were obtained with the combination of sampling methods (collecting fruits and trapping), nine of them obtained with both methods, five found only in fruits and five only in traps. This is the first record of Anastrepha striata Schiner in a species of Sapotaceae, as well as for A. castanea Norrbom and A. daciformes Bezzi in Schoepfia sp. (Olacaceae), and for A. distincta Greene in fruits of P. guajava in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Fruit collections simultaneously associated with capture of fruit flies by McPhail traps in the same host plants are essential to understand the diversity of fruit flies and their relationship with hosts and parasitoids. Species of Braconidae and Pteromalidae were recovered, where Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) was the most abundant parasitoid in larvae of tephritids infesting both cultivated and wild host fruits.

New records of Muscidae (Diptera) in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil / Novos registros de dípteros muscóides em Campo Grande, MS, Brasil

Synanthropic flies outstanding beside other flies due their relative abundance close to domestic animals and human population, to which they are able to cause myiasis or transmit pathogenic agents. As they're necrophagous they act as corpse decomposers and are useful in the forensic entomology in the post mortem interval determination. This study aimed to know flies diversity and abundance in Campo Grande, State of Mato Grosso do Sul. Captures were made weekly, utilizing three traps baited with decaying fish meat, from June of 2008 to May of 2009 in a remainder ciliary forest of the Embrapa's Cattle Beef Experimental Farm. The dipterans families that were considered and respectively number of collected specimens were: Calliphoridae (105,334); Muscidae (27,999); Sarcophagidae (21,083); Fanniidae (17,759) and Mesembrinellidae (305), totalizing 172,480 dipterous. To the local known species some Muscidae were increased as follows: Neomuscina atincticosta, Pseudoptilolepis elbida, Polietina orbitalis, Polietina flavithorax, Scutellomusca scutellaris, Graphomya analis and Morellia couriae.(AU)

As moscas sinantrópicas se destacam pelo fato de serem relativamente abundantes junto à população humana e animais domésticos, podendo causar a estes miíases ou transmitir agentes patogênicos. Por serem necrófagas, atuam na decomposição de cadáveres e são úteis para a entomologia forense como indicadores na determinação do intervalo post mortem - IPM. Este trabalho visou conhecer a diversidade e a abundância das espécies em Campo Grande, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. As capturas foram realizadas semanalmente, com três armadilhas, utilizando isca de peixe deteriorado, durante o período de junho de 2008 a maio de 2009 em mata ciliar remanescente na fazenda experimental da Embrapa Gado de Corte. Foram consideradas as seguintes famílias de dípteros, seguidas pelo número de exemplares obtidos: Calliphoridae (105.334); Muscidae (27.999); Sarcophagidae (21.083); Fanniidae (17.759) e Mesembrinellidae (305), totalizando 172.480 dípteros. Foram acrescentadas às espécies de Muscidae já notificadas para o local deste estudo: Neomuscina atincticosta, Pseudoptilolepis elbida, Polietina orbitalis, Polietina flavithorax, Scutellomusca scutellaris, Graphomya analis e Morellia couriae.(AU)

Diversidade de besouros coprófagos (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) coletados com armadilha de interceptação de voo no Pantanal Sul-Mato-Grossense, Brasil / Diversity of coprophagous scarab beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) collected with flight intercept trap in the Southern Pantanal, Brazil

Os besouros coprófagos desempenham grande importância ecológica dentro dos ecossistemas, porém, escassos são os estudos de diversidade desses insetos em diferentes biomas. Assim, desenvolveu-se o presente estudo com o objetivo de identificar as espécies de Scarabaeidae coprófagos que ocorrem no Pantanal de Mato Grosso do Sul. O trabalho foi desenvolvido na fazenda Nhumirim (Embrapa Pantanal), sub-região da Nhecolândia, no período de junho de 1992 a maio de 1993. Para a coleta dos insetos foram instaladas mensalmente duas armadilhas luminosas do tipo "janela" (1 × 1 m), por um período consecutivo de dois a quatro dias. As armadilhas foram alocadas em área de campo (pastagem nativa) e de cerradão (vegetação densa), sendo acionadas às 19:00 horas e desligadas às 07:00 horas do dia seguinte, quando os insetos capturados eram retirados e acondicionados em frascos etiquetados contendo álcool 70 por cento. Foram coletados 19587 exemplares de Scarabaeidae, pertencentes a duas subfamílias (Aphodiinae e Scarabaeinae), 11 gêneros e 21 espécies. As espécies encontradas no Pantanal Sul-Mato-Grossense pertencem aos gêneros Ataenius, Aphodius, Ateuchus, Canthidium, Dichotomius, Labarrus, Nialaphodius, Ontherus, Trichillum, Trichiopsammobius e Uroxys. Dentre os Aphodiinae, Ataenius sp.2 (96,17 por cento) foi a mais abundante. Canthidium sp.1 (0,39 por cento), Dichotomius sp. (0,28 por cento) e D. bos (Blanchard, 1843) (0,16 por cento) foram as mais abundantes dentre os Scarabaeinae. Com relação ao comportamento reprodutivo de nidificação, 42,86 por cento das espécies coletadas apresentaram hábito paracoprídeo (escavadores) e 57,14 por cento endocoprídeo (residentes).

Coprophagous scarab beetles play an important ecological role in the ecosystems; however, studies on diversity of such insects are scarce for distinct biomes. The present study aimed to identify the Scarabaeidae coprophagous species which occur in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso do Sul. This study was carried out at the Nhumirim ranch (Embrapa Pantanal), located in the Nhecolândia sub-region of the Pantanal, from June 1992 to May 1993. For insect sampling, two window flight traps (1 × 1 m) were set up monthly during two to four consecutive days. The traps were placed in an open native grassland area (native pasture) and in a cerradão (dense savanna) area, remaining active from 19:00 PM to 07:00 AM, when caught insects were removed and fixed in 70 percent alcohol solution. It was collected 19587 individuals of Scarabaeidae, belonging to two subfamilies (Aphodiinae and Scarabaeinae), 11 genera, and 21 species. Coprophagoues scarab species found in the Southern Pantanal belonged to the genera Ataenius, Aphodius, Ateuchus, Canthidium, Dichotomius, Labarrus, Nialaphodius, Ontherus, Trichillum, Trichiopsammobius and Uroxys. Among the Aphodiinae, Ataenius sp.2 (96.17 percent) was the most abundant specie. On the other hand, Canthidium sp.1 (0.39 percent), Dichotomius sp. (0.28 percent), and D. bos (Blanchard, 1843) (0.16 percent) showed the highest abundance among the Scarabaeinae. Regarding their reproductive nesting behavior, 42.86 percent of the species were paracoprids (tunnelers) while 57.14 percent were endocoprids (dwellers).