Use of K-Y Jelly on Throat Packs for Postoperative Sore Throat after Nasal Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Introduction Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a fairly common side effect of general anesthesia. The K-Y jelly is a well-known lubricant used in many medical procedures. Objective In this randomized study, we evaluated the use of throat packs soaked with K-Y jelly for POST outcomes in patients submitted to nasal surgery. Methods The present double-blinded, randomized, controlled study included 140 ASA I-II patients undergoing nasal surgery under general anesthesia. Patients received either or K-Y jelly or water-soaked X-ray detectable throat packs fully inserted into the mouth to occlude the oropharynx. Results Comparison between the studied groups regarding the severity of POST assessed by visual analog scale revealed significantly lower POST levels in the K-Y jelly group on recovery from anesthesia, and at 2, 4, and 6 hours postoperatively. Conclusions The use of K-Y jelly-soaked throat packs was associated with less severe POST after nasal surgery.

Effect of interictal epileptiform EEG discharges on cognitive functions in epileptic children

Background: Epilepsy is a chronic disorder of the brain that affects people of all ages Neuropsychological impairment is an important comorbidity of chronic epilepsy in the majority of children with epilepsy. interictal epileptiform EEG discharges may present as a complicating factor in spite of being seizure free. In a group of children with interictal EEG discharges there is sudden and unexpected decline of school performance as the first symptom of epilepsy

Consequently, accumulating cognitive impairment, and even a decline in IQ scores, is reported in epileptic children with frequent episodes with epileptiform EEG discharges

Aim of the Work: To evaluate the possible relationship between interictal EEG discharge and cognitive function in a sample of Egyptian epileptic children

Patients and Methods: The ethical approval was obtained from the Hospital Ethical Research Committee. Each patient and/or parents entering the study signed an informed consent. This study was conducted on 140 children selected from Epilepsy Outpatient Clinic of Al-Azhar University Hospitals during a period of two years starting from June 2016 untill June 2018. A specialized pediatric neurology sheet was taken. EEG and cognitive assessment of epileptic patients with and without epileptiform EEG discharges using Stanford-Binet intelligence scale and P300 by ERP were performed to each patient two times 3 months in between

Results: we found that patients with frequent IEDs had high mean P300 latency and low IQ when compared to patients with infrequent and normal EEG examination. In addition, the mean p300 latency significantly reduced with rising in IQ [more improvement in cognitive function] after disappearance of IED in some patients

Conclusion: Interictal epileptiform EEG discharge had an additional effect on cognitive function especially if generalized and of high frequency. This effect might be often underestimated and might accumulate, and have a severe cognitive impact. So, treatment of epileptic patients should put in concern reduction or even treatment of IEDs as controlling of these IED lead to improvement of cognition

Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and nitric-oxide release studies of a novel series of celecoxib prodrugs possessing a nitric-oxide donor moiety

A new group of hybrid nitric oxide-releasing anti-inflammatory drugs (NONO-coxibs), in which an O 2-acetoxymethyl-1-(N-ethyl-N-methylamino)diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate NO-donor moiety is attached directly to the carboxylic acid group of 1-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)-5-aryl-1H-pyrazol-3-carboxylic acids (6a-c), were synthesized. A low amount of NO was released from the diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate compounds 6a-c upon incubation with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) at pH 7.4 (range: pH 7.97-8.51), whereas, the percentage of NO released was significantly higher (84.5%-85.05% of the theoretical maximal release of two molecules of NO/molecule of the parent hybrid ester prodrug) when the diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate ester prodrugs were incubated in the presence of rat serum. These incubation studies demonstrated that both NO and the anti-inflammatory 1-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)-5-(4-H, 4-F or 4-Me-phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-carboxylic acid (4a-c) would be released from the parent NONO-coxib upon in vivo cleavage by non-specific serum esterases. The parent compounds 4a-c displayed good anti-inflammatory effects (ID50=81.4-112.4 mg/kg p.o.) between those exhibited by the reference drugs, aspirin (ID50=114.3 mg/kg p.o.) and celecoxib (ID50=12.6 mg/kg p.o.). Hybrid ester anti-inflammatory/NO-donor prodrugs (NONO-coxibs) offer a potential drug-design concept directed toward the development of anti-inflammatory drugs that are lacking adverse ulcerogenic and/or cardiovascular effects.

Relationship between treatment regimen and rehospitalizaf ion of elderly with heart failure

Vascular Diseases [CVDs] are the main cause of death among elderly over 65 years and the main threat to the occurrence of heart failure [HF], Heart failure is an important cause of chronic disability, rehospitalization and even death particulary among persons over 65 years of age this study aimed to identify the relationship between rehospitalization of patients with heart failure and their adherence to the their adherence to the therapeutic regimen. Non- adherence to treatment regimen is one of the important factors leading to rehospitalization. The study was conducted at the inpatient cardiology department of the specialized Medical Hospital affiliated to the Main University Hospital in Mansoura. Elderly patients males and females, diagnosed with heart failure for at least one year and attending the clinic during a period of three months were included in the study. This number amounted to 120. A structured interview sheet was designed by the researcher to collect data. The tool comprised sociodemographic data of the elderly, his medical history and medical regimen such as adherence medications, diet modification, activity and follow up schedule. The results revealed that elderly patients adherence to diet modification was reported by 65.8% followed by 56.7% adherence to drug therapy, follow up visits by 44.0% and exercises by 24.2%. The main causes of non adherence were lack of knowledge to treatment regimen or the elderly patients forget, to take his medicine or need assistance. The main recmmendations are risk factors for non adherence. should be examined arefully during follow up visits, and the active involvement of the patients and their families in post discharge plan