The impact of COVID-19 on compliance to amblyopia treatment in a tertiary eye care center

Purpose: To investigate the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID?19) outbreak on compliance to amblyopia therapy from the perspective of parents of amblyopic children. Methods: The participants for the qualitative study were enrolled from the medical records of a tertiary eye care center during the COVID?19 pandemic. The trained researcher conducted telephonic interviews consisting of validated 15 open?ended questions for 15 min. The questions were related to patients’ compliance toward amblyopia treatment and the date of follow?up with their practitioners. The data collected were entered on Excel sheets in the participant’s own words and later converted to a transcript for analysis. Results: A total of 217 parents of children with amblyopia who were due for follow?up were contacted through telephone. The response rate for willingness to participate was only 36% (n = 78). Of these, 76% (n = 59) of parents reported that their child was compliant toward the treatment during the therapy period and 69% reported that their child was currently not on treatment for amblyopia. Conclusion: In the current study, we have observed that although reported compliance by parents during the therapy period was good, around 69% of patients had discontinued amblyopia therapy. The main reason for the discontinuation of therapy was the failure to visit the hospital during the scheduled follow?up with the eye care practitioner.

Anthropometric Evaluation of Foramen Ovale in Adult Dry Skulls of theMysuru-based Population

Introduction The greater wing of sphenoid presents various foramina, of which the foramen ovale is one important foramen through which advanced surgical therapeutic and diagnostic procedures related to the middle cranial fossa are performed. Materials and Methods A total of 40 dried adult skulls of unknown gender and age, obtained from the Department of Anatomy of the JSS medical College, Mysuru, Kamakata, India. The length and the width of the foramen ovale were measured using digital sliding calipers (tiny deal 150 mm SS digital caliper with LCD display, Kristeel- Shimwa industries, Bombay, India). Results Themean length of the foramen ovale was 0.745 0.31 cm on the right side (RS), and 0.68 0.15 cmon the left side (LS). The mean width was 0.6 0.17 cm on the RS, and 0.56 0.14 cm on the LS. Conclusion The knowledge of variations in the length and breadth of the foramen ovale is of immense importance in neurosurgery during various invasive surgical procedures, such as percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomy, and in the biopsy of cavernous sinus tumors and of Meckel cave lesions.

Study of surgical anatomy of portal vein of liver segments by cast method and its clinical implications / 대한해부학회지

Portal vein provides about three-fourths of liver's blood supply. Portal vein is formed behind the neck of pancreas, at the level of the second lumbar vertebra and formed from the convergence of superior mesenteric and splenic veins. The purpose of this study is to review the normal distribution and variation, morphometry of portal vein and its branches for their implication in liver surgery and preoperative portal vein embolization. It is also helpful for radiologists while performing radiological procedures. A total of fresh 40 livers with intact splenic and superior mesenteric vein were collected from the mortuary of Forensic Department, JSS Medical College and Mysuru Medical College. The silicone gel was injected into the portal vein and different segments were identified and portal vein variants were noted. The morphometry of portal vein was measured by using digital sliding calipers. The different types of portal vein segmental variants were observed. The present study showed predominant type I in 90% cases, type II 7.5% cases, and type III 2.5% cases. Mean and standard deviation (SD) of length of right portal vein among males and females were 2.096±0.602 cm and 1.706±0.297 cm, respectively. Mean and SD of length of left portal vein among males and females were 3.450±0.661 cm and 3.075±0.632 cm, respectively. The difference in the Mean among the males and females with respect to length of right portal vein and left portal vein was found to be statistically significant (P=0.010). Prior knowledge of variations regarding the formation, termination and tributaries of portal vein are very helpful and important for surgeons to perform liver surgeries like liver transplantation, segmentectomy and for Interventional Radiologists.

Solitary Fibrous Tumor of Head & Neck Region: Problems in Diagnosis Due to “Borderline” Features.

Aims: To report SFT in a 45 years male who had a lobulated tumor in neck for longest duration of 18 years with borderline histomorphology. Presentation of Case: The case discussed is of a forty-five year old Indian man who presented with painless mass in right side of neck for the duration of 18 years with rapid enlargement in last one year. Discussion: Solitary fibrous tumor is an unusual spindle cell neoplasm arising from primitive mesenchymal cell with distinct “patternlesss pattern” on histomorphology. The commonest site for this tumor is pleura but in recent years it has been described in various anatomic sites and is known to involve any region of the body. The extra- pleural sites include extremities, pelvis, head and neck and urogenital region. SFT of Head and Neck region is rare and usually involves deep soft tissues. Morphologically SFT resembles many benign and malignant soft tissue tumors. Conclusion: SFT is a rare tumor in neck region and has to be differentiated meticulously from other common and rare soft tissue tumors. Close follow up is essential after complete surgical excision in cases with “borderline” histomorphology.