The Effects of Economic Deterioration Due to COVID-19 to Alcohol and Tobacco Consumption Behaviors of Adolescents in South Korea: A Nationwide Analysis

Background@#Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has greatly impacted health, culture, and the economy. Although it has had little direct effect on children and adolescents, its indirect effect on them has been significant. In this study, we aim to evaluate the alcohol and tobacco consumption behaviors of adolescents and the economic determination of their families due to COVID-19. Methods: We collected data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey, which is an annual cross-sectional national representative survey published by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency in South Korea. We considered, in particular, the survey conducted in middle and high school students in 2020. Results: The number of subjects was 54,948 with 28,353 male students and 26,595 female students. The drinking rate was higher in male students and female students in the group with severe economic deterioration compared to the group without deterioration (odd ratio [OR], 1.355; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.175-1.563; OR, 1.199; 95% CI, 0.987-1.457). The smoking rate was higher in male students and female students in the group with severe economic deterioration (OR, 1.435; 95% CI, 1.180-1.745; OR, 1.809; 95% CI, 1.331-2.457). The secondhand smoking rate at home was higher in male students and female students in the group with severe economic deterioration (OR, 1.397; 95% CI, 1.239-1.574; OR, 1.440; 95% CI, 1.263-1.641). @*Conclusions@#The economic deterioration due to COVID-19 is a risk factor for alcohol drinking, smoking, and secondhand smoking among adolescents. Our study results suggest the need to pay more attention to youth health management in the event of sudden economic impacts.

Alteration and significance of serum lipid levels and nutritional status during BCMA-CAR-T-cell therapy in patients with refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma: a retrospective study based on LEGEND-2 / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To explore the dynamic changes in serum lipid levels and nutritional status during BCMA-CAR-T-cell therapy in patients with refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma (R/R MM) based on LEGEND-2. Methods: The data of patients with R/R MM who underwent BCMA-CAR-T therapy at our hospital between March 30, 2016, and February 6, 2018, were retrospectively collected. Serum lipid levels, controlled nutritional status (CONUT) score, and other clinical indicators at different time points before and after CAR-T-cell infusion were compared and analyzed. The best cut-off value was determined by using the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. The patients were divided into high-CONUT score (>6.5 points, malnutrition group) and low-CONUT score groups (≤6.5 points, good nutrition group), comparing the progression-free survival (PFS) and total survival (OS) of the two groups using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results: Before the infusion of CAR-T-cells, excluding triglycerides (TG), patients' serum lipid levels were lower than normal on average. At 8-14 d after CAR-T-cell infusion, serum albumin (ALB), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1) levels dropped to the minimum, whereas CONUT scores reached the maximum. In addition to TG, apolipoprotein B (Apo B) levels increased compared with baseline. After CAR-T-cell therapy, the patients' serum lipid levels significantly increased with well-improved nutritional status. Spearman's related analysis showed that TC, HDL, and ApoA1 levels after CAR-T-cell injection were significantly negatively correlated with the grade of cytokine-release syndrome (CRS) (r=-0.548, P=0.003; r=-0.444, P=0.020; r=-0.589, P=0.001). Furthermore, survival analysis indicated that the CONUT score was unrelated to PFS, and the median OS of patients with R/R MM in the high-CONUT score group was shorter than that in the low-CONUT score group (P=0.046) . Conclusions: During CAR-T-cell therapy, hypolipidemia and poor nutritional status were aggravated, which is possibly related to CRS. The patients' serum lipid levels and nutritional status were significantly improved after CAR-T-cell treatment. The CONUT score affected the median OS in patients treated with CAR-T-cells. Therefore, specific screening and intervention for nutritional status in patients receiving CAR-T-cell therapy are required.

