Apical Debris Extrusion by Novel Endostar E5 Compared to Other Commercial Rotary Files: An in Vitro Study

Objective: To compare the amount of apical debris extrusion in samples instrumented by EndoStar E5, ProTaper Universal, and M-two rotary files. Material and Methods: Forty-five freshly extracted non-carious mandibular premolar teeth with single roots and single canals were acquired, and randomly divided into 3 groups (n=15). Samples in Groups 1, 2, and 3 were instrumented using EndoStar E5 (EE5), ProTaper Universal (PTU), and M-two (MTO) rotary file, respectively. Following instrumentation, the debris extruded was collected in pre-weighed Eppendorf tubes and stored in an incubator at 70°C for 5 days. Tubes containing the dry extruded debris were then weighed. One-way analysis of variance was applied to the weights obtained followed by Tukey's post hoc test for multiple comparison. Results: The mean debris extruded (mg) for the 3 groups were 1.23 (±0.72), 2.16 (±0.66), and 1.39 (±0.86) for EE5, PTU, and MTO respectively. Samples instrumented with PTU were associated with significantly higher debris extrusion (p<0.01) compared to EE5 and MTO. The groups EE5 and MTO did not differ in the amounts of debris extrusion (p>0.05). Conclusion: The novel EE5 and M-two rotary files result in less debris extrusion compared to PTU in mandibular premolars.

Paediatric Dentist: The Difference Maker for Children Suffering from Speech and Language Delay

Child's overall development and cognitive ability depend on the speech and language development. A speech and language delay is usually associated with increased difficulty with reading, writing, attention and socialisation. The knowledge of delay in the speech and language development may help in intervention and assistance to the child at a young age, when the chances of improving the developments are more acceptable. This includes a variety of tests for the child, which needs to be integrated with the routine clinical practice to improve and help the child to overcome the developmental delay of language and speech. The paediatric dentist can play a vital role in this development by his/her skill all of which is aimed to the well-being of the child. This review highlights on the treatment integrations of paediatric dentists, which can help the child suffering from speech and language delay.