Advance on detection method and application based on bioluminescence of luciferase / 中国药科大学学报

@#Bioluminescence is a widespread phenomenon in nature, and luminescent organisms can be found both on land and in the ocean. Among them, luciferase based bioluminescence systems have been widely studied, inspiring the exploration of genetic and epigenetic aspects and the development of a series of related assays for in vivo and in vitro studies. This paper summarizes the recent developments of luciferase based bioluminescence assays in terms of bioluminescence systems, types of luciferases, and the development and application of luciferase bioluminescence assays.

Cloning, identification and functional analysis of the goat transcription factor c-fos / 生物工程学报

C-fos is a transcription factor that plays an important role in cell proliferation, differentiation and tumor formation. The aim of this study was to clone the goat c-fos gene, clarify its biological characteristics, and further reveal its regulatory role in the differentiation of goat subcutaneous adipocytes. We cloned the c-fos gene from subcutaneous adipose tissue of Jianzhou big-eared goats by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and analyzed its biological characteristics. Using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), we detected the expression of c-fos gene in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, subcutaneous fat, longissimus dorsi and subcutaneous adipocytes of goat upon induced differentiation for 0 h to 120 h. The goat overexpression vector pEGFP-c-fos was constructed and transfected into the subcutaneous preadipocytes for induced differentiation. The morphological changes of lipid droplet accumulation were observed by oil red O staining and bodipy staining. Furthermore, qPCR was used to test the relative mRNA level of the c-fos overexpression on adipogenic differentiation marker genes. The results showed that the cloned goat c-fos gene was 1 477 bp in length, in which the coding sequence was 1 143 bp, encoding a protein of 380 amino acids. Protein structure analysis showed that goat FOS protein has a basic leucine zipper structure, and subcellular localization prediction suggested that it was mainly distributed in the nucleus. The relative expression level of c-fos was higher in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of goats (P < 0.05), and the expression level of c-fos was significantly increased upon induced differentiation of subcutaneous preadipocyte for 48 h (P < 0.01). Overexpression of c-fos significantly inhibited the lipid droplets formation in goat subcutaneous adipocytes, significantly decreased the relative expression levels of the AP2 and C/EBPβ lipogenic marker genes (P < 0.01). Moreover, AP2 and C/EBPβ promoter are predicted to have multiple binding sites. In conclusion, the results indicated that c-fos gene was a negative regulatory factor of subcutaneous adipocyte differentiation in goats, and it might regulate the expression of AP2 and C/EBPβ gene expression.

Gene cloning and sequence analysis of the RPL29 gene and its effect on lipogenesis in goat intramuscular adipocytes / 生物工程学报

The aim of this study was to clone the goat RPL29 gene and analyze its effect on lipogenesis in intramuscular adipocytes. Using Jianzhou big-eared goats as the object, the goat RPL29 gene was cloned by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the gene structure and expressed protein sequence were analyzed by bioinformatics, and the mRNA expression levels of RPL29 in various tissues and different differentiation stages of intramuscular adipocytes of goats were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The RPL29 overexpression vector pEGFP-N1-RPL29 constructed by gene recombination was used to transfect into goat intramuscular preadipocytes and induce differentiation. Subsequently, the effect of overexpression of RPL29 on fat droplet accumulation was revealed morphologically by oil red O and Bodipy staining, and changes in the expression levels of genes related to lipid metabolism were detected by qRT-PCR. The results showed that the length of the goat RPL29 was 507 bp, including a coding sequence (CDS) region of 471 bp which encodes 156 amino acid residues. It is a positively charged and stable hydrophilic protein mainly distributed in the nucleus of cells. Tissue expression profiling showed that the expression level of this gene was much higher in subcutaneous adipose tissue and inter-abdominal adipose tissue of goats than in other tissues (P < 0.05). The temporal expression profile showed that the gene was expressed at the highest level at 84 h of differentiation in goat intramuscular adipocytes, which was highly significantly higher than that in the undifferentiated period (P < 0.01). Overexpression of RPL29 promoted lipid accumulation in intramuscular adipocytes, and the optical density values of oil red O staining were significantly increased (P < 0.05). In addition, overexpression of RPL29 was followed by a highly significant increase in ATGL and ACC gene expression (P < 0.01) and a significant increase in FASN gene expression (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the goat RPL29 may promote intra-muscular adipocyte deposition in goats by up-regulating FASN, ACC and ATGL.