Study on the current situation and influencing factors of job involvement for employed nurses in military hospital / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To investigate the current situation of job involvement of nurses in military hospitals in Henan Province and analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide reference for improving the level of job involvement of military nurses. Methods: In February 2022, the employed nurses of 4 military hospitals in Henan Province were investigated by convenient sampling method. A total of 663 questionnaires were collected, including 632 valid questionnaires, with an effective recovery rate of 95.32%. The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the basic information of nurses, the Job Involvement Scale was used to investigate the job involvement of nurses, the Emotional Labor Scale for Nurses was used to investigate nurses' emotions, and the Work-Family Conflict Scale was used to investigate the work-family conflict of nurses. Independent sample t-test and univariate analysis of variance were used to compare the job involvement of military employed nurses with different demographic characteristics, Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between emotional labor, work-family conflict and job involvement, and hierarchical regression analysis was used to explore the impact of relevant variables on the job involvement of military employed nurses. Results: The total average score of job involvement of military employed nurses was (3.68±1.13), and the scores of vitality, dedication and focus were (3.64±1.15), (3.74±1.25) and (3.67±1.21) respectively. The total score of emotional labor of nurses was 33-80 (62.95±8.12), with an average score of (3.93±0.51). The total score of work-family conflict was 18-94 (55.16±13.53), with an average score of (3.06±0.75). Professional emotional regulation, patient-centered emotional inhibition and standardized emotional play were positively related to the job involvement (r=0.46, 0.41, 0.22, P<0.01). Time-based conflict, stress-based conflict and behavior-based conflict had negative correlation with the job involvement (r=-0.12, -0.23, -0.20, P<0.01). In hierarchical regression analysis, after controlling demographic variables, emotional labor and work-family conflict accounted for 17.2% and 4.2% of the variation of job involvement. Conclusion: The job involvement of military employed nurses tends to be at a moderate level. Emotional labor and work-family conflict can significantly affect their job involvement.

Research progress of optical coherence tomography angiography in detecting retinal and choroidal thickness and blood flow in patients with high myopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

High myopia is a state of refractive error with myopia over -6.00D. High myopia is typically accompanied by multiple fundus lesions, thus making patients with high myopia suffer from varying degrees of impairment in visual function. As an emerging auxiliary way in ophthalmology, optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)can efficiently and non-invasively obtain microvascular stratified images of the retina and choroid and quantitatively analyze blood flow signals. Since the advent of OCTA, there have been numerous studies observing fundus changes in those with high myopia through OCTA. In this paper, some studies in which OCTA is applied to obtain retinal and choroidal thickness from patients with high myopia are reviewed, with a view to revealing the correlation between high myopia and the parameters such as retinal thickness, choroidal thickness, vessel density and the area of the foveal avascular zone and providing novel ideas to deeply investigate the mechanism of high myopia and delay the occurrence and development of high myopia.

Pulse oximeter as a home assessment tool: Knowledge and user experience among the community in Malaysia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Objective: To determine the degree of knowledge in the usage of pulse oximeter as a home assessment tool among the community in Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in November 2021. The questionnaire assessed the knowledge in using pulse oximeters, user experience and opinions in using pulse oximeter as a home assessment tool during the pandemic. Results: A total of 504 respondents were included in the study, and the mean score in knowledge related to application of pulse oximetry was 73.00%, while the mean score in knowledge related to factors affecting pulse oximetry readings was only 38.51%. A total of 90.5% of the respondents recognised normal pulse rate and 88.5% knew the blood oxygen saturation levels of a healthy adult, while 69.4% recognised the definition of silent hypoxia. In addition, the majority of the respondents agreed that factors such as poor blood circulation (71.2%), excessive movements (69.8%), and hand position (60.7%) affected oximetry readings. However, 61.7%, 81.7%, 77.2% and 76.8% of the respondents could not identify nail polish, skin colour, skin thickness and tattoos as factors that may affect oximetry readings respectively. Conclusions: The respondents showed a satisfactory level of knowledge related to application of pulse oximetry, but a poor level of knowledge related to factors affecting pulse oximetry readings among the community in Malaysia. Continuous efforts in educating the community on the correct use of pulse oximeters are crucial for appropriate home assessment and avoiding unnecessary stress.

Application of asthenopia survey scale in patients with accommodative asthenopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the visual fatigue of patients with accommodative asthenopia and the difference in scores before and after treatment by using the asthenopia survey scale(ASS), and to evaluate its reliability, validity and responsiveness in this population.METHODS: A total of 112 patients with accommodative asthenopia were admitted to the department of ophthalmology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and recruited online were investigated using the ASS questionnaire, and 48 subjects were randomly selected and retested 1wk later. A variety of reliability, validity and responsiveness indicators were used to evaluate the scale.RESULTS: The overall Cronbach's α coefficients of the scale entries was 0.91; The split-half reliability coefficients was 0.86; Repeated measurement correlation coefficient of the scale total score was 0.74, there was no significant difference before and after(P&#x003E;0.05); The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the absolute fit index of the three-factor structural model was χ2/df&#x003C;2.0, RMSEA=0.08; The correlation coefficients of each dimension's total score and the scale's total score were 0.92, 0.90 and 0.83 respectively; The standard association validity analysis showed statistically significant differences between groups(P&#x003C;0.01). Response analysis was statistically significant before and after treatment(P&#x003C;0.01).CONCLUSION: The ASS has high reliability, validity and responsiveness in the clinical evaluation of accommodative asthenopia, and it's an effective tool for clinical research and screening of asthenopia in this population.

