RESUMO
Objective:To investigate the variation of the drug resistance of Escherichia coli(Eco)against antibacterial in clinical specimens in the hospital, and to evaluate the simultaneous use of antibacterial, to explore to provide the reference for the reasonable clinical use of antibacterial. Method:Eco was separated from all kinds of clinical specimens of out-patients and in-patients in the hospital from August of 2005 to April of 2006,and ESBLs was detected with Kirby-Bauer (K-B) disk diffusion method. It was also counted that the antibacterial drugs ranked the first 30 in sales per month and their use frequencies in the same period in the hospital. Result:The detectable rate of producing ESBLs Eco was 58.6%. Eco was completely sensitive to imipenem. It had lower resistance rates, only 2% and 4% , against piperacillin/tazobactam and cefoperazone/sulbactam; and had 59% and 55% resistance rates respectively against cefotaxime claforan and ceftazidime pentahydrate in the third generation cephalosporin. The third generation cephalosporin and quinolones kept high in sales and their use frequencies ranked the first three. The use of the third generation cephalosporin with anhydrase inhibitors also had an uptrend. Conclusion:There is a direct relation between the use of a great deal of antibacterial and the imitative drug resistance of Eco. It is necessary to strengthen its clinical management and to raise the level of drug use.
RESUMO
Objective:To investigate the factors influencing the dissolution of metronidazole tablet. Methods:CMS-Na and magnesium stearate were added with five different ratios before tabletting, respectively, mixed equally and tabletted, then the dissolution was determined; the softmaterials were made with 87℃ and 50℃ of starch as adhesion agent, and respectively, tabletting, then the dissolution was determined; tablets were experessed with the grains of different magnitude and different hardness, then the dissolution were determined same group of grains were expressed into three tablets, of which diameters were 8, 9, 10 mm respectively. Results:CMS-Na could obviously increase the dissolution of metronidazole tablet; when the temperature of starch were 87℃ and 50℃, the dissolution of metronidazole tablet were 94.55±1.67(n＝5)and 84.32±2.60(n＝5), respectively; when the grain is big, hardness is strong, the dissolution was declined when the grains were big magnitude and strong hardness, on the contrary, the dissolution was higher; the accumulated dissolution of three diameter of 8, 9, 10 mm were 98.85%, 99.64%, 99.51% respectively. Conclusion:the disintegrant had larger effect on the dissolution within 30 minutes of metronidazole tablet; the grain's magnitude and hardness and the temperature of starch had also produced and effect on the dissolution of metronidazole tablet; the magnitude of tablet's diameter had only little effect on the dissolution of metronidazole tablet.