Intestinal and lung inflammatory group 2 innate lymphoid cells (iILC2s) and their related cytokines in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 细胞与分子免疫学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between intestinal inflammatory group 2 innate lymphoid cells (iILC2s) and lung ILC2s and its inflammatory response in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Mouse COPD model was established by smoking method. The mice were randomly divided into normal group and COPD group. HE staining was used to detect the pathological changes in lung and intestine tissues of mice in normal group and COPD group, and the contents of natural ILC2s(nILC2s) and iILC2s cells were measured by flow cytometry. Wright-Giemsa staining was used to measure the number of immune cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of mice in normal group and COPD group, and the concentration of IL-13 and IL-4 was detected by ELISA. Results In COPD mice, epithelial cells of the lung and intestinal tissues exhibited pathological hyperplasia, partial atrophy or deletion, inflammatory cell infiltration, increased pathological score and significantly increased neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes in BALF. Lung iILC2s, intestinal nILC2s and iILC2s were increased significantly in the COPD group. The contents of IL-13 and IL-4 in BALF were significantly increased. Conclusion The increase of iILC2s and their related cytokines in COPD lung may be related to intestinal inflammatory ILC2s.

Imaging Characteristics of Primary Cardiac Angiosarcoma / 罕见病研究

Primary cardiac angiosarcoma is a type of soft tissue sarcoma originating in vascular endothelial cells, without obvious gender differences in the incidence rate and specific early clinical manifestations, whilstpericardial effusion often found at the first presentation of most patients. Tumors are mostly located in the right atrium and pericardium. Echocardiography is the preferred examination method for diagnosing cardiac angiosarcoma and multimodal imaging is important in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of benign and malignant cardiac mass. This article retrospectively analyzes the 25 cases of clinical manifestations and imaging features of primary cardiac angiosarcoma.

Effects of intravenous thrombolytic therapy on post-stroke depression in patients with acute ischemic stroke / 国际脑血管病杂志

As the most effective treatment for acute ischemic stroke, intravenous thrombolysis can not only improve the outcome of patients, but also affect post-stroke depression (PSD) through direct or indirect mechanisms. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to explore the effect of intravenous thrombolysis on PSD. This article reviews the characteristics of PSD, the possible impact and mechanisms of intravenous thrombolysis on PSD, and the prevention and treatment of PSD.

Research progress on pelvic insufficiency fracture (PIF) caused by radiotherapy and chemotherapy of cervical cancer / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Pelvic insufficiency fracture (PIF) is a late complication which is not fully understood after radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cervical cancer and is easily misdiagnosed as bone metastasis. Previous clinical trials focused on the incidence, time and location of PIF, while the analysis of potential risk factors mainly emphasized the clinical characteristics of patients. There were few studies analyzing the correlation between treatment factors and the incidence. The damage of pelvis bone, especially the sacrum, after radiotherapy is mainly related to irradiation mode and dose. In this article, the radiotherapy technology, the formulation of bone-conserving radiotherapy plan, the dose-volume parameters of external irradiation and intracavitary brachytherapy, and the correlation between chemotherapy and this disease were reviewed. In the future, according to the advantages of precision radiotherapy technology, it is necessary to optimize the bone preservation plan, reduce the irradiation range and dose of sacrum and pelvis, and then reduce the incidence of PIF, which needs further clinical trials and practice to verify.

Discussions on risk-based quality management of investigator initiated trials / 中华医院管理杂志

Effective supervision of the clinical research management department can guarantee and improve the quality of the investigator initiated trials(IIT). The authors analyzed relevant clinical research regulations and literature and summarized the current situation of risk-based IIT project process quality management. On such basis, they determined the risk-based IIT project process quality management method in combination with the previous research of the research group.From 2021 to 2022, this method was used to implement process quality management for 353 IIT projects in Shanghai′s tertiary hospitals. More than 3 000 risk points were identified through centralized supervision, and then on-site supervision was carried out to correct the problems found. As proven by the results, the method could find existing problems in time and define the risk level of the project, and also formulate an individualized risk supervision plan accordingly, so as to effectively ensure the data reliability and scientific results. It is suggested that the clinical research management department implement risk based management for the whole process of IIT projects, increase funding and staffing, and implement hierarchical management for the projects by research types, so as to promote the sustainable development of IITs.

