RESUMO
Background: Learning styles are different ways of collecting information. Every individual has a different learning style which can be measured by using different inventories
Objective: To determine the learning styles of the third year medical students in Sheikh Zayed Medical College Rahim Yar Khan and to find association of learning styles with the demographic characteristics
Material and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Sheikh Zayed Medical College Rahim Yar Khan during May 2013 and target population was 3[rd] year medical students including all the medical students of third year MBBS to analyse learning styles. The instrument used was the "Kolb Learning Style Inventory" which divides the individuals in to four different types of learning styles. The results were tabulated and were analysed by using SPSS version 17
Results: Analysis of learning styles inventory showed that among third year medical students, the dominant learning style was convergent learning style as 42 out of 122 [34.4%] students' opted for it. The second, third and fourth preferred learning styles were accommodative 33 [27%], assimilative 25[20.5%] and divergent 24[19.7%] respectively
Conclusion: The dominant learning style was convergent among 3[rd] year medical students and there was significant association of learning styles with demographic characteristics
RESUMO
To explore prognostic factors for locoregional failures among women treated for invasive breast cancer by surgery and adjuvant therapies. Design: Descriptive study. Place and Duration: The study was conducted at the Surgical Department, Bahawal Victoria Hospital [BVH], Bahawalpur with mutual cooperation of Bahawalpur Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology [BIND] over a period of five years. Patients And The study consisted of 120 women who were treated with a modified radical mastectomy [85 at BVH and 35 at various district and private hospitals] and enrolled for an adjuvant therapy. A total of 25 patients of breast cancer with node negative disease received either no adjuvant therapy or a single cycle of perioperative chemotherapy, and 95 women with node positive disease received adjuvant chemotherapy of at least 5 months duration and/or tamoxifen for at least one year. Mean follow up was 4.2 years. In women with node negative disease factors associated with increased risk of locoregional failure were vascular invasion [VI] and tumor size greater than 5 cm for premenopausal and VI for postmenopausal patients. Of the 25 patients, 6 [24%] met criteria for the high risk groups. For the node positive group of patients number of nodes and tumor grade were factors for both menopausal groups, with additional prediction provided by VI for premenopausal and tumor size for postmenopausal patients. Of the 95 patients, 34 [35.8%] met criteria for the high risk groups. Locoregional recurrence is a significant problem after mastectomy alone even for some patients with node negative breast cancer, as well as after mastectomy and adjuvant treatment for some subgroups of patients with node positive disease. In addition to number of positive lymph nodes, predictors of locoregional failures include tumor related factors, such as microscopic vascular invasion, higher grade and larger size