RESUMO
Cada vez resulta más frecuente que los niños realicen viajes a sitios muy diferentes de su lugar de residencia. Independientemente de cuál sea su motivo, implica una exposición a un medioambiente con características propias que deben ser tenidas en cuenta. De igual manera, el traslado en sí mismo puede generar ansiedad en la familia y presenta sus propios riesgos. Es frecuente que los padres realicen una consulta con un profesional, habitualmente su pediatra de cabecera, durante la planificación de un viaje. El objetivo del presente trabajo es revisar las recomendaciones para el asesoramiento previo. Inicialmente, se abordarán recomendaciones generales en la preparación del viaje y luego la prevención de enfermedades transmitidas por insectos.
The number of children who travel outside their home countries has increased dramatically. Whatever the reason for it, it involves exposure to an environment with characteristics that must be taken into account. Similarly, the transfer itself can generate anxiety in the family and presents the risk of vehicle-related injuries (which is the leading cause of death in children who travel). Parents will often seek for pre-travel advice. The aim of this paper is to review the recommendations to assess a family who is planning to travel with children. Initially, general recommendations will be addressed in the preparation of the trip and afterwards insect-borne diseases prevention.
Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Viagem , Saúde da Criança , Mordeduras e Picadas de Insetos/prevenção & controleRESUMO
Los movimientos poblacionales y de viajeros a áreas endémicas de paludismo, su diseminación y la aparición de cepas resistentes han llevado al resurgimiento de esta enfermedad como problema global de la salud. Se estiman 660 000 muertes por año por el paludismo, cuya población más vulnerable son los niños menores de 5 años y las embarazadas. El conocimiento de la enfermedad y las medidas generales para la prevención de las picaduras de insectos son las medidas básicas y fundamentales para la prevención. La utilización de quimioprofilaxis antipalúdica complementa el resto de las medidas y debe ser evaluada sobre la base del riesgo-beneficio de cada situación en particular
The development and spread of drug resistant malaria parasites, population and travelers movements to malaria zones have led to the resurgence of malaria as a global health problem. Estimates suggest that 660,000 deaths occur annually, mainly in infants, children and pregnant woman. Disease knowledge and protection against mosquito bites are the first line of defense against malaria. Malaria chemoprophylaxis adds to these measures, it must be evaluated based on the individual risk.
Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Viagem , Malária/prevenção & controle , QuimioprevençãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify the clinical, radiological, and bacteriological features, risk factors, and outcome of neonates with bone and joint infections. STUDY DESIGN: Observational, retrospective, and analytical study of 77 patients less than 2 months of age, admitted to a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with the diagnosis of bone or joint infection, based on clinical, radiological, and microbiological criteria. RESULTS: Seventy-seven patients with 99 acute osteoarthritis foci in a 16 year period were included in the study. Risk factors for infection could be identified in 69 percent of the patients. The hip was the most frequent. Staphylococcus aureus was the main isolated microorganism. Twenty-nine infants (38 percent) had sequelae. Hip involvement, culture positive, and Staphylococcus aureus isolation were risk factors associated with sequelae. CONCLUSION: Osteoarticular infection is unusual in the neonate; however it is associated with an elevated incidence of sequelae. This mandates for a high degree of suspicion to diagnose this potentially disabling entity.