A retrospective analysis of 8 005 cases of prenatal genetic diagnosis of thalassemia using PCR-flow fluorescence hybridization / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of PCR-flow Fluorescence Hybridization technology in prenatal genetic diagnosis of thalassemia.Methods:8 005 cases of prenatal genetic diagnosis of thalassemia in Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from September 2017 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. All samples were diagnosed by traditional genetic methods include multiple Gap-PCR, PCR-RDB, MLPA and Sanger sequencing. Meanwhile, PCR-flow Fluorescence Hybridization technology was used as a verification platform for detecting common mutation sites of thalassemia. The results were analyzed to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of PCR-flow Fluorescence Hybridization technology compared with traditional methods in prenatal genetic diagnosis of thalassemia.Results:By traditional methods, 1 939 cases (24.22%, 1 939/8 005) were normal and 6 066 cases (75.78%, 6 066/8 005) were diagnosed as thalassemia, including 4 513 cases of α-thalassemia, 1 475 cases of β-thalassemia, and 78 cases of αβ-thalassemia. By PCR-flow Fluorescence Hybridization technology, 7 845 samples were successfully diagnosed after initial interpretation by software. Compared with traditional methods, all the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 100%. The other 160 samples which failed in the initial interpretation can be successfully interpreted after review or manual interpretation.Conclusion:There were no differences between the two methods on the detecting of common mutation sites of thalassemia.

Information support practice for anti-COVID-19 consortium composed of multi-medical institutions’ staff / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

In the emergency of the outbreak of COVID-19 in December 2019, Shaanxi Provincial Health Committee mobilized several medical teams from major hospitals in the province, and, by relying on Xi’an Chest Hospital, jointly established an anti COVID-19 consortium to control and eradicate the epidemic in a short time. Information support is an important guarantee for winning this battle. In order to realize the efficient cooperation among multiple medical teams, we have carried out some exploratory and innovative information support services on the basis of the original information system of the chest hospital. In this process, we have gone through some detours. Some compromises were made on some problems that could not be solved in the short term. Finally, in an environment full of uncertainty, a set of information support management system with basically smooth operation was built through rapid trial and error adjustment. The system mainly includes the following aspects: support of the organizational structure and operation process of the anti-epidemic consortium, support for medical collaboration related businesses of multiple medical teams, and support for statistical reports and online meetings. Information support has played a very important role in this action, and this practice has also accumulated experience for us to deal with similar situations in the future.

Comparison of clinical features of Omicron and Delta cases / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To compare the clinical features of Omicron and Delta cases, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. 【Methods】 The case-control study method was used to retrospectively analyze the clinical data of the Omicron cases admitted to the designated hospital for the treatment of COVID-19 in Xi’an from December 2021 to January 2022. and the Delta cases admitted during the same period were used as the control group. The demographic data, epidemiological history, vaccination status, clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, nucleic acid and antibody levels, and outcomes of patients in the two groups were collected and compared. 【Results】 A total of 21 patients were included in the study, 5 were Omicron patients and 16 were Delta cases. The mean age of the patients in the two groups were (38.20±15.07) and (37.69±10.39) years, respectively.The time interval between the last vaccination and the diagnosis was (145.40±77.92) days and (159.00±99.74) days, respectively. For the initial symptoms, the patients with Omicron were mainly characterized by throat discomfort (3, 60%), cough and sputum (2, 40%), and the patients with Delta were mainly characterized by throat discomfort (5, 31.25%), fatigue (5, 31.25%), cough and sputum (4, 25%). On admission, laboratory tests showed that 60% of Omicron patients had low lymphocytes and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and 50% of patients in the delta group had elevated hemoglobin. The Ct values of ORFlab gene, N gene and E gene with Omicron were lower than those with Delta. And the difference of E gene between the two groups was statistically significant (t=-2.711, P=0.024). IgG antibody levels increased in both groups.The time for nucleic acid to turn negative with Omicron was (28.20±5.89) days, and it was (18.50±7.73) days with Delta, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (t=2.565, P=0.019). The length of hospitalization with Omicron was (30.60±4.88) days, and that with Delta was (22.13±7.81) days, and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.270, P=0.035). 【Conclusions】 The initial symptoms of Omicron patients are mainly throat discomfort, cough and sputum. The clinical manifestations are generally mild. The nucleic acid test Ct value is lower. The time for nucleic acid to turn negative and the time for hospitalization are longer, and the potential infectiousness is stronger. Those eligible for vaccination should complete the full course of vaccination and booster vaccination as soon as possible. At the same time, the management of "early detection, early reporting, early isolation, and early treatment" should be implemented.