The Willingness of Enduring Drug Side Effects in the Patients of Depressive Disorders: From the Results of Korean Nationwide Patients’ Perspectives Survey Study / 신경정신의학

Objectives@#There has been increased use of medications in treating depressive disorders.Nowadays, patient value is an important part of prescribing medications. This study examines depressive patients’ perspectives on the side effects of medications. @*Methods@#We administered questionnaires nationwide to 364 patients with depressive disorders. Intent or willingness to endure 21 side effects from the Antidepressant Side-Effect Checklist (ASEC) were examined and compared in patients who are less than mildly ill and who are more than moderately ill. @*Results@#In the population, decreased appetite, yawning, increased body temperature, dry mouth, sweating, and constipation are regarded as generally endurable side effects. In contrast, dizziness, light-headedness, nausea or vomiting, headaches, disorientation, problems with urination, and difficulty sleeping are hard to endure. There were differences between patients who are less than mildly ill and those who are more than moderately ill regarding the willingness to endure drowsiness, decreased appetite, sexual dysfunction, palpitations, and weight gain. @*Conclusion@#This nationwide study revealed a general willingness in depressed patients to endure side effects. Sensitive and premeditative discussions of patient value with regard to medications might contribute to finding successful treatments.

Pulse oximeter as a home assessment tool: Knowledge and user experience among the community in Malaysia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Objective: To determine the degree of knowledge in the usage of pulse oximeter as a home assessment tool among the community in Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in November 2021. The questionnaire assessed the knowledge in using pulse oximeters, user experience and opinions in using pulse oximeter as a home assessment tool during the pandemic. Results: A total of 504 respondents were included in the study, and the mean score in knowledge related to application of pulse oximetry was 73.00%, while the mean score in knowledge related to factors affecting pulse oximetry readings was only 38.51%. A total of 90.5% of the respondents recognised normal pulse rate and 88.5% knew the blood oxygen saturation levels of a healthy adult, while 69.4% recognised the definition of silent hypoxia. In addition, the majority of the respondents agreed that factors such as poor blood circulation (71.2%), excessive movements (69.8%), and hand position (60.7%) affected oximetry readings. However, 61.7%, 81.7%, 77.2% and 76.8% of the respondents could not identify nail polish, skin colour, skin thickness and tattoos as factors that may affect oximetry readings respectively. Conclusions: The respondents showed a satisfactory level of knowledge related to application of pulse oximetry, but a poor level of knowledge related to factors affecting pulse oximetry readings among the community in Malaysia. Continuous efforts in educating the community on the correct use of pulse oximeters are crucial for appropriate home assessment and avoiding unnecessary stress.

The Effect of Changes in Family Developmental Stage According to Child Independence on the Incidence of Depression in South Korean Middle-Aged Adults

Background@#The incidence of depression in middle-aged adults is increasing and has been affected by physiological changes and various sociodemographic factors. The present study aimed to examine the longitudinal relationship between depression and changes in the family developmental stage based on child independence in South Korean middle-aged adults living with children. @*Methods@#This study included 1,593 people in the age group of 45-64 years who participated in the first survey of the Korean longitudinal study of aging in 2006. Participants did not have depression, lived with unmarried children, and responded to Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression 10 scale and child-related questions in the 7th survey (2018). The chi-squared test, t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare differences in depression according to general characteristics and family developmental stage. The generalized estimating equation model was used to longitudinally examine the effect of changes in the family developmental stage on the incidence of depression from the 1st to the 7th survey. @*Results@#Changes in the family developmental stage based on child independence have a significant effect on the incidence of depression in middle-aged adults (P=0.000). In addition, in the generalized estimating equation model, the longitudinal association between changes in the family developmental stage and the incidence of depression was confirmed. @*Conclusions@#Therefore, confirming the independence of children as an important factor is essential in the management of depression in middle-aged adults.

