Building self-esteem by prosthetic rehabilitation in a child with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, role of pediatric dentist: A case report

Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a congenital disorder exhibiting multiple disorders that affect ectodermal tissues. Over 150 different presentations of the syndrome have been reported, of which the most commonly encountered are hidrotic and hypohidrotic variants. In the present paper, we report the case of an 8-year-old male who was diagnosed with hypohidrotic ED by a physician. The extraoral and intraoral findings were recorded and found in accordance with the diagnosed variant. A comprehensive therapy was initiated which included child and parent counseling, familiarizing the child with dental setup, and delivery of a removable partial denture for the upper arch and a removable complete denture for the lower arch. The importance of follow-up and newer dentures as per the growth of the patient was also explained to the parents. The article highlights the key role of a pediatric dentist in managing the child and parents in syndromes as such

Comparison of parental satisfaction with strip crowns and primary anterior zirconia crowns in 3–5 years old children over 1 year

Background: During the past decade, parental involvement for the selection of full coronal restorations for the primary anterior teeth of their children has been increased. Two most common anterior aesthetic full coronal restorations, the strip crowns and the preformed zirconia crowns, are available options. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare parental satisfaction with strip crowns and preformed primary anterior zirconia crowns over 1 year in 3–5 years old children. Materials and Methods: Forty maxillary primary incisors were restored by either strip crown or zirconia crown in 24 children. Permuted block randomization method was used for the allocation of participants. Twenty-four parents participated were recalled to fill the questionnaire over 1 year. One parent dropped out at the end of 1 year. Data were analyzed using the t-test and Chi-square test. P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Parents were satisfied with both types of restorations. Statistically significant relationship was found between overall satisfaction and durability (P = 0.004) with strip crowns and with the color (P = 0.043) in the zirconia crowns. The parents with the lower satisfaction levels with the durability of strip crowns and color of zirconia crowns rated high overall satisfaction. Conclusion: Parental overall satisfaction was higher for preformed primary anterior zirconia crowns than strip crowns. Almost equal number of parents was satisfied with all other parameters except for durability, which was more for zirconia crowns.

Oral health status and microbial load of Streptococcus mutans in children with Cerebral palsy in a tertiary care hospital in Delhi

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a childhood debilitating condition which impairs the physical and mental ability of an individual to maintain oral health. Aim: The objective of the present study was assessment of dental neglect and burden of treatment needs of children affected with CP as compared to normal children in a tertiary care hospital in Delhi. Settings and Design: A sample size of 104 children of age group of 6–14 years was selected, in which 52 children of CP (case group) and 52 normal school children (control group) were recruited. Materials and Methods: Children from both groups were examined, and calculation of drug master files (DMFS), defs, oral hygiene index (OHI), and gingival index was done. The presence of trauma and malocclusion was assessed. Present caries activity was assessed by the level of Streptococcus mutans present in saliva in both groups. Treatment needs were then assessed based on intraoral findings. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 software. Student's t-test and nonparametric statistical tests such as Chi-square test and Mann–Whitney test were used as per the nature of variables studied for statistical analysis with the level of significance denoted at P < 0.05. Results: The mean DMFS, gingival index, OHI, and treatment needs were observed to be higher in the CP group. Increased S. mutans levels were observed in saliva of CP patients. Defs score, trauma, and malocclusion were not statistically significantly higher in CP group as compared to the control group. Conclusion: Cerebral palsy group had a poor oral and gingival health, a higher DMFT and burden of treatment needs and an increased risk of further caries progression due to high caries activity indicated by increased level of salivary Streptococcus mutans than the control group.

Evaluation of oral health of 6 to 10-year-old asthmatic children receiving bronchodilator through inhaler

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral health status in 6 to 10-year-old asthmatic children receiving bronchodilator (salbutamol, salmeterol, etc.) through inhaler and compare them with nonasthmatic healthy children. Settings and Design: The present study was carried out at pediatric and pedodontic department and neighboring government school. It was an observational and case–control study. Statistical Analysis: All data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software program and presented as mean ± standard error of mean. Chi-square test was used for the categorical data between groups. Numerical data were analyzed by Mann–Whitney U-test and t-test. Kruskal–Wallis test was performed for comparisons of median value of decayed, missing, filled surface and Decayed, Missing, Filled Surface (dmfs and DMFS) for different variables within asthmatic group. Mann–Whitney U-test for multiple comparisons and P value was adjusted according to Bonferroni correction. Negative binomial analysis was used to calculate adjusted dmfs and DMFS, and univariate analysis of variance was used for adjusted mean plaque and gingival index. Materials and Methods: The study group composed of 70 asthmatic and 70 nonasthmatic children with the same age and social background aged between 6 and 10 years old. Oral health status was assessed using caries, plaque, and gingival index. Dental caries examination was done using the WHO criteria (1997), plaque index by Silness and Loe in 1964 and gingival health by Loe and Silness in 1963. Results: The children in the asthmatic group had significantly higher caries prevalence, severity of dental plaque, and gingivitis compared with the nonasthmatic group. Plaque accumulation and gingivitis increased significantly as severity and duration of asthma increased. Conclusions: Bronchial asthma had an overall deleterious effect on caries prevalence and severity, plaque, and gingivitis on primary and permanent teeth.

Dental Management Of A Patient With Down Syndrome: A Case Report And Review Of Literature

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal abnormality which affects numerous organs, including the orofacial region. Patients with DS may not be cooperative during dental treatment, and in cases of complex treatment, it is necessary to use oral or inhaled sedation and/or general anesthesia, which represents safe and efficient treatment resources. This article reports a management of DS in a 7-year-old male patient who came to the Hospital of New Delhi with the chief complaint of pain in lower right back tooth region. Due to the uncooperative nature of the patient, dental treatment was done under general anesthesia in which multiple dental restoration and extraction were done.