RESUMO
Background: Oral mucous membrane is an integral part of the complex oral cavity which is associated with maintenance of oral as well as general body health. Oral mucosal lesion (OML) is one of the most prevalent diseases in India, which is caused by consumption of smokeless and smoked forms of tobacco. Aim: To assess the prevalence of OMLs and their association with pattern of tobacco use among patients visiting dental institution in Bhilai. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 872 participants who visited the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rungta College of Dental Science and Research, and fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and the study was carried out from July to September 2016. Self-designed proforma was used for recording demographic details, and WHO Assessment Form for Oral Mucosal Diseases was used to record the tobacco use status and findings of the clinical and laboratory investigation. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version 23, and the mean, frequency, and percentage were calculated. Results: Among the 872 participants, 69.26% were male and 30.74% were female. The mean age of the study population was 46.19 ± 12.33 years. The prevalence of tobacco use among study participants was 51.26% and that of the OML was 36.36%. Aphthous ulcer was the most prevalent OML followed by oral submucous fibrosis and leukoplakia. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the harmful effects of tobacco use toward oral mucous membrane and also serves as a path for future tobacco cessation programs that would be helpful to prevent OML.
RESUMO
Background: The oral health impact profile-14 (OHIP-14) scale developed originally in English has been translated from time to time in different languages revealing to be valid and reliable instruments. Aim: The present study was carried out with an aim to translate and validate Hindi Version of OHIP-14 instrument among geriatrics to measure the oral health-related quality of life. Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, which employed 400 individuals aged 60 years and above who were residents of Durg, Chhattisgarh India. Participants were selected through convenient sampling method. The English version of the OHIP-14 was translated into Hindi, pretested and subsequently administered to the participants by a trained interviewer. Each patient signed informed consent and responded to the Hindi version of the questionnaire. Result: Cronbach's alpha of the translated scale was 0.89–0.90 when words were deleted individually. Comparison of English and translated Hindi version of OHIP-14 by unpaired t-test showed no significant difference (P = 0.562). Pearson correlation coefficient test showed very strong positive correlation (0.892). Furthermore, a very strong positive correlation was observed between the recorded OHIP-14 scores and Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (DMFT) scores of examined geriatric individuals (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.952 and P = 0.001). Conclusion: The Hindi translation of the OHIP-14 is a valid and reliable instrument to measure the oral health-related quality of life in older adults of India.
RESUMO
Introduction: From ancient times, plants with medicinal values are being tested and used in the treatment of various infectious diseases. Aims and Objectives: The present in vitro study was designed to assess the antifungal activity of three commonly available medicinal plants Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ficus religiosa, and Plantago major on inhibiting oral Candida albicans in comparison to standard antifungal agents. Materials and Methods: Bark of G. glabra, stem of F. religiosa, and husk of P. major were collected, crushed into fine powder, and dissolved in 67% ethanol. Extracts were subjected to antifungal efficacy test against oral C. albicans (ATCC 66027) using Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Mean zone of inhibition (ZOI) was measured by HI antibiotic zone scale. One‑way ANOVA using Tukey’s post hoc and t‑test were applied for statistical analysis. Results: G. glabra was found to be most effective among the three with highest mean ZOI measuring 19.8 ± 0.83, 19.4 ± 0.54, and 18.2 ± 1.09 at 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Tukey’s post hoc test showed statistically nonsignificant difference between antifungal activity of F. religiosa and P. major with itraconazole 10 mcg. Conclusion: G. glabra, F. religiosa, and P. major showed acceptable potency against C. albicans (ATCC 66027) comparable to that of synthetic antifungal agents. However, further studies should be undertaken to affirm the same and test their efficacy in different concentrations and clinical utility.