Waist-to-Height Ratio as an Index for Screening Lifestyle-Related Diseases in Overweight Adults / 계명의대학술지

Central obesity carries more metabolic risks compared with total obesity assessed by Body mass index (BMI). Also, there’s paradoxical relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality in overweight group (23 kg/㎡ ≤ BMI < 25 kg/㎡). The aim of this study is to assess relationship between waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and lifestyle-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes in overweight group, and to find the most predictable and useful obesity index for screening lifestyle-related diseases.A total of 3,994 overweight (23 kg/㎡ ≤ BMI < 25 kg/㎡) adults from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2015 (KNHANES VI) were included. We assessed the relationship between WHtR and metabolic syndrome components using multiple regression analysis, and assessed the relationship between abdominal obesity (WHtR ≥ 0.5) and lifestyle-related diseases using complex samples logistic regression analysis. Also, to find the most useful index to predict lifestyle-related diseases, we calculated the areas under the Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.WHtR was significantly related to metabolic syndrome components. Odds ratios of metabolic syndrome, hypertension and type 2 diabetes were 2.187, 1.445, 2.463 in abdominal obese group (WHtR ≥ 0.5), respectively. Area under the curve of WHtR was the most significantly highest among those of obesity indices.WHtR is a simple and useful obesity index to predict lifestyle-related diseases in overweight Korean adults. Further investigations for other obesity indices are needed to predict lifestyle-related diseases better.

Waist-to-Height Ratio as an Index for Screening Lifestyle-Related Diseases in Overweight Adults / 계명의대학술지

Central obesity carries more metabolic risks compared with total obesity assessed by Body mass index (BMI). Also, there’s paradoxical relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality in overweight group (23 kg/㎡ ≤ BMI < 25 kg/㎡). The aim of this study is to assess relationship between waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and lifestyle-related diseases such as metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes in overweight group, and to find the most predictable and useful obesity index for screening lifestyle-related diseases.A total of 3,994 overweight (23 kg/㎡ ≤ BMI < 25 kg/㎡) adults from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2015 (KNHANES VI) were included. We assessed the relationship between WHtR and metabolic syndrome components using multiple regression analysis, and assessed the relationship between abdominal obesity (WHtR ≥ 0.5) and lifestyle-related diseases using complex samples logistic regression analysis. Also, to find the most useful index to predict lifestyle-related diseases, we calculated the areas under the Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.WHtR was significantly related to metabolic syndrome components. Odds ratios of metabolic syndrome, hypertension and type 2 diabetes were 2.187, 1.445, 2.463 in abdominal obese group (WHtR ≥ 0.5), respectively. Area under the curve of WHtR was the most significantly highest among those of obesity indices.WHtR is a simple and useful obesity index to predict lifestyle-related diseases in overweight Korean adults. Further investigations for other obesity indices are needed to predict lifestyle-related diseases better.

Association between Skipping Breakfast and Overweight in Korean Adolescents: Analysis of the 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey / 계명의대학술지

In Korea, skipping breakfast is of concern as an unhealthy dietary habit. While the relationship between skipping breakfast and overweight and obesity has been established in children and adolescents in Europe, studies on this topic in Korean adolescents are scarce. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and skipping breakfast in Korean adolescents. Data from the 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (2017) were analyzed. This anonymous, self-administered online questionnaire examined health behaviors including smoking, drinking, obesity, eating habits, sleep duration, and physical activity in Korean youth. Questions included those on general characteristics, such as economic status, parental education level, etc. This study included data from 56,933 adolescents aged 12–18 years. Skipping breakfast was defined as consuming breakfast fewer than five times per week. BMI, health behaviors, and general characteristics were compared between the breakfast-skipping and control groups. The skipping-breakfast and control groups comprised 25,836 (45.4%) and 31,097 (54.6%) subjects, respectively. BMI was significantly higher in the breakfast-skipping group than that in the control group (21.6 ± 3.24 kg/m2 vs. 21.4 ± 3.26 kg/m2, p < 0.001). Among the normal-weight and overweight groups, 44.9% and 47.3% skipped breakfast, respectively (p < 0.001). After adjusting for health behaviors and general characteristics, the risk of overweight was higher in those who skipped breakfast than that in the control group (odds ratio; 1.125, 95% confidence interval; 1.077–1.176).Skipping breakfast was related to overweight in Korean adolescents. Therefore, longitudinal research is needed to determine whether skipping breakfast is associated with overweight.

