Vitiligo in association with vernal keratoconjunctivitis

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis [VKC] is a chronic allergic inflammation of ocular surface involving the tarsal and/or bulbar conjunctiva. Signs of VKC are confined to the conjunctiva and cornea. The skin of the lid remains uninvolved. Here we report a case of 17 year-old male suffering from VKC who develops vitiligo of lid skin and lash poliosis. All ocular and systemic causes of localized skin and lash depigmentation were excluded in our patient by thorough clinical examination and investigations. During regular follow-up for two-year patient did not develop any ocular and systemic illness presenting as vitiligo and poliosis. We believe that VKC was the most possible etiology of Vitiligo of lid and lash poliosis in this patient

Idiopathic juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis: a current review

Idiopathic juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis [IJFT], also known as parafoveal telangiectasis or idiopathic macular telangiectasia, refers to a heterogeneous group of well-recognized clinical entities characterized by telangiectatic alterations of the juxtafoveolar capillary network of one or both eyes, but which differ in appearance, presumed pathogenesis, and management strategies. Classically, three groups of IJFT are identified. Group I is unilateral easily visible telangiectasis occurring predominantly in males, and causing visual loss as a result of macular edema. Group II, the most common, is bilateral occurring in both middle-aged men and women, and presenting with telangiectasis that is more difficult to detect on biomicroscopy, but with characteristic and diagnostic angiographic and optical coherence tomography features. Vision loss is due to retinal atrophy, not exudation, and subretinal neovascularization is common. Group III is very rare characterized predominantly by progressive obliteration of the perifoveal capillary network, occurring usually in association with a medical or neurologic disease. This paper presents a current review of juxtafoveolar retinal telangiectasis, reviewing the classification of these entities and focusing primarily on the two most common types encountered in clinical practice, i.e., groups I and II, describing their clinical features, histopathology, natural history, complications, latest results from imaging modalities and functional studies, differential diagnosis, and treatment modalities

Pediatric retinal detachment in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia: experience of a tertiary care hospital

Because no previous studies have addressed the issue, we describe clinical characteristics and surgical outcome of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment [RRD] in a pediatric population of the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia. We conducted a retrospective review of all consecutive cases of pediatric RRD [0-18 years] patients presenting at Dharhran Eye Specialist Hospital, a tertiary care hospital, in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia over a period of 3 years. Twenty patients were included in the study, accounting for 9.4% of all retinal detachment surgery cases performed over a period of 3 years [January 2006 to December 2008]. The median age was 11.0 years, [range, birth to 18 years]. Trauma, [45%] myopia/vitreoretinal degeneration [10%] and prior ocular surgery [25%] were significant risk factors for RRD. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy [PVR] more than grade C was present in 14/20 [70%] of cases. Most patients [15/20, 75%] were treated with pars plana vitrectomy and placement of an encircling buckle, while silicone oil or gas was used as tamponade in 13/20 [65%] patients. Surgery was successful in 17/20 [85%] cases in achieving retinal re-attachment. Visual acuity improved significantly following surgery [Mean preop 2.146 LogMAR, Mean postop 1.497 LogMAR] [P=.014]. Longer duration of RRD [P=.007] and macular involvement [P=.05] were associated with worse anatomical outcomes following surgery. Pediatric RRD in the Eastern province is often associated with predisposing pathology. Surgery is successful in achieving anatomical reattachment of the retina in a majority of cases with improvement of visual acuity