impact of hepatitis b infection on outcome of kidney transplantation: a long-term study

With the success of kidney transplantation, liver disease has emerged as an important cause of morbidity and mortality in kidney recipients. To determine the impact of hepatitis B virus [HBV] infection on patients and graft survival in both short- and long-terms. 99 renal transplant patients infected with HBV on follow-up in two major transplant centers were included in a retrospective study. These patients were grafted between 1986 and 2005 and divided into two groups: [1] those only positive for hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] and [2] those who were also positive for hepatitis C virus antibodies [HCV Ab]. There were 88 patients with HBsAg[+] and 11 with both HBsAg[+] and HCV Ab[+]. The mean +/- SD age of patients was 38.8 +/- 13.2 years, and the median follow-up after transplantation was 19 months. Although not significant, the allograft survival rate in the first group [HBV[+] was better compared to that in the second group [HBV[+] and HCV[+]; 1, 5 and 10 years graft survival rates were 91, 77 and 62 in the first group and 70, 56 and 28 in the second group, respectively [P=0.07]. The overall mortality was 5% [4 of 88] in the first and 27% [3 of 11] in the second group [P=0.02]. Renal allograft recipients with HBV and HCV infections has a poor survival rate compared to pa- tients with only HBV infection. However, there is no significant difference in terms of renal graft survival between the two groups

Association of diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemias in the Tehran population

The aim of this survey was to evaluate the role of diabetes in the lipid profiles of the Tehran population. Measurements were carried out on 10 136 people aged 20-69 years for blood sugar, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol and data were collected on medical history, physical activity, smoking and obesity. The prevalence of any type of dyslipidaemia in the whole group was 68.5% and of diabetes mellitus was 11.0% [10.6% in men and 11.3% in women]. The prevalence of dyslipidaemia in diabetics was 88.9%. There was strong association between diabetes mellitus and dyslipidaemia [P < 0.05]. In regression analysis, diabetes was the second most important factor after obesity in secondary dyslipidaemia

[Dyslipidemia and it's relation with smoking in Tehran]

Dyslipidemia and smoking are among the most important medical problems in human society. Their share in the mortality of coronary heart disease [CHD] has led to multiple investigations about them. This study was done to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and the effect of cigarette usage on it. This epidemiological cross-sectional study was carried out on 9632 persons selected randomly in Tehran urban with a minimum age of 20 years and over. We measured fasting blood sugar, blood sugar 2 hours after 75 grams oral glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol. Degree of physical activity was registered according to Lipid Research Clinics classification. Anthropometrics data, social condition, family history and smoking exactly delineated. Our patients were divided into: those having normal lipid profile and primary dyslipidemia [without any risk factor for dyslipidemia] and secondary dyslipidemia [having one or more risk factors such as diabetes mellitus]. ANOVA, t.test, and logistic were used to analyze the level of significance. Our population sample consisted of 5619 female and 4013 male. 68.5% of our cases had dyslipidemia. 65.8% of females and 72.3% of males had at least one type of dyslipidemia. There were 1085 smokers [11.4%] that 73.2% of them were dyslipidemic. With comparing smokers to nonsmokers shows that in smokers HDL.cholesterol, LDL.cholesterol and total cholesterol had decreased and triglyceride increased [p<0.05]. Tehran population suffers from dyslipidemia. Large number of secondary dyslipidemia and smoking highlighted the importance of education to overcome to these preventable and modifiable factors