Effect of psychological support during perithrombotic period on post-stroke depression in patients with acute ischemic stroke / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of psychological support during perithrombotic period on post-stroke depression (PSD) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods:Patients with AIS received intravenous thrombolysis in the Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 1, 2021 to July 31, 2021 were enrolled prospectively. The intervention group received one-to-one individual psychological support therapy in the perithrombolytic period on the basis of receiving standard intravenous thrombolytic therapy. At 30 d after onset, Hamilton Depression Scale was used to assess whether PSD occurred. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the independent influencing factor of PSD. Results:A total of 126 patients with AIS were enrolled, and 86 of them were male (68.25%). Their age was 63.65±10.46 years; 65 were in the intervention group and 61 were in the control group. The incidence of PSD in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group (20.00% vs. 36.07%; χ2=4.049, P=0.044). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that psychological intervention (odds ratio [ OR] 0.333, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 0.132-0.838; P=0.020] was an independent protective factor for PSD, while ischemic heart disease ( OR 4.510, 95% CI 1.181-17.217; P=0.028), alcohol consumption ( OR 3.421, 95% CI 1.317-8.888; P=0.012), anticoagulation therapy ( OR 3.145, 95% CI 1.155-8.567; P=0.025) and modified Rankin Scale score before thrombolysis ( OR 1.627, 95% CI 1.142-2.317; P=0.007) were the independent risk factors for PSD. Conclusion:Perithrombolytic psychological support may reduce the incidence of PSD.

Research progress of early optimal metabolic therapy for diabetic retinopathy / 中华眼底病杂志

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the main cause of severe visual impairment in diabetic patients. Most of the existing treatments are aimed at patients with intermediate and advanced stages of vision impairment, and are invasive treatments with limited effects. Therefore, it is urgent for non-invasive new therapies and new targets to prevent the risk of DR or delay the progress of DR. Early optimization of metabolic therapies, which are strict control of blood glucose, blood pressure and blood lipid in the early stage of diabetes, may prevent or improve potential and reversible microangiopathy, however, there is still a lack of comprehensive and effective drug targeted therapy and unified clinical application standards. Therefore, this study summarizes the application of new hypoglycemic drugs and some antihypertensive and lipid-lowering drugs in the prevention and treatment of DR in recent years, in order to provide some reference for the clinical early prevention and treatment of this disease.

Screening of IGF-1, NOS, FGF23 and Sclerost-Targeted Mechanoresponsive MicroRNAs / 医用生物力学

Objective To screen the secretory factor-related, mechanoresponsive microRNAs (miRNA) of osteocytes. Methods Cyclic mechanical tensile strain (ε=2.5,f=0.5 Hz) was applied to osteocytes and osteoblasts cultured in vitro respectively, and the differentially expressed miRNAs only in the osteocytes were screened out by using miRNA chip. Through bioinformatics technology, in these differentially expressed miRNAs, the target genes of secretory factors including insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1), nitric oxide synthesase (NOS), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and sclerostin (SOST) were further screened out. Then the selected miRNAs were compared with the biochip detected, differentially expressed miRNAs in femur bone of the mice which were trained on treadmill, and four of these miRNAs were randomly selected for quantitative PCR verification. Results For the 77 differentially expressed miRNAs only in the mechanically strained osteocytes in vitro, 22 miRNAs whose target genes were the 4 secreted factors (IGF-1, NOS, FGF23 and SOST), were screened out. Moreover, a total of 11 miRNAs in the 22 miRNAs were differentially expressed in femur bone of the treadmill trained mice with the same trend as those in osteocytes in vitro, and the randomly selected miR-361-3p, miR-3082-5p, miR-6348 and miR-706 were confirmed to be differentially expressed with the same trend in femur bone and osteocytes. Conclusions These mechanoresponsive miRNAs differentially expressed only in osteocytes, such as miR-361-3p, miR-3082-5p, miR-6348 and miR-706, probably influence osteoblastic differentiation or bone metabolism through regulating the secretory factors.

