RESUMO
ABSTRACT Despite its small territory Ecuador hosts a remarkable biological diversity. Paradoxically, its prominent insect richness has been poorly studied and is usually underestimated in biodiversity inventories. Ants are a major component of such richness. With the aim of promoting myrmecological research, we present 20 new ant records for the country belonging to nine genera and six subfamilies. The species Tapinoma ramulorum inrectum Forel is recorded for the first time in South America. We provide brief taxonomic diagnoses and general comments for all species. Our results expand on the records of Formicidae species previously informed for Ecuador and stress the importance of scientific reference collections as biodiversity repositories.