Therapeutic Effect of Adipose Derived Stem Cells versus Atorvastatin on Amiodarone Induced Lung Injury in Male Rat

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Amiodarone (AM), a class 3 antiarrhythmic drug, has been associated with variety of adverse effects, the most serious of which is pulmonary toxicity. Ator (A) is a statin, known for their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. Recent studies provide evidence of potential therapeutic effect of statins on lung injury. Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) have shown great promise in the repair of various tissues. The present study aimed at investigating and comparing the possible therapeutic effect of A and ADSCs on AM induced lung injury in albino rats. METHODS AND RESULTS: 34 adult male albino rats were divided into 5 groups: control group (Gp I), A group (Gp II) received 10 mg/kg of A orally 6 days (d)/week (w) for 4 weeks (ws), AM group (Gp III) received 30 mg/kg of AM orally 6 d/w for 4 ws, AM&A group (Gp IV) received AM for 4ws then A for other 4 ws and AM&SCs group (Gp V) received AM for 4 ws then injected with 0.5 ml ADSCs on 2 successive days intravenously (IV). Histological, histochemical, immunohistochemical and morphometric studies were performed. Group III displayed bronchiolitis obliterans, thickened interalveolar septa (IAS) and thickened vascular wall which were proven morphometrically. Increased area% of collagen fibers and apoptotic changes were recorded. All findings regressed on A administration and ADSCs therapy. CONCLUSION: Ator proved a definite ameliorating effect on the degenerative, inflammatory, apoptotic and fibrotic changes induced by AM. ADSCs administration denoted more remarkable therapeutic effect compared to A.

Comparative Histological Study on the Therapeutic Effect of Green Tea and Stem Cells in Alzheimer's Disease Complicating Experimentally Induced Diabetes

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder. Increasing evidence implicates diabetes mellitus (DM) as a risk factor for AD. Green tea (GT) has several beneficial effects attributed to its anti-oxidant phenolic compounds. Adipose tissue is a rich source of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs). This study was designed to evaluate and compare the possible therapeutic effect of green tea extract (GTE) and ADSCs on AD complicating induced DM in male rat. METHODS: 31 adult male albino rats were divided into 5 groups. Group I (Control), Group II received GTE, 50 mg/kg daily orally for 4 weeks, Group III received a single intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin (STZ), 50 mg/kg, Group IV: received STZ followed by GTE and Group V: received STZ followed by human ADSCs (hADSCs) intravenously. RESULTS: Multiple acidophilic masses, deformed neurons, Congo red +ve masses and Caspase 3 +ve neurons were seen in group III, became few in group IV and occasional in group V. Multiple Prussian blue +ve cells were detected in group V. Some CD44 +ve cells were noticed in group III, became multiple in groups IV and V. The mean area of neurons exhibiting acidophilic cytoplasm, mean area of amyloid plaques and mean area % of Caspase 3 +ve cells indicated a significant increase in group III. The mean area % of CD44 +ve cells recorded a significant increase in group IV. CONCLUSIONS: hADSCs exerted a more marked therapeutic effect on the neurodegenerative changes complicating DM and corresponding to AD.

Antilob - ear deformity

The auricular collapse against the side of the head less than 1.8 cm can be congenital or acquired. The name "antilop-ear deformity" is suggested for these cases to differentiate them from the iatrogenic, postoperative, telephone ear, reverse telephone ear and excessive setback deformities. An operation is suggested to correct the antilop - ear deformity which actually the reverse of that operation for correcting the top - ear deformity

Haemagel 4% versus hydroxyethyl starch 6%: effect on blood coagulation, hemostasis, renal functions and platelet aggregation in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery

Background: Hydroxyethyl starch [HES] and Haemagel [Gelatin] may affect blood coagulation, platelet aggregation and renal functions. Our aim is to select which of them is better when given in large doses [> 20 mg/kg] for replacement of losses in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery

Methods: Patients were allocated randomly to receive Haemagel 4% [n=20], or HES 6% [Hestril] [n=20]. The infusion was started after induction of anesthesia and continued until the 1[st] postoperative day to maintain central venous pressure between 8 and 12 mmHg. Prothrombin concentration, thrombin time, platelet count and activated partial thromboplastin time for coagulation assessment, platelet aggregation for platelet function and creatinine clearance for renal function. Measurements were performed after induction of anesthesia [T0], 2 hours intraoperatively [T1], at the end of surgery [T2], 6 hours after surgery [T3] and on the morning, of postoperative day after surgery [T4]

Results: Significantly more HES 6% than Haemagel 4% was given. Blood loss was greatest in the HES group than Haemagel group. Coagulation measurements were significantly affected at the 2[nd] hour intraoperatively, end of surgery, 6 hours after surgery and on the first postoperative day in HES group than Haemagel group. Platelet aggregation was significantly inhibited in both groups compared to base line [T0]. In between groups platelet aggregation was significantly inhibited more in HES group compared to Haemagel group [p value < 0.05] at T1, T2, T3 and returned to near base line values at T4. Renal function investigated by creatinine clearance was significantly decreased in HES group compared to Haemagel group

Conclusion: HES 6% adversely affected measures of platelet function, coagulation parameters and renal functions significantly more compared to Haemagel 4% when given in large amounts [>20 ml/Kg] in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Beside the relative less cost of Haemgel compared to HES group. In conclusion the use of Haemagel colloid for blood loss replacement is safer and costs less than other available colloids