The role of thromboelastography in diagnosis and treatment of PICC related venous thrombosis in tumor patients / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the role of thromboelastography (TEG) in the diagnosis and treatment of PICC related venous thrombosis in tumor patients, and provide basis for predicting PIC related venous thrombosis. 【Methods】 148 tumor patients who underwent PICC catheterization in our hospital from January to July 2019 were enrolled. The patients were subjected to TEG examination and ultrasound examination of limb blood vessels on catheterization side regularly one day before catheterization and 4 successive weeks after catheterization(once a week), respectively. The patients with venous thrombosis were subjected to TEG examination and vascular ultrasound regularly for 3 successive weeks(once a week) after anticoagulant therapy. The relationship between the occurrence and time of venous thrombosis and the changes of TEG parameters was analyzed. 【Results】 The pre-/post-catheterization TEG parameter of 81 patients without venous thrombosis indicated that coagulation state was normal (R value F=0.198, K value F=0.047, α value F=0.442, MAvalue F=0.079, CIvalue F=0.026, P>0.05). The TEG parameter of 67 patients, who developed asymptomatic venous thrombosis 1 to 3 weeks after catheterization(38 cases in 1 week, 16 in 2 weeks and 13 in 3 weeks), indicated the blood was hypercoagulable and the TEG parameter was statistically different from the pre-catheterization value(P0.05). 【Conclusion】 TEG can reflect the status of PICC related venous thrombosis in tumor patients.Strengthening TEG monitor in tumor patients 1 to 3 weeks after PICC catheterization is conducive to early detection, diagnosis and treatment for PICCrelated thrombosis, thus reducing the harm of venous thrombosis to patients.

Application of 192Ir brachytherapy in locally recurrent non-small cell lung cancer / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and adverse events of 192Ir high-dose rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) in the treatment of locally recurrent non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods:Clinical data of 22 cases of recurrent NSCLC after radiotherapy admitted to our hospital from September 2013 to March 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. 192Ir HDR-BT was adopted for reradiotherapy. The prescription dose was 30Gy for 1 fraction. CT scan was reviewed every 1 month in the first 3 months after treatment and every 3 months after 3 months. Local control rate and adverse events were evaluated. The 1-and 2-year overall survival (OS) rates of re-treatment after relapse were calculated. Results:All the 22 patients completed the treatment successfully. The 1-, 3-and 6-month complete response (CR) rates were 9%, 14% and 14%, 82%, 82% and 82% for the partial response (PR) rates, 5%, 0% and 0% for the stable disease (SD) rates, 5%, 5% and 5% for the progressive disease (PD) rates, 91%, 96% and 96% for the objective response rates (ORR), respectively. The 1-and 2-year OS rates of re-treatment after relapse were 59% and 27%. Five patients (23%) experienced acute radiation-induced pneumonitis (3 cases of grade 1 and 2 cases of grade Ⅱ), 4 cases (18%) of radiation-induced bone marrow suppression (3 cases of grade I leukopenia and 1 case of grade I thrombocytopenia) and 1 case of postoperative pneumothorax. All these adverse events were mitigated after symptomatic treatment.Conclusion:192Ir HDR-BT is an efficacious and safe treatment of locally recurrent NSCLC.

Effects of resveratrol on expression of inflammatory cytokines and related genes in benzo (a) pyrene-induced human sebocytes / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of resveratrol on the expression of inflammatory cytokines and related genes in human SZ95 sebocytes induced by benzo (a) pyrene.Methods:Human SZ95 sebocytes were cultured in vitro, and divided into 4 groups: control group treated with 1‰ dimethyl sulfoxide for 27 hours, resveratrol group treated with 1 × 10 -5 mol/L resveratrol for 24 hours, benzo (a) pyrene group treated with 1 × 10 -5 mol/L benzo (a) pyrene for 3 hours, resveratrol+benzo (a) pyrene group treated with 1 × 10 -5 mol/L resveratrol for 24 hours followed by 1 × 10 -5 mol/L benzo (a) pyrene for 3 hours. Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR was performed to determine the mRNA expression of interleukin (IL) -1α, IL-6, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) , cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) and cytochrome P4501B1 (CYP1B1) in SZ95 sebocytes in the above groups; Western blot analysis was conducted to determine the phosphorylation level of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK, expressed as the ratio of phosphorylated to total p38 MAPK) and AhR protein expression; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to detect levels of IL-1α and IL-6 in the cell culture supernatant in each group. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of means among multiple groups, and least significant difference- t test was used for multiple comparisons. Results:The mRNA and protein expression of IL-1α in SZ95 sebocytes significantly differed among the control group, resveratrol group, benzo (a) pyrene group and resveratrol+benzo (a) pyrene group (mRNA: 2.045 ± 0.272, 2.058 ± 0.154, 3.124 ± 0.094, 2.185 ± 0.337, protein: 9.132 ± 1.181, 9.429 ± 0.771, 20.361 ± 0.907, 9.917 ± 0.897, F=14.662, 101.705, P < 0.01, < 0.001, respectively) , and were significantly lower in the resveratrol+benzo (a) pyrene group than in the benzo (a) pyrene group (both P < 0.01) . In addition, the phosphorylation level of p38 was significantly higher in the benzo (a) pyrene group than in the control group, resveratrol group and resveratrol+benzo (a) pyrene group ( F=303.129, P < 0.000 1) . The mRNA expression of AhR, CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 was significantly lower in the resveratrol+benzo (a) pyrene group than in the benzo (a) pyrene group ( t=10.64, 33.599, 18.327, respectively, all P < 0.001) . The benzo (a) pyrene group showed significantly decreased protein expression of AhR compared with the resveratrol+benzo (a) pyrene group ( P < 0.001) . Conclusion:Resveratrol can inhibit the environmental pollutant benzo (a) pyrene-induced expression of inflammatory factor IL-1α in SZ95 sebocytes, which is likely mediated by the AhR and p38MAPK pathways.