Dorsal root ganglion stimulation combined with spinal cord stimulation for effective treatment of postherpetic neuralgia - A case report -

Background@#Although spinal cord stimulation (SCS) can be a treatment option for intractable postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), obtaining proper stimulation at the thoracic dermatome is difficult. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) stimulation may be an effective treatment for patients with insufficient efficacy in SCS only.Case: A 54-year-old man with intractable PHN was referred to our clinic. Pain was localized to the distribution of the T1–3 dermatomes. SCS trial was conducted, and lead was placed within the epidural space over the C6–T1 level; however, the stimulation was inadequate for his pain site. Therefore, another lead was placed within the left T1 and T2 DRG for trial, and T1 DRG stimulation provided adequate stimulation. T1 DRG stimulation and SCS could cover the entire pain site with paresthesia, and his pain was decreased by over 50%. @*Conclusions@#DRG stimulation combined with SCS may be a good treatment option for intractable thoracic PHN.

Research progress on the effect of shift-work on the physical health of nurses / 中国职业医学

Good health status is an important prerequisite for nurses to provide quality nursing services for patients. Shift-work is an important work style of nurses. Studying the effect of shift-work on the physical health of nurses is helpful for planning a reasonable shift-work system, formulating health promotion strategies, and improving the personal health and quality of life of nurses. Shift-work can disrupt circadian rhythms and lead to dysfunction autonomic and endocrine system, indirectly increasing the risk of disease for nurses. Some research suggests that shift-work may have an impact on the endocrine system, leading to an increased risk of diabetes, metabolic syndrome and sleep disorders. Shift-work can cause dysregulation of the parasympathetic nervous system, leading to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and increased mortality from cardiovascular disease in nurses. Shift-work may cause acid-base imbalance and changes in digestive enzyme secretion, leading to an increased risk of digestive diseases. However, the current research on the effect of shift-work on the physical health of nurses is lacking and more rigorous studies are needed.

Influence of hospital ethical climate on the turnover intention and job embeddedness of nurses / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To explore the influence of hospital ethical climate on the turnover intention and the mediating role of job embeddedness of nurses. METHODS: Totally 468 clinical nurses from there public general hospitals in Zhengzhou City were selected as the research subjects using convenience sampling method. The Hospital Ethical Climate Survey, Job Embeddedness Scale and Turnover Intention Questionnaire were used to investigate the scores of hospital ethical climate, job embeddedness and resignation intention respectively. RESULTS: The mean scores of hospital ethical climate, job embeddedness and turnover intention were(3.5±0.4),(2.8±0.3) and(2.8±0.7) respectively. The turnover intention of nurses was negatively associated with hospital ethical climate and job embeddedness [correlation coefficient(r)=-0.67,-0.60, all P<0.01]. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the higher the scores of hospital ethical climate and job embeddedness, the lower the score of turnover intention of nurses(all P<0.01), after adjusting confounding factors such as length of service, educational level, professional title and personnel employment. The structural equation analysis results showed that job embeddedness played a part of the mediating role between the hospital ethical climate and the turnover intention of nurses and the mediating efficacy accounted for 23.3% of the total efficacy. CONCLUSION: The hospital ethical climate has a significant negative effect on the turnover intention, and job embeddedness has an intermediary effect between them.

Complement C3 Aggravates Post-epileptic Neuronal Injury Via Activation of TRPV1 / 神经科学通报·英文版

Epilepsy is a brain condition characterized by the recurrence of unprovoked seizures. Recent studies have shown that complement component 3 (C3) aggravate the neuronal injury in epilepsy. And our previous studies revealed that TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1) is involved in epilepsy. Whether complement C3 regulation of neuronal injury is related to the activation of TRPV1 during epilepsy is not fully understood. We found that in a mouse model of status epilepticus (SE), complement C3 derived from astrocytes was increased and aggravated neuronal injury, and that TRPV1-knockout rescued neurons from the injury induced by complement C3. Circular RNAs are abundant in the brain, and the reduction of circRad52 caused by complement C3 promoted the expression of TRPV1 and exacerbated neuronal injury. Mechanistically, disorders of neuron-glia interaction mediated by the C3-TRPV1 signaling pathway may be important for the induction of neuronal injury. This study provides support for the hypothesis that the C3-TRPV1 pathway is involved in the prevention and treatment of neuronal injury and cognitive disorders.