The progress on the role of miR-126 in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy / 中华眼底病杂志

Microvascular dysfunction is a key pathological mechanism of diabetic retinopathy (DR). In recent years, it has been found that the phenomenon of "metabolic memory" is prevalent in diabetic patients, and diabetic microangiopaplasia cannot be avoided even if patients' blood glucose is well controlled. Therefore, it is necessary to explore DR from a genetic perspective. miR-126 is the unique microRNA specifically expressed in vascular endothelial cells, which is closely related to the formation of neovascularization and can affect the stability of DR microvessels as well as the germination and migration of endothelial cells, and its gene level is significantly negatively correlated with the expression of vascular endothelial cell growth factor. The potential value of intracellular and circulating miR-126 in the regulation of DR microvascular homeostasis, early diagnosis and treatment, and monitoring of disease course has attracted great attention. However, studies in this area are mostly hypothesis-driven and still have some limitations. It is believed that with the rapid development of genomics, the miRNA spectrum and its molecular mechanism in eye development and eye diseases will gradually become clear, which may lead to a breakthrough in the intervention of individual refractory retinal diseases and establish a new miRNA diagnosis and treatment method in the future.

Risk assessment of investigator initiated trials at the proposal stage / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To assess possible risk factors and their respective levels in the whole process of investigator initiated trial(IIT)projects proposed in the proposal stage, for reference in formulation of risk management plans.Methods:Through literature analysis and research group discussions, the risk factors of IIT projects and risk level assessment criteria were preliminarily identified, and a consultation questionnaire was developed as a result. Delphi method was used to further optimize the risk factors and determine their risk levels. Data obtained from the consulfation were analysied by descriptive.Results:The recovery rates of two rounds of expert consultation were both 100%, and the degree of expert authority was 0.942. The survey finalized 38 risk factors, including extremely high risk, high risk, medium risk, low risk and very low risk factors of 17(44.7%), 15(39.5%), 3(7.9%), 2(5.3%) and 1(2.6%) respectively.Conclusions:This study determined a risk evaluation system of IIT projects in the proposal stage. This system can identify risks of IIT projects at an early stage, facilitating early intervention of problems existing in such projects, and minimize risks to the rights and safety of patients.

The role of the rapid prevention and control system of special infection in hospitals in prevention and control of COVID-19 / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

The new type of coronavirus pneumonia referred to as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), became pandemic globally, causing tens of millions of infections. The establishment of a sound prevention and control system is particularly important for disease prevention and control. In the process of admission and treatment of COVID-19 patients, we have established an effective rapid prevention and control system for special infections in the hospital. Through the establishment of a hospital-level emergency response and first aid training system, the closed-loop communication between hospitals, departments and medical care is quick to respond. We categorize treatment according to patients’ condition, provide rapid feedback and return, implement the specific responsibility system for special personnel, improve the rapid prevention and control system for special infections, and apply it to the prevention and control of the epidemic of COVID-19 patients in the region, and achieve the effectiveness of the anti-epidemic through comprehensive management measures. The control has achieved zero infection among medical staff and within the hospital, ensuring that the hospital can quickly resume daily work at the end of the epidemic, and has certain promotion and demonstration value.