Complement C3 Aggravates Post-epileptic Neuronal Injury Via Activation of TRPV1 / 神经科学通报·英文版

Epilepsy is a brain condition characterized by the recurrence of unprovoked seizures. Recent studies have shown that complement component 3 (C3) aggravate the neuronal injury in epilepsy. And our previous studies revealed that TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1) is involved in epilepsy. Whether complement C3 regulation of neuronal injury is related to the activation of TRPV1 during epilepsy is not fully understood. We found that in a mouse model of status epilepticus (SE), complement C3 derived from astrocytes was increased and aggravated neuronal injury, and that TRPV1-knockout rescued neurons from the injury induced by complement C3. Circular RNAs are abundant in the brain, and the reduction of circRad52 caused by complement C3 promoted the expression of TRPV1 and exacerbated neuronal injury. Mechanistically, disorders of neuron–glia interaction mediated by the C3–TRPV1 signaling pathway may be important for the induction of neuronal injury. This study provides support for the hypothesis that the C3–TRPV1 pathway is involved in the prevention and treatment of neuronal injury and cognitive disorders.

Effect of Focused Cardiac Ultrasound in Combination with Lung Ultrasound on Critically Ill Patients: A Multicenter Observational Study in China / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective Focused cardiac ultrasound (FCU) and lung ultrasound (LU) are increasingly being used in critically ill patients. This study aimed to investigate the effect of FCU in combination with LU on these patients and to determine if the timing of ultrasound examination was associated with treatment change. Methods This is a multicenter cross-sectional observational study. Consecutive patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) were screened for enrollment. FCU and LU were performed within the first 24 h, and treatment change was proposed by the performer based on the ultrasound results and other clinical conditions. Results Among the 992 patients included, 502 were examined within 6 h of ICU admission (early phase group), and 490 were examined after 6 h of admission (later phase group). The early phase group and the later phase group had similar proportions of treatment change (48.8%

Clinical Characteristics of Mild Coronavirus Disease 2019 Inpatients / 계명의대학술지

About 30~50% COVID-19 hospital inpatients is reported to have mild clinical presentation, and the clinical course is known to be good even in the older population. In order to compare the clinical symptoms of mild patients with COVID-19 infection by age, the clinical symptoms and laboratory results were analyzed by dividing mild patients admitted to a dedicated hospital into three groups: under the age of 64, 65-84, and above 85 years of age.There was no difference in gender ratio by age among 555 mild cases. Concomitant diseases with significant differences by age were hypertension, diabetes, stroke, and coronary artery disease.Among the symptoms, cough and sore throat were different by age, and cough was significantly higher in the group under 64 years of age. Among the symptoms, cough and sore throat were different by age, and cough was significantly higher in the group under 64 years of age.The white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil count, monocyte, blood sugar, procalcitonin, and creatinine were significantly higher in the 85 years old or older group, and the hemoglobin, albumin, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were significantly lower in the 85 years old or older group.

Clinical Characteristics of Mild Coronavirus Disease 2019 Inpatients / 계명의대학술지

About 30~50% COVID-19 hospital inpatients is reported to have mild clinical presentation, and the clinical course is known to be good even in the older population. In order to compare the clinical symptoms of mild patients with COVID-19 infection by age, the clinical symptoms and laboratory results were analyzed by dividing mild patients admitted to a dedicated hospital into three groups: under the age of 64, 65-84, and above 85 years of age.There was no difference in gender ratio by age among 555 mild cases. Concomitant diseases with significant differences by age were hypertension, diabetes, stroke, and coronary artery disease.Among the symptoms, cough and sore throat were different by age, and cough was significantly higher in the group under 64 years of age. Among the symptoms, cough and sore throat were different by age, and cough was significantly higher in the group under 64 years of age.The white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil count, monocyte, blood sugar, procalcitonin, and creatinine were significantly higher in the 85 years old or older group, and the hemoglobin, albumin, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were significantly lower in the 85 years old or older group.